My Hero
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J. Robin Warren and Barry J. Marshall won the 2005 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering that Helicobacter pylori bacteria are the primary cause of peptic ulcers and some stomach cancers. Their finding that H. pylori infection, not stress, caused most ulcers revolutionized treatment by providing antibiotics as a cure. Though their discovery was initially controversial, they persisted in proving its significance, showing that ulcers and some stomach cancers could now be effectively treated and prevented.
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Edward Jenner was born in 1749 in England and is known as the father of immunology. He discovered the cure for smallpox through observing that milkmaids who had previously contracted cowpox did not get smallpox. Jenner hypothesized that cowpox could be used to cure smallpox. Through experimenting by using cowpox as a vaccination for smallpox, he found his hypothesis to be true. His discovery of vaccination led to vaccines becoming common and saving millions of lives worldwide.
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Edward Jenner discovered that exposure to cowpox provided protection against smallpox. In 1796, he conducted an experiment where he introduced cowpox into a child, who was later exposed to smallpox but did not become ill. Jenner had found that prior exposure to the mild cowpox virus conferred immunity to the more dangerous smallpox virus. This breakthrough led to the development of the smallpox vaccine and marked a major step forward in preventing infectious disease.
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The views expressed in the presentations are that of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Canada. Presentations are shared in the original format received from the presenter.
Presentations given at the Conference to Develop a Federal Framework on Lyme Disease are the property of the author, unless otherwise cited. If you reference the author's work, you must give the author credit by naming the author and their work as well as the place and date it was presented.
For more information, contact the Lyme Disease Conference Secretariat at maladie_lyme_disease@phac-aspc.gc.ca
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The views expressed in the presentations are that of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Canada. Presentations are shared in the original format received from the presenter.
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For more information, contact the Lyme Disease Conference Secretariat at maladie_lyme_disease@phac-aspc.gc.ca
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Les agilistes, développeurs et testeurs seront également être intéressés par ces outils collaboratifs.
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Barry James Marshall is an Australian physician who won the Nobel Prize in Medicine for showing that the bacterium Helicobacter pylori is the cause of most peptic ulcers, challenging the prevailing theory that they were caused by stress and diet. He developed a treatment using antibiotics that can now cure patients before ulcers develop into cancer. Fiona Melanie Wood is a British-born plastic surgeon in Perth, Australia who directs the burns unit at Royal Perth Hospital. She invented spray-on skin to temporarily cover severe burns, reducing the time to grow replacement skin cells from 21 days to just 5 days. Fiona Wood has treated many patients with severe burns and helped remove awful scars, giving them hope.
Nobel Prize winners in the field of Human Physiology.docx
The document summarizes several Nobel Prize winners in the field of human physiology and their contributions to understanding digestion. It discusses Ivan Pavlov and his work on the physiology of digestion and discovery of conditioned reflexes. It describes Barry Marshall and J. Robin Warren who discovered Helicobacter pylori and its role in ulcers. It also mentions John Northrop's work purifying and crystallizing enzymes like pepsin to determine their chemical nature, and Heinrich Wieland who established the molecular structure of bile acids.
Nobel Prize Presentation 2
Robin Warren and Barry Marshall discovered the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. H. pylori is contracted usually during childhood and can remain in the stomach for life if not treated, causing chronic inflammation. It is the primary cause of stomach ulcers in 80-90% of cases. While most infected individuals show no symptoms, H. pylori can potentially lead to stomach cancer if left untreated for a long period of time in some individuals.
Filipino & foriegn scientists
1. The document lists notable Filipino and foreign scientists.
2. The Filipino scientists contributed to areas like nutrition, agriculture, medicine, and technology. Their work helped address issues in the Philippines.
3. The foreign scientists included Anders Celsius, Thomas Edison, Nicolaus Copernicus, and Benjamin Franklin, known for their contributions to astronomy, physics, and invention.
Pathology introduction
Plant pathology is the study of microorganisms and environmental factors that cause plant disease. Major pathogens that can infect plants include viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes, and unfavorable environmental conditions. The potato famine in Ireland was a notable example where the fungus Phytophthora infestans caused a devastating potato blight, resulting in widespread famine. The development of the compound microscope and acceptance of germ theory were important steps in identifying specific microorganisms as the causal agents of plant diseases.
MLSC 417 HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY.ppt
1) The document discusses the history and evolution of microbiology from its early pioneers like Leeuwenhoek and Pasteur to modern classification.
2) It highlights key discoveries such as Leeuwenhoek first observing microorganisms under a microscope. Pasteur later debunked spontaneous generation and established germ theory of disease.
3) Koch further advanced the field with techniques like staining and culturing bacteria, and formulated Koch's postulates for linking microbes to disease. This helped establish microbiology as a science.
MLSC 417 HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY.ppt
1) The document discusses the history and evolution of microbiology from its early pioneers like Leeuwenhoek and Pasteur to modern classification.
2) It highlights key discoveries such as Leeuwenhoek first observing microorganisms under a microscope. Pasteur later debunked spontaneous generation and established germ theory of disease.
3) Koch further advanced the field with techniques like staining and culturing bacteria, and formulated Koch's postulates for linking microbes to disease. This helped establish microbiology as a science.
Campylobacter & helicobacter
The document discusses Campylobacter and Helicobacter bacteria, including how Campylobacter can cause food poisoning and Guillain-Barré syndrome, and how Helicobacter pylori was discovered in the stomach and linked to peptic ulcers. It provides details on the diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infections, noting that a combination of antibiotics along with bismuth is the most effective treatment approach.
Biology - Scientific Method in Action
1. Scientists noticed a nerve disease called beriberi affecting people in the Dutch East Indies. They hypothesized it was caused by bacteria and injected chickens with blood from patients, making the chickens sick. However, control chickens not injected also got sick.
2. Dr. Eijkman noticed the sick chickens were fed polished rice lacking a vitamin, while healthy chickens ate whole grain rice. He found polished rice was deficient in thiamine, necessary for health.
3. Fleming observed a mold growing in some culture dishes inhibited bacteria growth around it. He hypothesized the mold produced an antibacterial chemical and tested this by growing the mold in a solution, then adding the solution to bacteria which died.
Discovery of Penicillin
This presentation highlights on an important discovery i.e. Penicillin antibiotics by Sir Alexander Fleming.
Zika, Denge, Yellow Fever & Syphilis Cause & Care
The document discusses the causes and treatments of various infectious diseases including Zika virus, dengue fever, yellow fever, and syphilis. It describes how Zika virus originated in monkeys in Africa and has spread to humans around the world through human travel. It also explains how mosquitos act as vectors, spreading the diseases by biting infected humans and other animals. The document proposes treatments for Zika and dengue fever that were used successfully in Vietnam in the 1960s, involving antibiotics and corticosteroids to fight secondary infections and reduce inflammation.
20 significantly Brave Leaders who contributed to Medicine | CIO Women Magazine
This document profiles 20 leaders who have significantly contributed to medicine. It describes their accomplishments and impact, including being the first woman to receive an MD degree (Elizabeth Blackwell), discovering the structure of DNA (Rosalind Franklin), developing radioimmunoassay technology (Rosalyn Yalow), discovering nitric oxide signaling (Louis Ignarro), pioneering organ transplantation (Sir Roy Calne), discovering HIV as the cause of AIDS (Francoise Barré-Sinoussi), and more. These leaders advanced fields like genetics, cancer research, transplant medicine, and virology through their pioneering studies.
Pioneers of microbiology
This document summarizes the contributions of pioneering microbiologists including Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Joseph Lister, Edward Jenner, Sergei Winogradsky, Paul Ehrlich, Joshua Lederberg, Salvador Lwoff, Werner Arber, Howard Temin, Luc Montaigner, and Francoise Galo. It describes some of their key discoveries such as microorganisms, pasteurization, germ theory, bacteria that cause diseases, vaccination, restriction enzymes, transduction, lysogeny, and the isolation of HIV. The document provides background information on important figures and concepts in the early history and development of microbiology.
A brief history of great discoveries in pharmacology.pptx
The document provides an overview of 13 Nobel Prize winning discoveries in pharmacology between 1908 and 2015. It discusses the laureates' biographies and summarizes their key discoveries, which include insulin, chemical transmission of nerve impulses, vitamin K, principles of drug treatment like immunosuppressants and cancer drugs, tuberculosis treatments, and prostaglandins. The discoveries revolutionized understandings of diseases, their causes, and new therapeutic approaches in areas like diabetes, infections, bleeding disorders, and inflammation. The document concludes by noting the 2021 Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded for discoveries of temperature and touch receptors.
History Microbiology
This document provides a brief history of microbiology, summarizing key figures and discoveries. It describes how Anton van Leeuwenhoek was the first to observe bacteria under a microscope in 1683. Louis Pasteur coined the term "microbiology" and made breakthroughs in vaccinations and disproving spontaneous generation. Robert Koch developed techniques for culturing pure bacteria and isolated the bacteria that cause tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Paul Ehrlich introduced the concept of chemotherapy with the discovery of Salvarsan to treat syphilis. Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrated the importance of handwashing in preventing childbed fever. Many pioneers in microbiology have been recognized with Nobel Prizes for their seminal contributions
History of Microbiology
Contributions of Various scientist for the development of Microbiology field.
1. Antony Van Leeuwenhoek
2. Edwerd Jenner
3. Louis Pasteur
4. Joseph Lister
5. Robert Koch
6. Paul Ehrlich
7. Alexander Fleming
Microsoft word bs5 bp303-t_pmb_unit_i
This document provides an overview of the history and key concepts of microbiology. It discusses:
1. The early pioneers of microbiology including Antonie van Leeuwenhoek who first observed microorganisms under a microscope in the 1670s, Louis Pasteur who proved the germ theory of disease in the 1850s, and Robert Koch who established standards for identifying pathogenic bacteria in the 1890s.
2. Major discoveries and advances including Jenner developing the smallpox vaccine in 1796, Lister introducing antiseptic surgery in the 1860s, Fleming discovering penicillin in the 1920s, and Ivanovsky and Beijerinck's experiments in the 1890s which led to the
Antibiotics
Antibiotics were discovered accidentally through the work of Alexander Fleming and others studying microbes. Penicillin was the first widely used antibiotic, discovered when Fleming noticed bacteria-free zones around a contaminated mold. Since then, scientists have discovered many classes of antibiotics through soil sampling and culturing microbes, including streptomycin, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin. However, overprescription and misuse have contributed to increased antibiotic resistance, highlighting the need for appropriate usage and new antibiotic development.
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Helicobacter pylori & Nobel Prize in medicine & physiology
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Nobel Prize winners in the field of Human Physiology.docx
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20 significantly Brave Leaders who contributed to Medicine | CIO Women Magazine
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A brief history of great discoveries in pharmacology.pptx
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Jokes Sumedhe
The document contains 4 short jokes or anecdotes:
1. A student responds to an example of transitive property with an inappropriate analogy.
2. A tour guide asks women to be quiet so they can hear the loud Niagara Falls, but misphrases the request.
3. A man has an awkward conversation with another person in the adjacent bathroom stall who asks strange questions.
4. The document contains 4 short jokes or stories.
University Of Peradeniya
The University of Peradeniya is located in the Central Province of Sri Lanka, 6km from Kandy. It sits on the lower slopes of the Hantana mountain range and is bordered by the Mahawali River. Established in 1942 as the University of Ceylon, it became the University of Peradeniya in 1952 and currently has seven faculties, 82 departments, and 9000 students spread across its 10 square kilometer area.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth at 8,848 meters tall. It sits on the border between Nepal, Tibet, and China as part of the Himalayan mountain range. Over 2,000 individuals have reached the summit, while over 200 have died attempting the climb, and Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top in 1953.
Great Wall
The Great Wall of China is the world's longest human-made structure stretching over 6,400 km. Originally constructed to protect China's northern border, it is 7.8 meters high and 5 meters wide, making it one of the largest structures ever built. While many believed the wall could be seen from the moon, American astronaut William Pogue later disproved this claim by observing it was not visible to the naked eye from space.
Food Idioms
This document lists several English idioms related to food and their meanings. It discusses idioms such as "have a finger in the pie" which means being interested in something, "cool as a cucumber" which refers to remaining calm even during difficult situations, and "eat humble pie" which means accepting shame.
Food Idioms By Sumedhe
The document discusses several English food idioms and their meanings, including "eat one's words" which means to take back something said and admit it's not true, "half-baked" which refers to something not well thought out, "salt away" which means to save money, "upset the apple cart" which refers to ruining a plan by surprise, and "out to lunch" which describes someone as crazy or mad.
My Hero[1]
My mother is the author's hero. She is from India and came to Japan alone at age 32 not knowing the language. She faced many challenges as a new mother in a foreign country, such as difficulties finding doctors and healthy food as a vegetarian while pregnant. Despite obstacles with her husband's family and raising children as a single parent at times, she remained brave, positive, and always put her children first by teaching English, cooking dinner, and working after they slept. Now with her kids older, she is studying Japanese with a goal of acting again.
Good Deed
Many donors give blood to help the more than 4.5 million patients who need transfusions each year, as only 5% of eligible people donate in a given year. Donating blood takes about an hour of time and can save lives, as blood is the gift of life for those who need transfusions.
Ppt[1]
This document summarizes the health risks of smoking and efforts to promote non-smoking. It discusses the many harmful chemicals in cigarettes and diseases linked to smoking like heart disease and lung cancer. It also outlines smoking bans in different areas of the United States and events during National Non-Smoking Week in Canada to educate people and encourage quitting smoking. The author's goal is to make others aware of the risks of smoking and prevent classmates from starting to smoke.
Stop Global Warming Jojo
The document discusses the website www.stopglobalwarming.org and its efforts to combat global warming. The website aims to educate people on the causes and effects of global warming and encourage individual and collective action. Global warming is caused by human emissions and is leading to environmental destruction through rising sea levels and temperatures, as well as more frequent extreme weather events and health issues as diseases spread. The website calls on people to pressure leaders and change behaviors to reduce emissions and transition to renewable energy.
NapoléOn Bonaparte (NapoléOn I)
Napoleon Bonaparte was born in 1769 in Corsica to a well-off family. He attended military school in France where he excelled in mathematics. He rose through the ranks of the military during the French Revolution. As a general, he led successful campaigns in Italy and Egypt in the late 1790s, becoming increasingly powerful and influential. In 1804, he crowned himself Emperor of France and sought to expand the French Empire across Europe, though his invasion of Russia in 1812 ended in disaster. After several military defeats, he was exiled to Elba in 1814 and then Saint Helene, where he died in 1821.
Sumi2
The document discusses a project called "Machinto of good deed" that aims to teach children about the harms of war through picture books and art. It notes how wars have negatively impacted regions like Vietnam through toxic legacies and violence against civilians like young girls being ordered to strip and rape before being killed. The project hopes to help still crying "little birds" worldwide and discuss what can be done for them through learning and creating picture books to present to other affected children.
Kimchi
Many volunteers in Korea come together at the end of November each year to make kimchi for families who cannot afford to do so themselves. Charity organizations and local representatives hold kimchi making events where volunteers participate happily in order to provide kimchi to poor households for the winter. These kinds of charitable acts can be found all over the world in organizations like food banks, demonstrating that good deeds are possible anywhere.
Franz Good Deeds
Operation Christmas Child is a project that provides gift-filled shoeboxes to needy children around the world during Christmas. The project aims to bring happiness to children affected by war, natural disasters, poverty, illness, or neglect who have nothing. Participants can help by packing a shoebox with toys, school supplies and noting whether the gift is for a boy or girl within a certain age range. The wrapped shoeboxes should then be dropped off at a collection center. This allows people to help brighten the holidays for children in difficult situations.
Joseph's presentation
The Phi Ta Khon tradition dates back to a generous king who was driven out of his town for giving away valuable gifts. When he took his family into the forest, the local spirits respected him so much that they formed a procession to see him off when he returned to rule. Today the Phi Ta Khon festival is celebrated in many districts of Loei province, featuring a ghostly procession that teases onlookers as it makes its way to the temple, similar to Halloween celebrations in the West. The next Phi Ta Khon festival will take place on June 20-21 in Dansai County, Loei.
Yerin's presenation
This document discusses common idioms related to being scared or frightened. It lists idioms such as "I was scared to death", "I jumped out of my skin", and "What a hair raising story" to describe feeling fear. It also includes the idiom "She got ants in her pants" to mean feeling restless or energetic, and refers to someone's "Achilles' heel" to indicate their weakness.
Sebastien
The Police was formed in 1977 in London as a rock band influenced by reggae, punk and jazz. They became famous in the early 1980s for hits like "Roxanne" and won several Grammys before breaking up in 1984 to pursue solo careers. However, they reunited for some concerts in 1986 and again in 2007 for a world tour celebrating their 30th anniversary and first single "Roxanne". The band achieved significant commercial success and awards before and after reuniting.
Shaun's presentation
Queen was a legendary British rock band formed in 1971. The band was composed of Freddie Mercury as lead singer, Brian May on guitar, Roger Taylor on drums, and John Deacon on bass. Some of Queen's most popular albums included A Night at the Opera, A Day at the Races, News of the World, and The Game. Freddie Mercury's powerful vocals and their blending of styles such as progressive rock and heavy metal made Queen stand out. While the band had great success in the 1970s and 1980s, Freddie Mercury passed away in 1991 from AIDS complications. Queen left a lasting legacy and influence on rock music.
Beckham Shaun
David Beckham had a 3 hour training in the morning which he found easy. He had an interview for a position with L.A Galaxy which he was confident would go well given his skills and reputation. After the interview, he looked forward to his first game in the U.S. where he hoped to lead his team to victory before enjoying dinner with his wife Victoria.
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The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
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My Hero
- 1. My Hero
- 4. What important discovery did they find?
- 5. Helicobacter pylori in electron microscope
- 6. The process of infection
- 12. Thank You!