Controlled languages simplify writing by restricting grammar, style, and vocabulary. They facilitate translation by making documents more uniform and reducing ambiguity. Organizations implement controlled languages to improve readability, translation efficiency, and the performance of machine translation systems. Controlled authoring tools help enforce rules and provide metrics, supporting improved quality and productivity.
Anyone who has worked long enough on the service provider side of the translation business knows that translation buyers typically only have two types of translation projects: the ones that are urgent and the ones that were due yesterday. As most commercial translation projects are closely linked to the effort of selling a product or service in international markets, the time required for translation can mean lost revenue due to the inability to generate sales in a given market. While many in our industry consider lengthy turnaround times for high-quality human translation a given, there are, in fact, many steps translation buyers can take to expedite the delivery of their most time-sensitive projects.
Choosing the English That’s Right for You: Simplified Technical English and O...Scott Abel
Presented at Documentation and Training East 2008 (October 29-November 1, 2008) by Brenda Huettner and Alison Huettner.
Simplified Technical English (STE) is a success story for the aerospace industry. Will a simplified English work for your industry as well? This session explores the rationale behind simplified languages, their advantages and their perennial challenges. It surveys controlled languages from their beginnings to the offerings in today’s marketplace. The session will also cover the questions you need to ask to determine what’s right for your situation. Do you need to simplify? Can you adapt an existing language or lexicon? Or should you define your own set of rules and phrases? Where should you begin? What effort would be required?
Anyone who has worked long enough on the service provider side of the translation business knows that translation buyers typically only have two types of translation projects: the ones that are urgent and the ones that were due yesterday. As most commercial translation projects are closely linked to the effort of selling a product or service in international markets, the time required for translation can mean lost revenue due to the inability to generate sales in a given market. While many in our industry consider lengthy turnaround times for high-quality human translation a given, there are, in fact, many steps translation buyers can take to expedite the delivery of their most time-sensitive projects.
Choosing the English That’s Right for You: Simplified Technical English and O...Scott Abel
Presented at Documentation and Training East 2008 (October 29-November 1, 2008) by Brenda Huettner and Alison Huettner.
Simplified Technical English (STE) is a success story for the aerospace industry. Will a simplified English work for your industry as well? This session explores the rationale behind simplified languages, their advantages and their perennial challenges. It surveys controlled languages from their beginnings to the offerings in today’s marketplace. The session will also cover the questions you need to ask to determine what’s right for your situation. Do you need to simplify? Can you adapt an existing language or lexicon? Or should you define your own set of rules and phrases? Where should you begin? What effort would be required?
01.Low Level Languages
02.High Level Languages
03. Machine Language
04. Assembly language
05.Third Generation Languages
06. Fourth Generation Languages
07. 5TH GENERATION
Want to know how programming works? how it helps the human being with their everyday work? well you can easily find the answers to those questions that are in your minds. Programming, well it is a kind of software that can make games, applications, movies and a lot more. For a start, programming can help us students with our home works and such stuffs. and now, we can learn more about the different languages used in programming, program life cycle, rules and symbols used and its level. Let us discover how programming works!
Introduction to .NET
.NET Architecture and factors
Code conversion in .NET
C# Language
Text to speech(TTS) converter
Steps for TTS Converter process
Architecture of TTS converter
Other features
Applications
Advantages
Limitations and future scope
Snapshots of the project
Software is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function. A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem.
01.Low Level Languages
02.High Level Languages
03. Machine Language
04. Assembly language
05.Third Generation Languages
06. Fourth Generation Languages
07. 5TH GENERATION
Want to know how programming works? how it helps the human being with their everyday work? well you can easily find the answers to those questions that are in your minds. Programming, well it is a kind of software that can make games, applications, movies and a lot more. For a start, programming can help us students with our home works and such stuffs. and now, we can learn more about the different languages used in programming, program life cycle, rules and symbols used and its level. Let us discover how programming works!
Introduction to .NET
.NET Architecture and factors
Code conversion in .NET
C# Language
Text to speech(TTS) converter
Steps for TTS Converter process
Architecture of TTS converter
Other features
Applications
Advantages
Limitations and future scope
Snapshots of the project
Software is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function. A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
When stars align: studies in data quality, knowledge graphs, and machine lear...
Controlled Language
1. strategy
Controlled language – does
my company need it?
Controlled languages use basic writing rules to simplify sentence structure. Here is how they work and how your
company can benefit from introducing a controlled language.
Photo: Kellie Folkerts
16 APRIL 2009
2. strategy
By Uwe Muegge
EXAMPLES OF ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE
CREATED A CONTROLLED LANGUAGE
What is control-
led language? Alcatel: Controlled English Grammar (COGRAM)
Avaya: Avaya Controlled English (ACE)
A controlled language is a natu- Caterpillar: Caterpillar Technical English (CTE), Caterpil-
ral language, as opposed to an lar Fundamental English (CFE)
artificial or constructed language. Dassault Aerospace: Français Rationalisé
Natural languages such as Ericsson: Ericsson English
English or German are languages General Motors (GM): Controlled Automotive Service
that are used by humans for gen- Language (CASL)
eral communication. A controlled IBM: Easy English
language differs from the general Kodak: International Service Language
language in two significant ways: Nortel: Nortel Standard English (NSE)
1. The grammar rules of a Océ: Controlled English
controlled language are typically Siemens: Siemens DokumentationsDeutsch
more restrictive than those of the Scania: Scania Swedish
general language. Sun Microsystems: Sun Controlled English
2. The vocabulary of a control- Xerox: Xerox Multilingual Customized English
led language typically contains
only a fraction of the words that
are permissible in the general
language.
As a result, authors who use a controlled
language have fewer choices available when
writing a text. For example, the sentence “Check Eliminating translation Enhancing comprehensibility
the spelling of a paper before publishing it” is a One of the most widely used controlled lan- Helping authors avoid both semantic and
perfectly acceptable sentence in general English. guages today is ASD-STE100 Simplified Technical syntactic ambiguity has been recognized as a
Using CLOUT™, a controlled language rule set English, also known as Simplified English. Simpli- goal worth pursuing in and by itself, especially
developed by the author of this article, the fied English was originally developed by the in the domain of technical communication.
sample sentence would have to be rewritten as European Association of Aerospace Manufactur- Some organizations are deploying a controlled
“You must check the spelling of your document ers (AECMA) in the 1980s. The main purpose language for the sole purpose of improving the
before you publish that document” to comply of Simplified English was to create a variant of user experience of a product or service on the
with rules regarding vocabulary, active voice, Standard English that aircraft engineers with only domestic market.
use of articles, and avoidance of pronouns. a limited command of English could understand,
thereby eliminating the need to translate mainte-
nance manuals into foreign languages.
Why do we need Common features
controlled languages? Streamlining translation A common characteristic of controlled languages
Within the localization industry, many people is the fact that very little information about their
Facilitating language learning familiar with the controlled language concept rule sets and vocabularies is freely available. This
When C.K. Ogden developed Basic English in associate it with automating the translation proc- is not really surprising considering that a control-
1930 – probably the first controlled language – ess. In fact, it typically comes as a surprise that led language can provide an organization with a
the developer had the explicit goal of dramati- controlled languages can and have been used for distinct advantage over its competitors.
cally reducing the 5+ years it takes to master purposes other than making the translation proc- Apart form that, you will find very few similarities
Standard English. Based on a vocabulary that ess more efficient. By restricting both vocabulary between controlled languages. Nortel Standard
contains 850 essential words (for comparison, and style, using a controlled language typically English, for instance, has only a little over a dozen
the Oxford English Dictionary defines more than improves match rates in translation memory envi- rules, while Caterpillar Technical English consists
600.000 words), Basic English is designed to be ronments and translation quality in (rules-based) of more than ten times as many. And a recent
acquired in a few weeks only. machine translation environments. comparative analysis of eight controlled English
17
APRIL 2009
3. strategy
languages found that the number of shared controlled-language source documents typically granularity. In other words: There is too much
features was exactly one, i.e. a preference for have higher match rates when processed in a variability within these topics!
short sentences. translation memory system. Higher match rates
Controlled authoring
mean lower translation cost and higher transla-
Why should I use a for translation memory
tion speed.
controlled language? Some controlled languages have been specifi-
systems
cally designed with machine translation in mind,
Here is why it makes sense for your company to e.g. Caterpillar Technical English or the Control- Writing in a controlled language reduces vari-
use a controlled language: led Language Optimized for Uniform Translation ability, especially if the controlled language not
CLOUT. Using a controlled language customized only covers grammar, style, and vocabulary, but
Improved usability for a specific machine translation system will also function.
Documents that are more readable and more significantly improve the quality of machine- In a functional approach to controlled language
comprehensible improve the usability of a generated translation proposals and dramatically authoring, there are specific rules for text func-
product or service and reduce the number of reduce the time and cost associated with a hu- tions such as instruction, result, or warning mes-
support calls. man translator or editor. sage. Here are two simple examples for functional
controlled language rules:
Objective metrics and author support
Impacts on translation
Tools-driven controlled language environments
enable the automation of many editing tasks and Even in environments that combine content Text function: Instruction
provide objective quality metrics for the author- management systems with translation memory Pattern: Verb (infinitive) + article + object +
ing process. Controlled-language environments technology, the percentage of untranslated seg- punctuation mark.
also provide authors with powerful tools that ments can still remain fairly high in new projects. Example: Click the button.
give them objective and structured support in This can be a major challenge for organizations
a typically rather subjective and unstructured that wish to reduce the cost and time involved Text function: Result
environment. in the translation of their materials. While it is Pattern: Article + object + verb (present
certainly possible to manage content on the tense) + punctuation mark.
Lower translation costs sentence/segment level, the current best practice Example: The window “Expense Report”
As controlled-language texts are more uniform seems to be to chunk at the topic level. This appears.
and standardized than uncontrolled ones, means that reuse occurs at a fairly high level of
Enter
the Eastern
Europe
Localization
Translation
Quality assurance
Project management
DTP
+7 (495) 913 6653
www.janus.ru, management@janus.ru
Russia Ukraine Kazakhstan Germany
ISO 9001:2000 certified
18 APRIL 2009
4. strategy
Do I have to develop
Implementing functional controlled language or French > English and watch how Systran’s free
my own controlled
rules will enable authors to write text in which machine translation system turns a complete
sentences with the same function have a very website into a fully navigable, highly compre-
language?
high degree of similarity. This not only makes hensible virtual English site in real time. Click on
sentence modules reusable within and across Not at all! Today, many organizations that wish to the link Controlled Language/Rules for Machine
topics in a content management system, it also reap the benefits of controlled-language author- to see ten sample CLOUT writing rules that have
dramatically improves match rates in a translation ing opt for a software-driven solution that comes a high impact on the comprehensibility and
memory system. with a built-in set of grammar and style rules. (machine) translatability of instructional text in
Software-driven rules checking English.
Systems like acrolinx IQ Suite, IAI CLAT, or Tedopres
Controlled authoring HyperSTE have enabled thousands of organiza-
for rules-based machine tions to improve the quality and productivity of References:
their authoring and translation processes. In a
translation systems software-driven authoring environment, organi- Ogden, Charles Kay. 1930. Basic English: A
zations don’t have to maintain the staff of highly General Introduction with Rules and Grammar.
While uniformity is the decisive factor in improv- trained linguistic experts needed to develop London : Treber, 1930.
ing efficiency in a traditional translation memory and deploy a proprietary controlled language.
environment, reducing ambiguity in the source Instead, the organization simply selects the rules Basic English Institute 1996. Ogden’s Basic
text makes machine translation more productive. that are most suitable for a given content type English Word List. Ogden’s Basic English. [Online]
The problem that rules-based machine transla- from a set of preexisting writing rules. Typically, [Cited: February 3, 2009.] http://ogden.basic-
tion systems like Systran struggle with, is the fact these checking tools support the definition of english.org/words.html.
that in uncontrolled source texts, the (grammati- multiple sets of rules for multiple types of content
cal) relationship between the words in a sentence (e.g. stricter rules for user documentation than for AeroSpace and Defence Industries Associa-
is not always clear. To enable rules-based knowledge base articles). tion of Europe. 2005. ASD-STE100 - Simplified
machine translation systems to generate better Terminology management support Technical English - International Specification for
translations, the controlled language needs to From a technology standpoint, it is relatively the Preparation of Maintenance Documentation
have rules like the following that helps the ma- easy to implement the rules part of a controlled in a Controlled Language. ESSAS Electronic Sup-
chine translation system to successfully identify language; the terminology part is typically more porting System for ASD Standardization. [Online]
the part of speech of each word in a sentence: labor intensive. It is certainly true that many 2005. [Cited: February 3, 2009.] http://www.asd-
controlled language software solutions include stan.org/sales/asdocs.asp.
a module for collecting terminology, but still the
task of creating a corporate dictionary, which is O’Brien, Sharon. 2003. Controlling Control-
what this job amounts to, might be a daunt- led English: An Analysis of Several Controlled
Write sentences that have articles before ing one. Not only will all synonyms among the Language Rule Sets. Machine Translation Archive.
nouns, where possible. possibly thousands of terms in use within the [Online] 2003. [Cited: February 3, 2009.] http://
Do not write: Click button to launch organization have to be identified, but these www.mt-archive.info/CLT-2003-Obrien.pdf.
program. synonyms will also have to be categorized into
Write: Click the button to launch the preferred and deprecated (do not use) terms.
contact
program. While creating a corporate dictionary may be a
challenge, once it is available, that dictionary may
Write sentences that repeat the noun also be the feature most valued by the users of Uwe Muegge is the Direc-
instead of writing a pronoun. the controlled language system. tor of MedL10N, the life
Do not write: The button expands into a science division of CSOFT.
window when you click it. He is currently a member
Examples of controlled
Write: The button expands into a window of TC37 at the International
language
when you click the button. Organization for Standardi-
zation (ISO) and teaches
To see an implementation of a simple controlled graduate courses in Terminology Management
language designed for machine translation, visit and Computer-Assisted Translation at the
the author’s website at www.muegge.cc. The Monterey Institute of International Studies
With rules in place that mitigate the weaknesses entire site was written in CLOUT, the Controlled
of rules-based machine translation systems, Language Optimized for Machine Translation. On uwe.muegge@medl10n.com
the quality of their output is bound to improve the home page, click on any of the language www.medl10n.com
dramatically. combinations into English, i.e. German > English
19
APRIL 2009