This document provides information about muscles of the back and shoulder region in three parts: 1. It identifies and classifies the main muscles of the back into superficial and deep layers, listing the muscles in each layer. 2. It discusses the origins, insertions, nerve supply and actions of key muscles in the back and shoulder region, including trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboid minor and major. 3. It describes the rotator cuff muscles, their roles in shoulder movement and common causes of rotator cuff pain. The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and sub

1. (
‫ه‬‫َال‬‫و‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ‫وا‬ُ‫ن‬َ‫م‬‫آ‬ َ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬‫ه‬‫ال‬ ُ ‫ه‬
‫َّللا‬ ِ‫ع‬َ‫ف‬ْ‫ر‬َ‫ي‬
‫وا‬ُ‫ت‬‫و‬
ُ
‫أ‬ َ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬
‫َات‬‫ج‬َ‫ر‬َ‫د‬ َ‫م‬ْ‫ل‬ِ‫ع‬ْ‫ال‬
ُ ‫ه‬
‫ََّللا‬‫و‬
‫ير‬ِ‫ب‬َ‫خ‬ َ‫ون‬ُ‫َل‬‫م‬ْ‫ع‬َ‫ت‬ ‫َا‬‫م‬ِ‫ب‬
ٌ
)
،
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‫المجادلة‬ ‫سورة‬
:
‫اآلية‬
11
»
.

2. IDENTIFICATION
CLASSIFICATION
LOCATION( ORIGIN AND INSERTION )
NERVE SUPPLY
ACTION

3. MUSCLE OF THE BACK
DEF
ORIGIN VERTIBRAL COLOUMN
NSERTION THE BONS OF THE URRER LIMP
These the muscle are
classified according to
Supperficial
layer
Deep layer

4. Superficial layer
(contain 2 muscle)
Trapezius
Connection of the
vertebral column and
back of the neck with
the scapula
Latissimus dorsi
Connection the
vertebral column with
the humorous

5. Deep layer
contain 3 small muscle
(connection vertebral column with
scapula)
Levator
scapulae
Rhomboid
minor
Rhemboid
major

6. Muscle of the shoulder
region
4-Posterior
They Connect the scapula to
the humerus
Teres major
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Spraspinatus
1-Anterior
It is connect scapula to
humerus
Subscapularis
1-Superficial layer (Deltoid
muscle)
Connects both clavicle and
scapula to the humerus

7. Rotator cuff
muscles
posterior
(3From4)
Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Teres minor
Anterior
(1)
Subscapularis

9. TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE

10. def:-
is a large superficial back muscle that
covers the neck and shoulder.
classification :-
the trapezius belongs to the superficial
layer
of the extrinsic muscles of the back
origin:-
-medial 1/3 of the superior nuchal line
-external occipital protuberance
-nuchal ligament
-spinuos process of all thoracic
vertebral

11. INSERTION :-
o
NERVE SUPPLY :-

12. Action
-upper fiber :- rotate scapula
upward & elevate the
shoulder.
-middle fiber :- retraction of
scapula. abduction above 90
-lower fiber :- depression of
scapula

13. LATISSIMUS DORSI
MUSCLE

14. Def :-
-is a broad, flat muscle that occupies the
majority of the lower posterior thorax.
Classification :-
-the latissimus dorsi belongs to the superficial
layer
of the extrinsic back muscle
Origin :-
-spinous process of lower six thoracic " T7 to
T12 “
-all lumbar vertebrea
–inferior angle of scapula.
-posterior part of outer lip of iliac crest-
thoracolumbar fascia

15. Insertion :-
-floor intertubercular "bicipital "
groove of the humerus.
Nerve suuply :-
-Thoracodorsal nerve
Action :-
-trunk fixed.
-adduction , extension &
medially rotation of the arm.

16. Deep
layer
Levator
Scapula
Rhomboid
Minor
Rhomboid
Major

17. LEVATOR SCAPULA MUSCLE

18. Def:-
-is a shoulder muscle on the side of the neck and
upper back.
Classification :-
-it belongs to the posterior axioappendicular
muscles.
Origin :-
-transverse process C1 to C4 vertebrae,
Insertion :-
-dorsal surface of medial border of scapula
from superior angle to root of scapular spine
Nerve supply :-
-dorsal subscapular nerve
Action:-
-elevates of scapula

19. Rhomboid
Minor Major

20. RHOMBOID
MINOR & MAJOR

21. Def:-
Is muscle that connect scapula with the
vertebrae of the spinal column.
Classification :-
- the Rhomboid minor &major belongs to
the deep layer of the back muscle
Origin (minor):-
-Nuchal ligament & spinous process C7_T1
Origin (major)
-spinous process T2 _ T5-
Insertion (minor):-
-dorsal surface of medial border of scapula
Insertion (major)
-dorsal surface of medial border of
scapula from root of scapular spine to inferior
angle

22. nerve supply
action

23. SUPRASPINATUS MUSCLE

24. Def:-
-is small muscle of the upper limb
Classification :-
-The supraspinatus is part of the rotator cuff
of the shoulder.
Origin:-
-most medial supraspinous fossa
Insertion :-
-superior fact of greater tubercle of
Humerus
Nerve supply :-
-suprascapular nerve
Action :-
-initiates & assists deltoid in
abduction " 0_15 " acts with rotator cuff
muscles.

25. INFRASPINATUS MUSCLE

26. def :-
-is a thick triangular muscle that occupies
much of the infraspinous fossa of the
scapula
Classification :-
-is one of the four rotator cuff muscle.
Origin:-
-most medial of infraspinous fossa.
Insertion:-
-middle facet on greater tubercle of
Humerus
Nerve supply :-
-suprascapular nerve
Action:-
-lateral rotates the arm

27. TERES MAJOR MUSCLE

28. DEF:-
-is small muscle that runs along the lateral border of the
scapula.
CLASSFICIATION :-
-is one of the seven scapulohumeral muscles.
ORIGIN :-
-lower 1/3 of dorsal surface
of lateral border of the scapula.
INSERTION :-
-medial lip of Bicepital groove of humerus .
NERVE SUPPLY :-
-lower scapular nerve
ACTION :-
- adduction & extension & medially rotation of
the arm

29. TERES MINOR MUSCLE

30. def :-
-is small thin muscle that is located in the
shoulder joint
classification :-
-is one of four muscles that make up the
rotator cuff
origin :-
- upper 2/3 of the lateral border of the
scapula
insertion :-
-inferior facet on greater tubercle of
humerus.
nerve supply :-
- axillary nerve
action :-
-adduction & laterally rotation of the arm

31. SUCAPULARIS MUSCLE

32. Def:-
-is the triangular shoulder muscle
located in the subscapular fossa of the
scapula.
Classification :-
-it is one of the four muscles of the
rotator cuff.
Origin :-
-subscapular fossa
Insertion :-
-lesser tubercle of Humerus
Nerve supply :-
-upper & lower subscapular nerve
Action :-
-adduction & medial rotation of the arm

33. DELTOID MUSCLES

34. Def
-is the thick & triangular & covers the shoulder
joint.
origin :-
-anterior border of the lateral third clavicle
-lateral margin of the acromion
-lower lip of the crest of spine of scapula
insertion :-
-deltoid tuberosity (Humerus)
nerve supply :-
-axillary nerve
action :-
-anterior fiber :- flexion & medial rotation of
arm .
-middle fiber :- abduction from 15_90
-posterior fiber :- extension &
laterally rotation of arm

35. ROTATOR CUFF

36. Def
-Is a group of muscles and tendons that
hold the shoulder joint in place and
allows the arm movement
Component :-
-This group of muscles consist of :
• Supraspinatous muscle
• Infraspinatous muscle
• Teres minor muscle
• Supscapularis muscle
Action :-
-The actions provided by these muscles is
Rotation and elevation of the arm

37. Orienation :-
-These muscles are orientate around
scapula precisely around the glenoid
cavity and insert above the surgical neck
of humerus , This orientation make the
shoulder joint stable :
• Anteriorly by :
-Supscapularis
• Posteriorly by :
-Infraspinatous
-Teres minor
• Superiorly by :
-Supraspinatous

38. What Is Rotator Cuff Pain?
-Is a damage that occur to the tendons of
the rotator cuff muscles , this damage
can be an injure , inflammation or worn
-Mainly it can caused by :
• Rotator Cuff tendinitis
• Rotator Cuff tendinosis
• Rotator Cuff tears

39. ‫الكفاح‬ ‫مجموعة‬
‫األناتومي‬ ‫أجل‬ ‫من‬ ‫الجهاد‬
“
1
-
‫د‬
.
‫فرج‬ ‫عبدالمالك‬
2
–
‫د‬
.
‫ابوعائشة‬ ‫سامي‬
3
-
‫د‬
.
‫عبدالنبي‬ ‫محمد‬
4
-
‫د‬
.
‫بلقاسم‬ ‫حسين‬
5
-
‫د‬
.
‫سعد‬ ‫بن‬ ‫عبدالسالم‬
6
-
‫د‬
.
‫أبوليفه‬ ‫محمود‬
7
-
‫د‬
.
‫ابوجبيرة‬ ‫أسامة‬
8
-
‫د‬
.
‫البكوش‬ ‫هانيبال‬
9
-
‫د‬
.
‫العاتي‬ ‫عبدالمالك‬
10
-
‫د‬
.
‫الصدوري‬ ‫معاد‬