Presentation made at the FUTURE EARTH WATER-ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS WORKSHOP: “Governance transformation and integrated information for the W-E-F Nexus” to be held at Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN) in Kyoto, Japan, which was held from 4th to 7th April 2016.

1. WEF Nexus
Challenges and Governance
(Myanmar Context)
"Disasters and the Call for Coordination for
Better Disaster Preparedness"
Zaw Naing
Mandalay Technology, Myanmar
FUTURE EARTH WATER-ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS WORKSHOP:
“Governance transformation and integrated information for the W-E-F Nexus”
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature (RIHN)
Kyoto, Japan
4th - 6th April, 2016

2. Managing Director, Mandalay Technology Co.,
Myanmar Engineering Society (MES)
Myanmar Earthquake Committee (MEC)
Visiting Fellow, Center for Global Change and
Earth Observation (CGCEO), Michigan State
University
Consultant, Global Information and
Communication Technology Department (GICT),
TheWorld Bank
Fellow Member, Consortium on Remote Sensing
and Geo-information Systems for Agricultural and
Environmental Intelligence in Asia (CoRGAA)
National Team Leader, Myanmar Integrated Water
Resources Management (IWRM) Study

3. Water for Agriculture/ Food Security
in Myanmar
Agriculture
• 37 % of GDP
• 13.3% of
total export
earnings
• Employing
61.2% of the
total labor
force

4. Water for Energy in Myanmar
Hydro-Power is still the main source
for Electricity
Demand is rapidly increasing
together with the development in
politics and economics

5. Water Resources Management in
Myanmar
NationalWater Resources Management Committee
IntegratedWater Resources Management (IWRM)

6. Natural Disasters Threatening WEF Nexus
Natural
Disasters

7. Disasters Threatening WEF Nexus
Water: A Source of Energy
A Source of Agriculture & Food
A Source of Disasters
Food: Basic Need of the People, Output
of Water, Impacted by Disasters
Energy: Mismanagement of Hydro-
power Dams & Irrigation Dams making
the flood and its impact worse, and
making environmental issues
Intertwined…

8. Myanmar:
WEF Nexus Challenges and Governance
"Disasters and the Call for Coordination for Better
Disaster Preparedness"
NARGIS Cyclone (2008)
Recent flood event in Myanmar (2015)
The response
How geo-information was used?
What worked, what did not?
ResponseVs. Preparedness
Challenges and Needs
Way Ahead

9. Storm-surge Flood caused by NARGIS
Cyclone Nargis in May 2008
About 150,000 fatalities
2.4 million people were affected
Many towns and villages were flooded and destroyed.

11. NARGIS Cyclone 2008

12. Made over 2 millions people…
homeless.

13. The “traditional”
disaster cycle
Disaster Cycle

14. DRR and DRM activities with Geo- and
Satellite- information (Myanmar)
Remote Sensing Center, MandalayTechnological University (MTU), Ministry of
Science andTechnology (MOST), Sub-Committee on SpaceTechnology and
Applications (SCOSA) of ASEAN, Kobe-based Asian Disaster Reduction Center
(ADRC) and Asian Institute ofTechnology (AIT) _ Capacity Building and HRD
programs for utilization of GIS and remotely sensed data for DRR.
Myanmar Engineering Society (MES), Myanmar Geosciences Society (MGS) and
related government bodies formed Myanmar Earthquake Committee (MEC) and
produced seismic zonation maps (2006) of Myanmar and major cities.
Training workshop on Seismic loss estimation using simplified and GIS-based
approaches by MEC and Bangkok-based Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
(ADPC)
GIS and Remote Sensing ApplicationsTraining for DRR and DRM by MES and
MandalayTechnology

15. Trainings on GIS and RS for Disaster Risk Reduction

16. Geospatial Technologies for Disaster Risk Reduction,
and Disaster Management Support
Disaster Risk Analysis
Disaster Risk
Preparedness Planning
Recovery Planning
Disaster Management
Post-Disaster Support

17. Recent Flood in Myanmar (July 2015)

18. Recent Flood in Myanmar (July 2015)

19. Recent Flood in Myanmar (July 2015)

20. Recent Flood in Myanmar (July 2015)

21. Recent Flood in Myanmar (July 2015)

22. Response (Air-Force)

23. Response (Daw Aung San Su Kyi)

24. Response (Daw Aung San Su Kyi)

25. Response (People to People)

26. Donation Collections for Response

27. Response (Fund-raising by Music Concert)

28. Response (Fund-raising by Music Concert)

29. Response (UNCERF)

30. Response (NGOs, INGOs, UN, etc.,)

31. Regional and International Cooperative mechanisms
which emphasize the use of Remote Sensing data and
GIS for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Disaster
Management Support (DMS)
o Space Based Information for Disaster Management &
Emergency Response (UN-SPIDER) working under United
Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs(UNOOSA), and
UNOSAT & UNITAR
o Regional Space Application (RESAP) program under
auspices of UN-ESCAP(Economic & Social Commission
for Asia & the Pacific)
o Sentinel Asia
o Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum (APSARF)
International Cooperative Mechanisms

32. Sentinel Asia
The Sentinel Asia initiative started in 2005
Collaboration between regional space agencies and disaster
management agencies,
Applying Remote Sensing and Web-GIS technologies to assist
disaster management in the Asia-Pacific region.
Multiple national agencies of about 25 countries in the region
have joined and benefited from the disaster support services
provided by Sentinel Asia.

33. End User
ISRO
JAXA
GISTDA
Disaster
Data Provider Node (DPN)
Product
Request
DATA
LR LR LR LR
Data Analysis Node (DAN)
Sentinel Asia Basic Structure

35. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

36. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

37. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

38. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

39. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

40. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

41. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

42. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

43. Geo-Information for Disaster Management

44. What worked, what did not?
1. Emergency Response worked!
2. Disaster Preparedness Didn’t.

45. Did we do enough
Risk Assessment,
and Mitigation
and Prevention?
Recovery and
Development
Efforts???
Questions in Disaster Cycle

46. Challenges in Disaster
Preparedness Governance
NEED a National Agency or Center for
Disaster Preparedness
UN & International Disaster
Preparedness Organizations coordinate
more with Myanmar stakeholders _
Government, Universities, share
knowledge, and take active role in
capacity building
Universities
ToT
GIS / RS Courses
National Disaster Preparedness Center
Work together with Academic, Private, UN
and International Counterparts

47. Disaster Preparedness Governance Challenges
& Multi-level Solutions
1. Disaster Preparedness Center
2. Emergency Response Systems
2. National baseline information
and imagery database with DEM
and Hydraulic Models
3. Capacity Building and Training
Programs
4. Sustainable Land Use
Development Planning
5. Community Based Disaster
Management Planning
6. Real-time Access of Disaster
Related Geo-Information

48. More Importantly
We Need:
1: Cooperation: Local, National, Regional, International
2: Cooperation: Government to Government
3: Cooperation: Inter-Government
4: Cooperation: Academic, Private & Public

49. Most Importantly
We Need:
Communication, Cooperation, Coordination and
Collaboration
People to People

50. Let’s put the WEF Nexus into a
safe environment, together!
Disasters
Disasters
Disasters