Motivation Conept in Organizational Behavior

1. Motivation: From Concepts to
Applications

2. Motivating by Job Design: The Job
Characteristics Model
Job design
Suggests the way the elements in a job are organized

3. The Job Characteristics Model
Developed by J. Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham:
“A model that purposes that any job can be described
in terms of five core job dimensions: Skill variety, task
identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback.”

4. Five Core Dimension
• Skill variety:is the degree to which a job requires a
variety of different activities.
• Task identity: is the degree to which a job requires
completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.
• Task significance: is the degree to which a job affects
the lives or work of other people.

5. • Autonomy: is the degree to which a job provides the
worker freedom, independence, and discretion in
scheduling work and determining the procedures in
carrying it out.
• Feedback: is the degree to which carrying out work
activities generates direct and clear information
about your own performance.

7. Motivating potential score (MPS)
“A predictive index that suggests the motivating
potential in a job.”

8. Job Redesign
• Job Redesign is basically a process of ‘restructuring’
the elements of a job (like tasks, duties and
responsibilities).
• It is usually done to the job more interesting, exciting,
encouraging and inspiring for the employees.

9. • Job rotation:
The periodic shifting of an employee from one task to
another.
• Job enrichment:
Expands jobs by increasing the degree to which the
worker controls the planning, execution, and
evaluation of the work.

10. Job Enrichment

11. Alternative Work Arrangements
Flextime:
• Flexible work hours.
• A alternative to traditional ‘’9 to 5” work schedules
allows employees to vary arrival and departure
times.

12. • Job sharing:
 An arrangement that allows two or more
individuals to split a traditional 40-hour-a-week job.
 Two people share one job by spliting the work
week and the responsiblities of the position.

13. • Telecommuting:
 Working from home at least two days a week on a
computer that is linked to the employer’s office.
 Using technology to work in a location other than the
traditional workplace.

14. Employee Involvement and Participation
• Employee involvement:
A participative process that uses the input of
employees and is intended to increase employee
commitment to an organization’s success.

15. • Participative management :
A process in which subordinates share a significant
degree of decision-making power with their
immediate superiors.

16. • Representative participation:
A system in which workers participate in
organizational decision making through a small group
of representative employees.