Why Post Harvest Management and cold chain is applied to Perishable produce. Basics of Post harvest care. What packaging is required, what kind of food safety is required, contamination and tainting, HAACP control. Download from www.crosstree.info
Indoor plants lighten up your home, or office. It is essential that you care for them regularly. Taking care of indoor plants is particularly essential during winter months when an insignificant sum of sunshine gets through the window.
Why Post Harvest Management and cold chain is applied to Perishable produce. Basics of Post harvest care. What packaging is required, what kind of food safety is required, contamination and tainting, HAACP control. Download from www.crosstree.info
Indoor plants lighten up your home, or office. It is essential that you care for them regularly. Taking care of indoor plants is particularly essential during winter months when an insignificant sum of sunshine gets through the window.
Does Temperature Impact Mold Growth.pdfEdwinMaynard1
While mold grows best in warm temperatures, this does not always imply that it will only flourish in the warmer months and die in the cold season. The temperature significantly affects how mold develops, but this is not a weather issue. Mold can flourish all year if the conditions are favorable. The fungi M will grow as long as there is moisture and a small amount of warmth, however negligible. Mold is unpleasant to the senses, unappealing, and hazardous to your health. Acknowledging the precise locations to check year-round during various seasons can assist you in removing the risk of Mold before a disaster befalls your home.
Even with proper aeration, grain can only be stored for a limited time. It will deteriorate faster as temperature and moisture content increase. The allowable storage time is based on the length of time corn can be stored before losing 0.5 percent of dry matter. With this amount of dry matter decomposition, it is assumed that the corn loses some quality.
PHYSICAL METHODS OF INSECT CONTROL.pptxpersisherald1
PHYSICAL METHODS OF INSECT CONTROL
Manipulation of temperature:
Application of heat :
Eg: For most stored grain insects the temperature of 25-330 C is optimal for development
Stored grain insects will die at higher than 35°C
Exposure to sun: Exposing infested grain to the sun kills stored grain insects in the adult and pupal stage.
Treatment of sugarcane setts with heat kills the scale insects carried over through the setts.
Superheating: of empty godowns to a temperature above 500 C
for 10 - 12 hours kills the hibernating stored grain pests.
Application of cold
The first use of cold temperatures was in 1889 to control apple maggots. All eggs and larvae of apple maggots were killed at 00 C.
Low temperature (below 4 ºC) makes the insects inactive.
Cold storage (1 - 2°C for 12 - 20 days) of fruits and vegetables kills fruit flies.
Stored grains pests are killed when stored grains are exposed to subzero temperatures.
Manipulation of moisture
Raising or lowering the moisture content of food and other material creates unfavorable conditions for insect pests.
Drying grains (moisture content < 10%) prevents insect damage by stored grain pests.
Draining stagnant water kills the breeding mosquitoes.
Draining of water from paddy field for 3-5 day is useful to control BPH and paddy case worm
Flooding the field for the control of cutworms, white grubs, termites etc.
Manipulation of light
Light trapping: It is useful for monitoring of insect pests in an area.
The UV lamp is used to attract nocturnal insects.
Manipulation of air:
Eggs and adults of pulse beetle die when exposed to 100% CO2 at 320 C and relative humidity of 70%.
Increasing the CO2 concentration in controlled atmosphere of stored grains to cause asphyxiation in stored product pests.
Carbon dioxide under high pressure is found to be effective against stored grain pests.
Use of sound:
By producing sound waves some insects/birds/rodents can be influenced.
➢ Ultrsonic sound waves can be used against nocturnal insects like mosquitoes and cockroaches.
➢ Birds and rodents that thrive on grains can be scared by producing sounds.
Producing alarming signals:
By producing dreadful sounds of bird's enemies, birds may go away from that area.
Use of frightening devices: eg. Birds
Use of Abrasive dusts
Applying ash over aphid infested plant parts reduce its incidence.
Drie-Die: This is a porous finely divided silica gel causes abrasion of the insect cuticle and the loss of moisture from its body, resulting into its death. It is used against stored pests.
Temperature acts on insects in 2 fold manner:
By acting directly on survival and development.
Indirectly through food, humidity, rainfall, wind etc.
MOISTURE/HUMIDITY
Light
Rainfall
NUTRITIONAL FACTORS
Insects are heterotrophic :-
- cannot synthesize their own food.
- depend on plants for food .
The quantity and quality of food/nutrition plays important role in survival, longevity, distribution, reproduction and speed of development
a. Quantity of food
- Short supply of food causes intraspecific and interspecific competition
- Also affects parasitoids and predators of insects hosts whose food is of short supply
b. Quality of food
- This depends on nutritional availability of plants - Crop varieties/species differ in nutritional status which affects insects
Protected cultivation and pest managementKishore S. M
Protected cultivation becomes new sensation for growing crops and vegetables so management of pests is one of the major issue into consideration. This presentation gives a recent strategies of pest management.
Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
In questo evento online gratuito, organizzato dalla Community Italiana di UiPath, potrai esplorare le nuove funzionalità di Autopilot, il tool che integra l'Intelligenza Artificiale nei processi di sviluppo e utilizzo delle Automazioni.
📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
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Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
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Flavio Martinelli, UiPath MVP 2023, Technical Account Manager @UiPath
Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
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Does Temperature Impact Mold Growth.pdfEdwinMaynard1
While mold grows best in warm temperatures, this does not always imply that it will only flourish in the warmer months and die in the cold season. The temperature significantly affects how mold develops, but this is not a weather issue. Mold can flourish all year if the conditions are favorable. The fungi M will grow as long as there is moisture and a small amount of warmth, however negligible. Mold is unpleasant to the senses, unappealing, and hazardous to your health. Acknowledging the precise locations to check year-round during various seasons can assist you in removing the risk of Mold before a disaster befalls your home.
Even with proper aeration, grain can only be stored for a limited time. It will deteriorate faster as temperature and moisture content increase. The allowable storage time is based on the length of time corn can be stored before losing 0.5 percent of dry matter. With this amount of dry matter decomposition, it is assumed that the corn loses some quality.
PHYSICAL METHODS OF INSECT CONTROL.pptxpersisherald1
PHYSICAL METHODS OF INSECT CONTROL
Manipulation of temperature:
Application of heat :
Eg: For most stored grain insects the temperature of 25-330 C is optimal for development
Stored grain insects will die at higher than 35°C
Exposure to sun: Exposing infested grain to the sun kills stored grain insects in the adult and pupal stage.
Treatment of sugarcane setts with heat kills the scale insects carried over through the setts.
Superheating: of empty godowns to a temperature above 500 C
for 10 - 12 hours kills the hibernating stored grain pests.
Application of cold
The first use of cold temperatures was in 1889 to control apple maggots. All eggs and larvae of apple maggots were killed at 00 C.
Low temperature (below 4 ºC) makes the insects inactive.
Cold storage (1 - 2°C for 12 - 20 days) of fruits and vegetables kills fruit flies.
Stored grains pests are killed when stored grains are exposed to subzero temperatures.
Manipulation of moisture
Raising or lowering the moisture content of food and other material creates unfavorable conditions for insect pests.
Drying grains (moisture content < 10%) prevents insect damage by stored grain pests.
Draining stagnant water kills the breeding mosquitoes.
Draining of water from paddy field for 3-5 day is useful to control BPH and paddy case worm
Flooding the field for the control of cutworms, white grubs, termites etc.
Manipulation of light
Light trapping: It is useful for monitoring of insect pests in an area.
The UV lamp is used to attract nocturnal insects.
Manipulation of air:
Eggs and adults of pulse beetle die when exposed to 100% CO2 at 320 C and relative humidity of 70%.
Increasing the CO2 concentration in controlled atmosphere of stored grains to cause asphyxiation in stored product pests.
Carbon dioxide under high pressure is found to be effective against stored grain pests.
Use of sound:
By producing sound waves some insects/birds/rodents can be influenced.
➢ Ultrsonic sound waves can be used against nocturnal insects like mosquitoes and cockroaches.
➢ Birds and rodents that thrive on grains can be scared by producing sounds.
Producing alarming signals:
By producing dreadful sounds of bird's enemies, birds may go away from that area.
Use of frightening devices: eg. Birds
Use of Abrasive dusts
Applying ash over aphid infested plant parts reduce its incidence.
Drie-Die: This is a porous finely divided silica gel causes abrasion of the insect cuticle and the loss of moisture from its body, resulting into its death. It is used against stored pests.
Temperature acts on insects in 2 fold manner:
By acting directly on survival and development.
Indirectly through food, humidity, rainfall, wind etc.
MOISTURE/HUMIDITY
Light
Rainfall
NUTRITIONAL FACTORS
Insects are heterotrophic :-
- cannot synthesize their own food.
- depend on plants for food .
The quantity and quality of food/nutrition plays important role in survival, longevity, distribution, reproduction and speed of development
a. Quantity of food
- Short supply of food causes intraspecific and interspecific competition
- Also affects parasitoids and predators of insects hosts whose food is of short supply
b. Quality of food
- This depends on nutritional availability of plants - Crop varieties/species differ in nutritional status which affects insects
Protected cultivation and pest managementKishore S. M
Protected cultivation becomes new sensation for growing crops and vegetables so management of pests is one of the major issue into consideration. This presentation gives a recent strategies of pest management.
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Mushroom growing in cold Room-Awotech.pdf
1. M U S H R O O M G R O W I N G I N
C O L D R O O M
A W O T E C H P R E S E N T A T I O N
Dr.Hemendra Yadav
2. Absolutely, cultivating mushrooms in a cold room
presents unique challenges and opportunities for
growers. The process involves specific
environmental conditions, methods, and
considerations to ensure successful mushroom
cultivation. Let's explore the conduction to grow
mushrooms in a cold room in detail.
M U S H R O O M I N C O L D
R O O M
3. Mushrooms are fungi that require specific
conditions to thrive. While many types of
mushrooms prefer warmer environments, several
species can grow in cooler temperatures typically
found in cold rooms. Controlling factors like
temperature, humidity, and airflow is crucial to
cultivating mushrooms successfully.
U N D E R S T A N D I N G T H E
B A S I C S :
4. I D E A L C O N D I T I O N S F O R C O L D R O O M
M U S H R O O M C U L T I V A T I O N :
Temperature: Cold rooms generally maintain
temperatures between 2°C to 10°C (35°F to 50°F). This
range suits certain mushroom species like oyster
mushrooms, shiitake, and some varieties of the button
mushroom family.
Humidity: Mushrooms thrive in high humidity. Aim for a
humidity level between 80% to 95% in your cold room.
Regular misting or installing a humidifier can help maintain
adequate moisture.
Airflow and Ventilation: While a cold room retains low temperatures, proper airflow is vital to prevent stagnant air. Good
ventilation ensures the removal of carbon dioxide and replenishment of oxygen, crucial for mushroom growth.
5. S T E P S T O G R O W M U S H R O O M S I N A
C O L D R O O M :
Choose Suitable Mushroom Species: Select varieties that
thrive in colder temperatures. Oyster mushrooms,
shiitake, and some strains of button mushrooms are well-
suited for cold room cultivation.
Prepare Substrate: Mushrooms grow on various
substrates like straw, sawdust, or compost. Ensure the
substrate is properly sterilized to prevent contamination.
Mix in mushroom spawn to initiate growth.
6. Maintain Temperature: Monitor and regulate the
cold room temperature within the suitable range
for the chosen mushroom species. Use heaters or
coolers as necessary to adjust temperatures.
Provide Adequate Humidity: Install humidifiers or
mist regularly to maintain high humidity levels.
Covering the growing area with plastic sheeting
can help retain moisture.
7. Ensure Proper Ventilation: Set up fans or vents to
ensure proper air circulation without
compromising the cold room's temperature.
Stagnant air can lead to issues like mold growth.
Monitor Growth and Harvest: Mushrooms
typically take a few weeks to mature. Regularly
inspect for signs of growth, and once they reach
maturity, harvest them by gently twisting or
cutting them off at the base.
8. C H A L L E N G E S A N D
C O N S I D E R A T I O N S :
Contamination: Cold rooms can harbor various contaminants. Ensure proper sterilization of equipment and substrates to prevent
contamination.
Temperature Fluctuations: Maintaining consistent temperatures in a cold room can be challenging. Regular monitoring and
adjustments may be necessary.
Light Exposure: Mushrooms don’t require light for growth, but too much light in a cold room can disrupt their development. Ensure
minimal exposure to light.
9. C O N C L U S I O N
:
Growing mushrooms in a cold room requires meticulous attention to
temperature, humidity, and airflow. By selecting suitable mushroom species,
maintaining ideal conditions, and addressing challenges, growers can
successfully cultivate mushrooms in colder environments. With proper care
and monitoring, a cold room can be a viable space for a flourishing mushroom
cultivation operation.