A mutual fund is a type of investment vehicle that pools money from many investors to purchase securities like stocks, bonds, and other assets. The money collected is invested in capital market instruments and managed by professional fund managers, providing diversification and lower costs than direct investing for individual investors. There are several types of mutual funds including open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, as well as funds classified by their principal investments like money market funds, bond funds, stock funds, and hybrid funds.

2. MUTUAL FUND

3. Mutual fund
1. It is a type of professionally-managed type collective investment
scheme that pools money from many investors.
2. The money thus collected is then invested in capital market
instruments such as shares, debentures, and other securities.
3. Thus a mutual fund is the most suitable investment for the common
man as it offers an opportunity to invest in a diversified professionally
managed basket of securities at a relatively lower cost.

5. :
Advantages of mutual
fund
Mutual funds have advantages compared to direct investing in individual
securities.[3] These include
•Increased diversification
•Daily liquidity
•Professional investment management
•Ability to participate in investments that may be available
only to larger investors
•Service and convenience
•Government oversight
•Ease of comparison

6. •Fees
Disadvantages of mutual fund
Mutual funds have disadvantages as well, which include
•Less control over timing of recognition of gains
•Less predictable income
•No opportunity to customize

7. [
TYPES OF MUTUAL FUND
1. Open-end funds
Open-end mutual funds must be willing to buy back their
shares from their investors at the end of every business day at the
net asset value computed that day. Most open-end funds also sell
shares to the public every business day; these shares are also priced
at net asset value .
2 Closed-end funds
Closed-end funds generally issue shares to the public
only once, when they are created through an initial public offering.
Their shares are then listed for trading on a stock exchange .

8. ]
3 Unit investment trusts
Unit investment trusts or UITs issue shares to the public only
once, when they are created. Investors can redeem shares directly
with the fund (as with an open-end fund) or they may also be able to
sell their shares in the market .

9. Investments and classification
Mutual funds are classified by their principal investments. The
four largest categories of funds are money market funds, bond or fixed
income funds, stock or equity funds and hybrid funds.

10. 1.Money market funds
Money market funds invest in money market instruments, which are
fixed income securities with a very short time to maturity and high credit quality.
Investors often use money market funds as a substitute for bank savings
accounts, though money market funds are not government insured, unlike bank
savings accounts.
2.Bond funds
Bond funds invest in fixed income securities. Bond funds can be
sub classified according to the specific types of bonds owned (such as
high-yield or junk bonds, investment-grade corporate bonds, government
bonds or municipal bonds) or by the maturity of the bonds held (short-,
intermediate- or long-term).

11. ).
3.Stock or equity funds
Stock or equity funds invest in common stocks. They may
focus on a specific industry or sector.
4.Hybrid funds
Hybrid funds invest in both bonds and stocks or in convertible
securities. Balanced funds, asset allocation funds, target date or target risk
funds and lifecycle or lifestyle funds are all types of hybrid funds.