Tomas Strejcek discusses the pros and cons of monoliths versus microservices, emphasizing the importance of good software design principles such as documentation, testing, and separation of concerns. He argues that while microservices can be beneficial, starting with a monolith might be more practical and highlights the challenges of managing multiple microservices within a small team. Ultimately, the key takeaway is that developers should prioritize effective architectural design over the choice between monoliths and microservices.