This document discusses monkeypox transmission and prevention. It notes that monkeypox can spread through direct contact with monkeypox rash, scabs, or body fluids, or through contact with contaminated objects. A person is contagious from when symptoms start until the rash is fully healed. The document provides guidance on infection control in healthcare settings, including use of personal protective equipment and isolation precautions. It also provides guidance for safely isolating and caring for people with suspected or confirmed monkeypox at home.

1. Is MonkeyPox the next
pandemic ?
Dr. Suresh Kumar
Medical Director , Lok Nayak Hospital
Director Professor & Head of Medicine,
Maulana Azad Medical College,
New Delhi.

2. Structure

4. Confirmed human monkeypox
cases Africa, 1970-2021

5. Confirmed human monkeypox
cases Worldwide,1970-2021

6. Monkeypox transmission –
an overview

7. MONKEYPOX – MODES
OF TRANSMISSION
• Monkeypox can spread to anyone through
close, personal, often skin-to-skin contact,
including:
• Direct contact with monkeypox rash, scabs, or
body fluids from a person with monkeypox.
• Touching objects, fabrics (clothing, bedding, or
towels), and surfaces that have been used by
someone with monkeypox.
• Contact with respiratory secretions.

8. A person with monkeypox can
spread it to others from the time
symptoms start until the rash has
fully healed and a fresh layer of
skin has formed. The illness
typically lasts 2–4 week

9. INFECTION CONTROL
• APPLY STANDARD PRECAUTIONS FOR ALL PATIENT CARE, INCLUDING FOR PATIENTS WITH
SUSPECTED MONKEYPOX.
• AVOID ACTIVITIES THAT COULD RESUSPEND DRIED MATERIAL FROM LESIONS (E.G., USE OF
PORTABLE FANS, DRY
DUSTING, SWEEPING).
• PLACE PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED OR CONFIRMED MONKEYPOX INFECTION IN A SINGLE-PERSON
ROOM.
◦ SPECIAL AIR HANDLING IS NOT REQUIRED.
◦ KEEP DOOR CLOSED IF SAFE TO DO SO.
• HEALTH CARE WORKERS WHO ENTER THE PATIENT’S ROOM SHOULD USE GOWN, GLOVES, EYE
PROTECTION (I.E., GOGGLES OR A FACE SHIELD THAT COVERS THE FRONT AND SIDES OF THE
FACE) AND A RESPIRATOR (E.G., N95 OR HIGHER)
• PERFORM ANY PROCEDURES LIKELY TO SPREAD ORAL SECRETIONS IN AN AIRBORNE INFECTION
ISOLATION ROOM.
• STANDARD CLEANING AND DISINFECTION PROCEDURES SHOULD BE DONE USING AN EPA-
REGISTERED HOSPITAL-
GRADE DISINFECTANT WITH AN EMERGING VIRAL PATHOGEN CLAIM.
HTTPS://WWW.CDC.GOV/POXVIRUS/MONKEYPOX/CLINICIANS/INFECTION-CONTROLHEALTHCARE.HTML

10. MANAGING PEOPLE WITH
SUSPECTED OR CONFIRMED
MONKEYPOX
• Patients awaiting test results should isolate in a room or area separate from other
household members and pets.
◦ If the result is negative, they can discontinue isolation.
◦ If the result is positive, they must continue to isolate until all lesions have resolved, the
scabs have fallen off, and a fresh layer of intact skin has formed.
• While isolating patients should:
◦ Stay at home as much as possible and avoid nonessential visitors in the home.
◦ Do not engage in physical sexual activity with others.
◦ If leaving the home (e.g., for medical care or for physical activity), maintain a safe distance
from others, cover up all skin lesions, and wear a well-fitting surgical mask.
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/faq.html
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/pdf/Monkeypox-Interim-Guidance-for-Household-Disinfection-508.pdf

11. MANAGING PEOPLE WITH
SUSPECTED OR
CONFIRMED MONKEYPOX
• Take measures to prevent others from having direct contact with lesions or bodily fluids or contaminated materials:
o Cover sores and wear a face mask while in a shared space.
o Place used linens, towels and clothes in a separate laundry bag (or garbage bag).
o Do not share dishes and eating utensils, clothing, towels, or a bed.
o Avoid direct contact with upholstered furniture that cannot be covered with sheets that can be laundered.
o Clean and disinfect bathroom surfaces (e.g., counters, toilet seats, faucets) after using if lesions are exposed.
o Use standard household cleaning/disinfectants to clean and disinfect contaminated surfaces.
o Place contaminated waste (such as dressings and bandages) in a tight waterproof plastic bag (double-bag if
possible) and discard with regular trash.
• Detailed home isolation guidance can be found on the CDC Clinician FAQ webpage under question 10 “When a patient
is isolating in their home, what should they do?”
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/faq.html
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/pdf/Monkeypox-Interim-Guidance-for-Household-
Disinfection-508.pdf

12. PERAWATAN/ PELAYANAN/ TINDAKAN/
Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Klinik
(Biakan MO/TB & PCR) / Kegiatan Sejenis
ZONA
MERAH
• Baju scrub OK
• Masker N95
• Gaun bedah single-use atau re-use dan
atau apron single use*
• Jilbab dan atau tutup kepala (head cap) *
• Sarung tangan medis (non steril)
• Pelindung mata (goggles) dan atau
pelindung wajah (face shield)
• Shoe cover *
• Alas kaki tertutup atau sepatu boot
* Optional/ dipakai bila diperlukan/ tersedia
01

13. CARA MENGGUNAKAN APD
1. Lepaskan semua barang-barang pribadi (perhiasan, jam tangan, dan Handphone)
2. Pakailah baju scrub dan sepatu tertutup diruang ganti
3. Lakukan Kebersihan tangan
4. Gunakan sarung tangan bersih
5. Gunakan gaun yang sampai menutupi pergelangan tangan
6. Gunakan masker bedah
7. Gunakan google / faceshield
8. Pakailah penutup kepala / headcap
9. Gunakan sarung tangan kedua sampai menutup manset gaun
Petugas telah menggunakan APD dengan lengkap dan siap melakukan tindakan non Aerosol

14. CARA MELEPASKAN APD
1. Pastikan tersedia tempat sampah infeksius pada area pembuangan APD yang aman dan
tempat pembuangan terpisah harus tersedia untuk barang yang dapat digunakan kembali
(google, faceshield)
2. Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung
3. Lepaskan apron, robek pada bagian belakang leher dan gulung ke bawah tanpa menyentuh
area depan, lalu lepaskan bagian belakang dan gulung ke depan. Buang ke tempat sampah
infeksius
4. Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung
5. Lepaskan sarung tangan terluar dan buang ke tempat sampah infeksius
6. Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung
7. Lepaskan penutup kepala dan leher dengan hati-hati untuk menghindari kontaminasi wajah dan
buang ke tempat linen infeksius
8. Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung

15. CARA MELEPASKAN APD
• Lepaskan gaun dengan melepaskan ikatan talinya lalu tarik dari belakang ke depan dan
menggulungnya dari dalam keluar dan masukkan ke dalam tempat linen infeksius
• Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung
• Lepaskan google / faceshield dengan menarik tali dari belakang kepala dan bersihkan
dengan kassa dan alcohol lalu simpan ditempat khusus, lalu buang kassa ke tempat sampah
infeksius.
• Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung
• Lepaskan masker bedah lalu buang ke tempat sampah infeksius
• Lakukan kebersihan tangan pada tangan yang bersarung
• Lepaskan sarung tangan secara hati-hati dan buang ke tempat sampah infeksius
• Lakukan kebersihan tangan
Petugas disarankan untuk mandi dan membersihkan diri sebelum pulang.

16. THANK YOU