This document provides an introduction to the Table Definition Language (TDL) and Exchange Data Language (EDL) for use by Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) systems deployed using ANSI C12.19 tables and ANSI C12.22 networks. It defines key terms related to AMI, time-based pricing, load control, performance metrics, auditing, and legal units of measure. The presentation also outlines the TDL and EDL documents and import/export process, and discusses benefits of registering ANSI C12.19 data models using TDL and EDL.
Evolution of protective systems in petro chemGlen Alleman
Electrical protective or emergency shutdown systems are utilized
throughout the petrochemical industry for safety and to avoid severe environmental and/or economic events. Requirements
fur these critical systems are that they work every time, on demand, and do not initiate nuisance events. These requirements were difficult to achieve in most early systems but the systems have improved over the years. Emergency shutdown system design has been unregulated in the U.S., but new standards will require strict guidelines for design, application, docllmentation, and software testing and control.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document discusses security issues with SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. SCADA systems are used to control critical infrastructure like water treatment plants, oil and gas pipelines, electrical grids, and nuclear power plants. However, SCADA systems often have weak security protections due to using outdated protocols and hardware that cannot be easily upgraded. This makes SCADA networks vulnerable to attacks that could disrupt important systems and endanger public safety. The document outlines several past attacks on SCADA networks and control systems that demonstrate these risks. Improving SCADA security will require collaboration between different fields like control systems engineering and cybersecurity.
This document discusses security issues with SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. SCADA systems are used to control critical infrastructure like water treatment plants, oil pipelines, and nuclear power plants. However, SCADA systems often use outdated protocols and hardware with no security protections. They are vulnerable to attacks that could disrupt important systems or endanger public safety. The document outlines several past attacks on SCADA systems and control failures that highlight the security risks if these systems are not properly protected from cyber threats.
Gsm or x10 based scada system for industrial automationeSAT Journals
This document summarizes a research paper on developing a SCADA system for industrial automation using GSM or X10 technology for remote monitoring and fault detection. The system uses a microcontroller to interface with sensors monitoring parameters like temperature, current and vibration. When faults are detected, SMS alerts or X10 signals are sent to notify operators. The system aims to provide low-cost remote monitoring capabilities. Key components discussed include the hardware architecture with a transmitter sending sensor data via GSM/X10 and a receiver presenting the data on a PC. Fault detection algorithms and applications to power system monitoring are also summarized.
Felidae Systems is an upcoming engineering consultancy company engaged in multifarious activities ranging from Energy Consultancy, Energy Management Services, Industry Automation, Panel Manufacturing, And Supplying, etc.
We are manufacturer, trader, and supplier of a qualitative assortment of HT Panel, LT Panel, PLC Panel, VFD Panel, and SCADA Automation System. We are supported by State-of-the-art infrastructural base that comprises various units such as Procurement, Production, Quality Testing, R&D, Warehousing & Packaging, Sales & Marketing, etc. The production unit is outfitted with cutting-edge production technology that helps us in manufacturing panels in compliance with global quality standards. By functioning in synchronize manner, our professionals help us to cater to diverse requirements of clients efficiently.
We have experienced consultants (BEE Accredited Energy Auditor, BEE Certified Energy Auditors, Lead Auditor for EnMS), supported by technically qualified staff for field study. We not only give suggestions for energy saving but also support for energy management & post audit implementation of saving proposals.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an IOT integrated system for real-time data acquisition and control of power transformers. The system uses sensors to monitor parameters like voltage, current, temperature, oil insulation, and earth faults. The sensor data is sent to a microcontroller and then to an IOT cloud server. This allows utility operators to remotely monitor transformer health and identify issues before failures. The system is more economical than traditional SCADA monitoring and could help save utilities money by reducing transformer repairs. It was found to work accurately and provide advanced protection and control of power transformers.
Securing Critical Infrastructures with a cybersecurity digital twin Massimiliano Masi
Critical Infrastructures are common targets for cyber-and-physical attacks. Smart Grids, Water Transport Systems, Railway, or Motorway witness an increase of malware and attacks partially due to the IT/OT convergence. Usually, critical infrastructures are composed by legacy software or hardware that cannot be easily patched or upgraded, facilitating the work of the attackers by exposing vulnerabilities solved in IT decades ago. Moreover, it is usually impossible to have a test system for such infrastructures, where a security countermeasure is evaluated for its impact. In fact, in OT systems, availability is of its utmost importance, thus adding a security countermeasure has to be carefully evaluated to not hinder such property. To overcome such shortcomings, digital twins are used. In this talk, it will be presented how digital twins specifically devised for cybersecurity are used for the evaluation of threats in cyber-and-physical systems in an industrial environment. In particular, it will be shown how a digital twin will be systematically derived from the Architectural representation of a real-world industrial system (the "collaborative intelligent transport system") and how the security measures are evaluated with an specific architectural view.
Evolution of protective systems in petro chemGlen Alleman
Electrical protective or emergency shutdown systems are utilized
throughout the petrochemical industry for safety and to avoid severe environmental and/or economic events. Requirements
fur these critical systems are that they work every time, on demand, and do not initiate nuisance events. These requirements were difficult to achieve in most early systems but the systems have improved over the years. Emergency shutdown system design has been unregulated in the U.S., but new standards will require strict guidelines for design, application, docllmentation, and software testing and control.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document discusses security issues with SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. SCADA systems are used to control critical infrastructure like water treatment plants, oil and gas pipelines, electrical grids, and nuclear power plants. However, SCADA systems often have weak security protections due to using outdated protocols and hardware that cannot be easily upgraded. This makes SCADA networks vulnerable to attacks that could disrupt important systems and endanger public safety. The document outlines several past attacks on SCADA networks and control systems that demonstrate these risks. Improving SCADA security will require collaboration between different fields like control systems engineering and cybersecurity.
This document discusses security issues with SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems. SCADA systems are used to control critical infrastructure like water treatment plants, oil pipelines, and nuclear power plants. However, SCADA systems often use outdated protocols and hardware with no security protections. They are vulnerable to attacks that could disrupt important systems or endanger public safety. The document outlines several past attacks on SCADA systems and control failures that highlight the security risks if these systems are not properly protected from cyber threats.
Gsm or x10 based scada system for industrial automationeSAT Journals
This document summarizes a research paper on developing a SCADA system for industrial automation using GSM or X10 technology for remote monitoring and fault detection. The system uses a microcontroller to interface with sensors monitoring parameters like temperature, current and vibration. When faults are detected, SMS alerts or X10 signals are sent to notify operators. The system aims to provide low-cost remote monitoring capabilities. Key components discussed include the hardware architecture with a transmitter sending sensor data via GSM/X10 and a receiver presenting the data on a PC. Fault detection algorithms and applications to power system monitoring are also summarized.
Felidae Systems is an upcoming engineering consultancy company engaged in multifarious activities ranging from Energy Consultancy, Energy Management Services, Industry Automation, Panel Manufacturing, And Supplying, etc.
We are manufacturer, trader, and supplier of a qualitative assortment of HT Panel, LT Panel, PLC Panel, VFD Panel, and SCADA Automation System. We are supported by State-of-the-art infrastructural base that comprises various units such as Procurement, Production, Quality Testing, R&D, Warehousing & Packaging, Sales & Marketing, etc. The production unit is outfitted with cutting-edge production technology that helps us in manufacturing panels in compliance with global quality standards. By functioning in synchronize manner, our professionals help us to cater to diverse requirements of clients efficiently.
We have experienced consultants (BEE Accredited Energy Auditor, BEE Certified Energy Auditors, Lead Auditor for EnMS), supported by technically qualified staff for field study. We not only give suggestions for energy saving but also support for energy management & post audit implementation of saving proposals.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes an IOT integrated system for real-time data acquisition and control of power transformers. The system uses sensors to monitor parameters like voltage, current, temperature, oil insulation, and earth faults. The sensor data is sent to a microcontroller and then to an IOT cloud server. This allows utility operators to remotely monitor transformer health and identify issues before failures. The system is more economical than traditional SCADA monitoring and could help save utilities money by reducing transformer repairs. It was found to work accurately and provide advanced protection and control of power transformers.
Securing Critical Infrastructures with a cybersecurity digital twin Massimiliano Masi
Critical Infrastructures are common targets for cyber-and-physical attacks. Smart Grids, Water Transport Systems, Railway, or Motorway witness an increase of malware and attacks partially due to the IT/OT convergence. Usually, critical infrastructures are composed by legacy software or hardware that cannot be easily patched or upgraded, facilitating the work of the attackers by exposing vulnerabilities solved in IT decades ago. Moreover, it is usually impossible to have a test system for such infrastructures, where a security countermeasure is evaluated for its impact. In fact, in OT systems, availability is of its utmost importance, thus adding a security countermeasure has to be carefully evaluated to not hinder such property. To overcome such shortcomings, digital twins are used. In this talk, it will be presented how digital twins specifically devised for cybersecurity are used for the evaluation of threats in cyber-and-physical systems in an industrial environment. In particular, it will be shown how a digital twin will be systematically derived from the Architectural representation of a real-world industrial system (the "collaborative intelligent transport system") and how the security measures are evaluated with an specific architectural view.
This presentation explains the ANSI/ISA-99 and IEC 62443 standards for industrial control systems (ICS). It describes the Zone and Conduit security model and how it is used in an plant or factory. As well, the issues of security configuration errors are discussed. A case history of zone security deployment for a Safety Integrated System in a refinery is provided. For additional information see www.tofinosecurity.com.
Deep Learning for industrial Prognostics & Health Management (PHM) Michael Giering
The document discusses United Technologies Corporation's application of deep learning techniques to problems in aerospace and building systems. Specifically, it discusses using deep belief networks for aircraft sensor diagnostics at Pratt & Whitney and Otis elevators prognostic health monitoring. It also discusses using deep autoencoders for chiller power estimation at Carrier Climate Control systems. The approaches analyzed sensor data using deep learning models to provide diagnostics, predict health issues, and estimate power usage.
Deep learning techniques like deep belief networks and deep autoencoders are being applied by UTC to problems in aerospace and building systems. Specifically, deep belief networks are used for aircraft sensor diagnostics, prognostic health monitoring of elevators, and chiller power estimation. Deep autoencoders are used with elevator sensor data for predictive maintenance. The applications demonstrate the potential of deep learning for analyzing large amounts of industrial sensor data.
DETECTING POWER GRID SYNCHRONISATION FAILURE ON SENSING BAD VOLTAGE OR FREQUE...Pradeep Avanigadda
The project is designed to develop a system to detect the synchronization failure of any external supply source to the power grid on sensing the abnormalities in frequency and voltage.
There are several power generation units connected to the grid such as hydel, thermal, solar etc to supply power to the load. These generating units need to supply power according to the rules of the grid. These rules involve maintaining a voltage variation within limits and also the frequency. If any deviation from the acceptable limit of the grid it is mandatory that the same feeder should automatically get disconnected from the grid which by effect is termed as islanding. This prevents in large scale brown out or black out of the grid power. So it is preferable to have a system which can warn the grid in advance so that alternate arrangements are kept on standby to avoid complete grid failure.
POWER CONSUMPTION DETECTING AND ALERTING SYSTEMIRJET Journal
This document describes a power consumption detecting and alerting system. The system continuously monitors home appliance power consumption and calculates unit usage to alert consumers when they are close to exceeding the current electricity rate slab. When the slab rate threshold is reached, auxiliary loads will automatically be cut off and a message will be sent to the consumer. The system aims to help consumers efficiently use power from the grid and maintain a low electricity bill. It uses components like a microcontroller, relays, LCD display, step-down transformer, buzzer, and potentiometer. The system works by measuring power usage, calculating units, and sending alerts via buzzer and messages if the slab rate is approached or exceeded to encourage reduced consumption.
AEE Cybersecurity for the IOT in Facility Energy Distribution SlidesAndy Taylor
APT saw the new CA state law SB-327 requiring CyberSecurity for all Internet-connected devices coming for 2020 and started to prepare for it after it passed in late 2018. Though the bill does not require protection of existing infrastructure, we believe customers will want to address the CyberSecurity concerns with the purchase of ANY new electrical meter, gateway, trip unit, relay, or connected electrical device. Our strategy includes new components and new services for a complete solution.
APT has focused on upgrading two (2) certified secure components to the customer’s network:
1.Secure Serial to Ethernet gateways.
2.Secure Ethernet switches.
APT has focused on providing on-site services for each customer to comply with the requirements of SB-327 of every connected electrical device. These services include:
1.Assessment of customer’s electrically connected devices, networks, and infrastructure.
2.Installation of new secure Serial to Ethernet gateways and secure Ethernet switches at strategic locations at the customer’s site.
3.Procedures for the physical change of each device’s default password.
4.Compliance stickers for the devices that have been secured.
Introduction of 132/11 kV Digitally Optimized Substation for Protection, Cont...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the introduction of a new digitally optimized substation design by DEWA for improved protection, control, and SCADA systems in its transmission network. Key aspects of the new design include:
1. Using virtual technologies and clustering to optimize the substation control and monitoring system, reducing hardware while increasing redundancy.
2. Implementing duplicate integrated control and protection systems in each bay using multifunction devices from different manufacturers connected over an IEC61850 process bus.
3. Digitizing components and processes to reduce over 100km of copper wiring, delivering significant reductions in carbon footprint, space usage, energy consumption, and costs while improving functionality and reliability.
The document provides an overview of control systems security from the perspective of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. It discusses critical infrastructure sectors, risk drivers like modernization and globalization, vulnerability lifecycles, findings from control system assessments, and several cyber incidents involving control systems that impacted industrial operations. The department works to improve control system security through assessments, training, partnerships with industry, and developing guidance on topics like cyber forensics and firewall deployment.
Presentation from the EPRI-Sandia Symposium on Secure and Resilient Microgrids: CSEISMIC: An Open-source Microgrid Controller, presented by Ben Ollis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Baltimore, MD, August 29-31, 2016.
This document discusses the design and implementation of a smart anti-power theft system. It begins with an abstract that outlines the issues of electricity theft, including the economic losses incurred. It then discusses the key components of embedded systems used in power monitoring and describes the objectives, block diagram, and circuit diagram of the proposed smart anti-power theft system. The system is intended to automatically detect theft and restrict unauthorized electricity usage. The document also provides a literature review on previous work in electricity theft detection and monitoring systems. It concludes by discussing the scope for further improvements to the system, including integrating WiFi modules to notify users of theft detection.
This document discusses electricity theft detection and presents a proposed solution. It begins with an introduction to electricity monitoring and challenges with theft. It then describes a system to monitor power consumption from a central location using microcontrollers, current sensors, and wireless communication between users and a substation. The system is designed to identify authorized vs unauthorized power usage to help control theft. It provides details of the system design including components, working principle, and a theft detection method based on comparing power sent and consumed. Testing showed the prototype hardware worked satisfactorily for its purpose of informing authorities about theft by detecting excess power usage.
The efficacy and challenges of scada an smart grid integrationFaizal Faizi
- The integration of SCADA systems into smart grids allows utilities to remotely monitor and control network devices in real-time, achieving reliability and demand efficiencies.
- SCADA systems are used to gather and analyze real-time environmental data from power facilities and automate electronic systems based on predetermined conditions. They connect sensors and actuators to a central data collection point for analysis.
- When integrated into a smart grid, SCADA systems play a key role in decision making by analyzing real-time sensor data and automatically making adjustments across the grid to optimize voltages, efficiency, and self-heal disruptions.
In today’s connected world, cyber security is a topic that nobody can afford to ignore. In recent years the number and frequency of attacks on industrial devices and other critical infrastructure has risen dramatically. Recent news stories about hackers shutting down critical infrastructure have left many companies wondering if they are vulnerable to similar attacks. In this webinar we will discuss the most common security threats and unique challenges in securing industrial networks. We will introduce the current standards and share some useful resources and best practices for addressing industrial cyber security.
Key Takeaways:
1. Gain perspective regarding common security threats facing industrial networks.
2. Learn about the relevant standards governing industrial cyber security.
3. Increase understanding of some best practices for securing industrial networks.
Littelfuse Battery Fuel Gauge and I/O Port Protection SolutionsLittelfuse
This document provides information about Littelfuse products that can provide protection for battery fuel gauge ICs and I/O ports in applications such as mobile devices, wearables, and appliances. It summarizes key products like zeptoSMDC PPTC devices and SP1006 ESD protection devices that help enable safe and reliable operation of devices with higher voltage charging or USB Type-C interfaces. Reference application diagrams show how these devices can provide overcurrent, overvoltage and ESD protection in single-cell and multi-cell battery systems.
Grid Event Analysis In Indian Power SystemChandan Kumar
The Presentation discusses how Grid Events in Indian Power System are detected, classified, Analysed and Reported with various practical studies. It also discusses the challenges faced in the process and associated regulation.
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA Ajesh Jacob
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA
LABVIEW PROJECT FINAL YEAR EEE
ABSTRACT: A tap changer control operates to connect appropriate tap position of winding in power transformers to maintain correct voltage level in the power transmission and distribution system. Automatic tap changing can be implemented by using µC. This improved tap-changing decision and operational flexibility of this new technique make it attractive for deployment in practical power system network. This paper deals with the implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers. Two strategies are suggested for its implementation as a software module in the paper. One is to integrate it with the supervisory system in a substation control room operating in a LAN environment. In this configuration, the parallel transformers can be controlled locally. The other is to integrate it into the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, which allows the transformers to be monitored and controlled remotely over a wide area of power-network. The implementation of µC based tap changer control needs interfacing between the power system and the control circuitry. µC s may need to interact with people for the purpose of configuration, alarm reporting or everyday control.
A human-machine interface (HMI) is employed for this purpose. An HMI is usually linked to the SCADA system’s databases and software programs, to provide trending, diagnostic data, and management information such as scheduled maintenance procedures, logistic information, detailed schematics for a particular sensor or machine, and expert-system troubleshooting guides.
OBJECTIVES: The original system can afford the following features:
- Complete information about the plant (circuit breakers status, source of feeding, and level of the consumed power).
- Information about the operating values of the voltage, operating values of the transformers, operating values of the medium voltage, load feeders, operating values of the generators. These values will assist in getting any action to return the plant to its normal operation by minimum costs.
- Information about the quality of the system (harmonics, current, voltages, power factors, flickers, etc.). These values will be very essential in case of future correction.
- Recorded information such case voltage spikes, reducing the voltage on the medium or current interruption.
- implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers.
TransBlock has developed a patented technology that safely connects directly to the ground line of electronic equipment to terminate transient surges and pulses, protecting microprocessors from damage. This provides benefits like increased system protection and uptime, higher productivity, and fewer problems for IT managers. TransBlock's solution is gaining endorsements and is positioned to meet new UL standards in 2008 for improved surge protection in homes and offices.
Cybersecurity Considerations for Power Substation SCADA Systems Using IEC 618...Power System Operation
Because of recent cyber-attacks and threats against power utilities, cybersecurity continues to increase in importance and be on the minds of substation design engineers.
One major concern for power distribution utilities is “ensuring that all communication protocols performing control functions and data acquisition for substations are properly secured. With IEC-61850 being one of the most widely used communications protocols by utilities today, particularly in distribution automation (DA),” increases the need for greater security in communication protocols. [1]
IEC-61850 is also becoming the preferred standard for substation design and operations due to the common framework and object-oriented design for point names as well as the increased performance and lower lifecycle cost of SCADA systems utilizing the methodology and protocols. This paper will discuss major vulnerabilities and cybersecurity considerations that require proper analysis when designing and implementing a secure IEC-61850 standard-based SCADA system within a power substation. However, this paper will not discuss implementation methods or provide implementation concepts.
Marcelo Branquinho presented on protecting power distribution systems with zero trust cybersecurity. He discussed how digital transformation brings risks from increased connectivity and attacks on industrial control systems. Network segmentation with a zero trust model using firewalls as the network core was proposed. TI Safe and Palo Alto Networks developed a joint product called TI Safe Cybersecurity for Energy to implement zero trust for energy companies through next generation firewalls, remote access security, and continuous monitoring by TI Safe's industrial control system security operations center.
Modeling & Design of Dtmf Technique Based Automatic Mobile Switching & Contro...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system for remotely controlling devices using DTMF tones sent from a mobile phone. The system uses a DTMF decoder chip to receive tones entered on the caller's keypad. A microcontroller then interprets the codes and operates relays connected to home appliances or machinery. The system was designed to provide low-cost remote control of devices for applications like home automation and industrial equipment monitoring. It allows controlling appliances from anywhere via a mobile phone call while maintaining security through password protection. The document outlines the system components, including how DTMF signals are generated and decoded, and how the microcontroller is programmed to interface with relays upon receiving valid codes.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
This presentation explains the ANSI/ISA-99 and IEC 62443 standards for industrial control systems (ICS). It describes the Zone and Conduit security model and how it is used in an plant or factory. As well, the issues of security configuration errors are discussed. A case history of zone security deployment for a Safety Integrated System in a refinery is provided. For additional information see www.tofinosecurity.com.
Deep Learning for industrial Prognostics & Health Management (PHM) Michael Giering
The document discusses United Technologies Corporation's application of deep learning techniques to problems in aerospace and building systems. Specifically, it discusses using deep belief networks for aircraft sensor diagnostics at Pratt & Whitney and Otis elevators prognostic health monitoring. It also discusses using deep autoencoders for chiller power estimation at Carrier Climate Control systems. The approaches analyzed sensor data using deep learning models to provide diagnostics, predict health issues, and estimate power usage.
Deep learning techniques like deep belief networks and deep autoencoders are being applied by UTC to problems in aerospace and building systems. Specifically, deep belief networks are used for aircraft sensor diagnostics, prognostic health monitoring of elevators, and chiller power estimation. Deep autoencoders are used with elevator sensor data for predictive maintenance. The applications demonstrate the potential of deep learning for analyzing large amounts of industrial sensor data.
DETECTING POWER GRID SYNCHRONISATION FAILURE ON SENSING BAD VOLTAGE OR FREQUE...Pradeep Avanigadda
The project is designed to develop a system to detect the synchronization failure of any external supply source to the power grid on sensing the abnormalities in frequency and voltage.
There are several power generation units connected to the grid such as hydel, thermal, solar etc to supply power to the load. These generating units need to supply power according to the rules of the grid. These rules involve maintaining a voltage variation within limits and also the frequency. If any deviation from the acceptable limit of the grid it is mandatory that the same feeder should automatically get disconnected from the grid which by effect is termed as islanding. This prevents in large scale brown out or black out of the grid power. So it is preferable to have a system which can warn the grid in advance so that alternate arrangements are kept on standby to avoid complete grid failure.
POWER CONSUMPTION DETECTING AND ALERTING SYSTEMIRJET Journal
This document describes a power consumption detecting and alerting system. The system continuously monitors home appliance power consumption and calculates unit usage to alert consumers when they are close to exceeding the current electricity rate slab. When the slab rate threshold is reached, auxiliary loads will automatically be cut off and a message will be sent to the consumer. The system aims to help consumers efficiently use power from the grid and maintain a low electricity bill. It uses components like a microcontroller, relays, LCD display, step-down transformer, buzzer, and potentiometer. The system works by measuring power usage, calculating units, and sending alerts via buzzer and messages if the slab rate is approached or exceeded to encourage reduced consumption.
AEE Cybersecurity for the IOT in Facility Energy Distribution SlidesAndy Taylor
APT saw the new CA state law SB-327 requiring CyberSecurity for all Internet-connected devices coming for 2020 and started to prepare for it after it passed in late 2018. Though the bill does not require protection of existing infrastructure, we believe customers will want to address the CyberSecurity concerns with the purchase of ANY new electrical meter, gateway, trip unit, relay, or connected electrical device. Our strategy includes new components and new services for a complete solution.
APT has focused on upgrading two (2) certified secure components to the customer’s network:
1.Secure Serial to Ethernet gateways.
2.Secure Ethernet switches.
APT has focused on providing on-site services for each customer to comply with the requirements of SB-327 of every connected electrical device. These services include:
1.Assessment of customer’s electrically connected devices, networks, and infrastructure.
2.Installation of new secure Serial to Ethernet gateways and secure Ethernet switches at strategic locations at the customer’s site.
3.Procedures for the physical change of each device’s default password.
4.Compliance stickers for the devices that have been secured.
Introduction of 132/11 kV Digitally Optimized Substation for Protection, Cont...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the introduction of a new digitally optimized substation design by DEWA for improved protection, control, and SCADA systems in its transmission network. Key aspects of the new design include:
1. Using virtual technologies and clustering to optimize the substation control and monitoring system, reducing hardware while increasing redundancy.
2. Implementing duplicate integrated control and protection systems in each bay using multifunction devices from different manufacturers connected over an IEC61850 process bus.
3. Digitizing components and processes to reduce over 100km of copper wiring, delivering significant reductions in carbon footprint, space usage, energy consumption, and costs while improving functionality and reliability.
The document provides an overview of control systems security from the perspective of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. It discusses critical infrastructure sectors, risk drivers like modernization and globalization, vulnerability lifecycles, findings from control system assessments, and several cyber incidents involving control systems that impacted industrial operations. The department works to improve control system security through assessments, training, partnerships with industry, and developing guidance on topics like cyber forensics and firewall deployment.
Presentation from the EPRI-Sandia Symposium on Secure and Resilient Microgrids: CSEISMIC: An Open-source Microgrid Controller, presented by Ben Ollis, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Baltimore, MD, August 29-31, 2016.
This document discusses the design and implementation of a smart anti-power theft system. It begins with an abstract that outlines the issues of electricity theft, including the economic losses incurred. It then discusses the key components of embedded systems used in power monitoring and describes the objectives, block diagram, and circuit diagram of the proposed smart anti-power theft system. The system is intended to automatically detect theft and restrict unauthorized electricity usage. The document also provides a literature review on previous work in electricity theft detection and monitoring systems. It concludes by discussing the scope for further improvements to the system, including integrating WiFi modules to notify users of theft detection.
This document discusses electricity theft detection and presents a proposed solution. It begins with an introduction to electricity monitoring and challenges with theft. It then describes a system to monitor power consumption from a central location using microcontrollers, current sensors, and wireless communication between users and a substation. The system is designed to identify authorized vs unauthorized power usage to help control theft. It provides details of the system design including components, working principle, and a theft detection method based on comparing power sent and consumed. Testing showed the prototype hardware worked satisfactorily for its purpose of informing authorities about theft by detecting excess power usage.
The efficacy and challenges of scada an smart grid integrationFaizal Faizi
- The integration of SCADA systems into smart grids allows utilities to remotely monitor and control network devices in real-time, achieving reliability and demand efficiencies.
- SCADA systems are used to gather and analyze real-time environmental data from power facilities and automate electronic systems based on predetermined conditions. They connect sensors and actuators to a central data collection point for analysis.
- When integrated into a smart grid, SCADA systems play a key role in decision making by analyzing real-time sensor data and automatically making adjustments across the grid to optimize voltages, efficiency, and self-heal disruptions.
In today’s connected world, cyber security is a topic that nobody can afford to ignore. In recent years the number and frequency of attacks on industrial devices and other critical infrastructure has risen dramatically. Recent news stories about hackers shutting down critical infrastructure have left many companies wondering if they are vulnerable to similar attacks. In this webinar we will discuss the most common security threats and unique challenges in securing industrial networks. We will introduce the current standards and share some useful resources and best practices for addressing industrial cyber security.
Key Takeaways:
1. Gain perspective regarding common security threats facing industrial networks.
2. Learn about the relevant standards governing industrial cyber security.
3. Increase understanding of some best practices for securing industrial networks.
Littelfuse Battery Fuel Gauge and I/O Port Protection SolutionsLittelfuse
This document provides information about Littelfuse products that can provide protection for battery fuel gauge ICs and I/O ports in applications such as mobile devices, wearables, and appliances. It summarizes key products like zeptoSMDC PPTC devices and SP1006 ESD protection devices that help enable safe and reliable operation of devices with higher voltage charging or USB Type-C interfaces. Reference application diagrams show how these devices can provide overcurrent, overvoltage and ESD protection in single-cell and multi-cell battery systems.
Grid Event Analysis In Indian Power SystemChandan Kumar
The Presentation discusses how Grid Events in Indian Power System are detected, classified, Analysed and Reported with various practical studies. It also discusses the challenges faced in the process and associated regulation.
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA Ajesh Jacob
AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE CONTROL OF TRANSFORMER USING MICROCONTROLLER AND SCADA
LABVIEW PROJECT FINAL YEAR EEE
ABSTRACT: A tap changer control operates to connect appropriate tap position of winding in power transformers to maintain correct voltage level in the power transmission and distribution system. Automatic tap changing can be implemented by using µC. This improved tap-changing decision and operational flexibility of this new technique make it attractive for deployment in practical power system network. This paper deals with the implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers. Two strategies are suggested for its implementation as a software module in the paper. One is to integrate it with the supervisory system in a substation control room operating in a LAN environment. In this configuration, the parallel transformers can be controlled locally. The other is to integrate it into the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system, which allows the transformers to be monitored and controlled remotely over a wide area of power-network. The implementation of µC based tap changer control needs interfacing between the power system and the control circuitry. µC s may need to interact with people for the purpose of configuration, alarm reporting or everyday control.
A human-machine interface (HMI) is employed for this purpose. An HMI is usually linked to the SCADA system’s databases and software programs, to provide trending, diagnostic data, and management information such as scheduled maintenance procedures, logistic information, detailed schematics for a particular sensor or machine, and expert-system troubleshooting guides.
OBJECTIVES: The original system can afford the following features:
- Complete information about the plant (circuit breakers status, source of feeding, and level of the consumed power).
- Information about the operating values of the voltage, operating values of the transformers, operating values of the medium voltage, load feeders, operating values of the generators. These values will assist in getting any action to return the plant to its normal operation by minimum costs.
- Information about the quality of the system (harmonics, current, voltages, power factors, flickers, etc.). These values will be very essential in case of future correction.
- Recorded information such case voltage spikes, reducing the voltage on the medium or current interruption.
- implementation of µC based tap changer control practically, using special purpose digital hardware as a built-in semiconductor chip or software simulation in conventional computers.
TransBlock has developed a patented technology that safely connects directly to the ground line of electronic equipment to terminate transient surges and pulses, protecting microprocessors from damage. This provides benefits like increased system protection and uptime, higher productivity, and fewer problems for IT managers. TransBlock's solution is gaining endorsements and is positioned to meet new UL standards in 2008 for improved surge protection in homes and offices.
Cybersecurity Considerations for Power Substation SCADA Systems Using IEC 618...Power System Operation
Because of recent cyber-attacks and threats against power utilities, cybersecurity continues to increase in importance and be on the minds of substation design engineers.
One major concern for power distribution utilities is “ensuring that all communication protocols performing control functions and data acquisition for substations are properly secured. With IEC-61850 being one of the most widely used communications protocols by utilities today, particularly in distribution automation (DA),” increases the need for greater security in communication protocols. [1]
IEC-61850 is also becoming the preferred standard for substation design and operations due to the common framework and object-oriented design for point names as well as the increased performance and lower lifecycle cost of SCADA systems utilizing the methodology and protocols. This paper will discuss major vulnerabilities and cybersecurity considerations that require proper analysis when designing and implementing a secure IEC-61850 standard-based SCADA system within a power substation. However, this paper will not discuss implementation methods or provide implementation concepts.
Marcelo Branquinho presented on protecting power distribution systems with zero trust cybersecurity. He discussed how digital transformation brings risks from increased connectivity and attacks on industrial control systems. Network segmentation with a zero trust model using firewalls as the network core was proposed. TI Safe and Palo Alto Networks developed a joint product called TI Safe Cybersecurity for Energy to implement zero trust for energy companies through next generation firewalls, remote access security, and continuous monitoring by TI Safe's industrial control system security operations center.
Modeling & Design of Dtmf Technique Based Automatic Mobile Switching & Contro...IRJET Journal
This document describes a system for remotely controlling devices using DTMF tones sent from a mobile phone. The system uses a DTMF decoder chip to receive tones entered on the caller's keypad. A microcontroller then interprets the codes and operates relays connected to home appliances or machinery. The system was designed to provide low-cost remote control of devices for applications like home automation and industrial equipment monitoring. It allows controlling appliances from anywhere via a mobile phone call while maintaining security through password protection. The document outlines the system components, including how DTMF signals are generated and decoded, and how the microcontroller is programmed to interface with relays upon receiving valid codes.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for...PIMR BHOPAL
Variable frequency drive .A Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. VFDs are widely used in industrial applications for motor control, providing significant energy savings and precise motor operation.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Software Testing + Agile Method...Prakhyath Rai
Software Testing: A Strategic Approach to Software Testing, Strategic Issues, Test Strategies for Conventional Software, Test Strategies for Object -Oriented Software, Validation Testing, System Testing, The Art of Debugging.
Agile Methodology: Before Agile – Waterfall, Agile Development.
Design and optimization of ion propulsion dronebjmsejournal
Electric propulsion technology is widely used in many kinds of vehicles in recent years, and aircrafts are no exception. Technically, UAVs are electrically propelled but tend to produce a significant amount of noise and vibrations. Ion propulsion technology for drones is a potential solution to this problem. Ion propulsion technology is proven to be feasible in the earth’s atmosphere. The study presented in this article shows the design of EHD thrusters and power supply for ion propulsion drones along with performance optimization of high-voltage power supply for endurance in earth’s atmosphere.
Gas agency management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
Rainfall intensity duration frequency curve statistical analysis and modeling...bijceesjournal
Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall.
Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...
Moise.pdf
1. Presented
by
Avygdor Moise, Ph.D.
Future DOS Research & Development Inc.
Enablers of plug & play AMI solutions that work
303-6707 Elbow Drive SW,
Calgary, Alberta,
Canada T2V 0E5
Tel: +1-403-616-8634
Fax: +1-403-203-7071
e-mail: avy@fdos.ca
web: http://www.fdos.ca
Introduction to TDL and EDL for Use by AMI
Systems Deployed with ANSI C12.19 Tables
and ANSI C12.22 Networks
Introduction to TDL and EDL for Use by AMI
Systems Deployed with ANSI C12.19 Tables
and ANSI C12.22 Networks