Mucormycosis or black fungus
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This document discusses mucormycosis, also known as black fungus, which is a life-threatening fungal infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. It affects those with uncontrolled diabetes, those on steroid therapies, organ or bone marrow transplant patients, and hospital patients being treated for diseases like COVID-19 using steroids. The most common forms are rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis seen in diabetic patients on steroids, and pulmonary mucormycosis. Successful treatment requires reversal of risk factors, early diagnosis typically via biopsy and histopathology, antifungal therapy, and surgical debridement.
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Mucormycosis or black fungus
- 1. www.presentationgo.com MUCORMYCOSIS or (BLACK FUNGUS) Dr.Biju.K.S Senior Medical Officer, Vieroots Wellness Solutions
- 2. www.presentationgo.com MUCORMYCOSIS or (BLACK FUNGUS) Mucomycosis represents a group of life threatening infections caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Mucormycosis is highly invasive and relentlessly progressive,resulting in higher rate of morbidity and mortality than many other infections. These fungus are present everywhere in the environment, to which humans are constantly exposed.
- 3. www.presentationgo.com MUCORMYCOSIS usually affects Those with uncontrolled diabetes undergoing steroid therapies or those who have diabetic ketoacidosis During organ/bone-marrow transplantation settings As a hospital acquired disease during the treatment of various diseases like Covid-19, using steroids Those regularly uses immunosuppressants
- 5. www.presentationgo.com Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis Pain in Eyes Vision Loss Fascial Pain Chemosis Sinusitis Vision Loss Necrosis of tissues Vision Loss Bilateral Proptosis Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis ● Most common form of Mucormycosis ● Usually seen in Diabetes Patients with steroid use ● After Bone marrow/Organ transplant settings Symptoms
- 6. www.presentationgo.com Pulmonary Mucormycosis Cough Vision Loss Chest Pain Cavitation Dyspnoea Vision Loss Necrosis of tissues Hemoptysis Pleural Effusion Lobar Consolidation ● Second most common form of Mucormycosis ● Should distinguish it from Aspergillosis, at the earliest. ● HRCT- Investigation of choice Symptoms
- 7. www.presentationgo.com Cutaneous Mucormycosis Cellulitis Ulceration Necrosis Erythema ● Can get infected from externally- after injury, catheterization, injection sites ● Can also get infected from internally- hematogenous dissemination Symptoms
- 8. www.presentationgo.com Gastro-Intestinal Mucormycosis Distension of abdomen Vision Loss Nausea Abdominal Pain Vision Loss GI Bleeding Vomiting Fungating Mass Visceral Perforation ● Seen in immunocompromised individuals. ● Infection, mainly from hospital GI procedures. ● High mortality rate Symptoms
- 9. www.presentationgo.com Disseminated form of Mucormycosis Trachea Bones Kidneys ● May originate from any primary site of infection ● Most common site is brain. ● High mortality rate- almost 100% Miscellaneous form of Mucormycosis ● May affect any body sites, including... Peritoneum Mediastinum
- 10. www.presentationgo.com Biopsy & HistoPathology HRCT MRI Biopsy and Histopathology remains the most sensitive and specific investigation for a definitive diagnosis Useful in Pulmonary type of Mucormycosis Highly sensitive in detecting Orbital and CNS variety of Mucormycosis Diagnostic Methods
- 12. 12 Reversal of underlying predisposing risk factors Early Diagnosis Antifungal Therapy Surgical Debridement 1 2 3 4 Treatment Successful treatment of mucormycosis requires 4 steps
- 13. 13 Thank You Feel free to contact at drbijuks@vieroots.com References: 1. HARRISONS’S Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th edn; Vol-2 2. API Text Book of Medicine, 10th edn; Vol.2