1) The document discusses risk management of outdoor activities and provides tips to reduce risks. It identifies various hazards of outdoor activities like adverse weather, UV exposure, and injuries. 2) The three main steps of risk management are identified as risk identification, risk assessment, and risk reduction. Risk identification involves finding hazards, risk assessment rates the probability of incidents, and risk reduction implements strategies to minimize risks. 3) Essential tips for outdoor safety include traveling with companions, being physically fit, wearing proper clothing, checking equipment, and learning first aid. Proper preparation of skills, physical fitness, and awareness of weather conditions are emphasized to reduce risks of outdoor activities.

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12 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Physical Education
& Health 4
Quarter 4 – Module 4c (Weeks 5-6)
Risk Management of Outdoor
Activities

2. 1
PHYSICAL EDUCATION & HEALTH – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 4c: Risk Management of Outdoor Activities
First Edition, 2021
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
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impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand
names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to
use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and
authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Office Address: Kagawasan Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Development Team of the Module
Writer: Ray Patrick A. Balderas, Chrissie Kyell M. Trinidad
Editor: Sheena Grace B. Alabata; Jaymar R. Kinkito; Maria Teresa S. Bernal
Reviewer: Jaymar R. Kinkito
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Jenith C. Cabajon
Joelyza M. Arcilla, Ed. D Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, Ed. D Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed. D. Maricel S. Rasid

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Are you dreaming of outdoor adventures to experience?
Mountains to climb? Rivers and beaches to swim? Terrains to hike and
other adventures that nature can offer? Well, all of these are exciting to
experience but we need to bear in mind the different risks of outdoor
activities that may hinder our enjoyment and satisfaction.
Managing risk in outdoor education centers on the reduction of
the degree of real risk to a level considered acceptable to everyday
exposure. Hence, the principle of “safety first” holds a vital implication of
preventing the different injuries in an outdoor activity. There are many
factors wherein injuries may happen outdoors which we have no control
over like sudden rockfall, gear failure, human error, or extreme weather.
Therefore, all we need to do is to prepare, be cautious, and manage
decision-making in different situations.
In this module, we will focus on the risk management of outdoor
activities which may hinder human enjoyment and satisfaction. This will
serve as part of the assessment and reduction tool to help us address the
problem that may occur during and after the outdoor activities.
Participates in an organized event that addresses health/fitness issues and
concerns
(PEH12FH-Ik-o-13)
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
o Distinguish the various risks of outdoor activities, essential tips, and
the assessment in outdoor activities;
o Participate actively in various activities based on intensity to achieve
and address health fitness issues and concerns; and
o Manifest appreciation in the importance of helpful ways in
preventing the risks factors in outdoor activity.
LEARNING COMPETENCY:

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PRE-ASSESSMENT
Direction: True or False: Read each item carefully. Write the word True if the
statement is correct and False if the statement is wrong. Write your answers in
your activity notebook.
_________1. Wear jeans or short pants for outdoor hiking trips.
_________ 2. Make sure that you are physically fit for outdoor activities.
_________ 3. Safety is the common goal of any outdoor education.
_________ 4. Indoor activities include camping and hiking.
_________ 5. Risk identification refers to the range of strategies that will minimize
the risks to an acceptable level.
_________ 6. In an outdoor activity like hiking, the group’s pacing should be the
pace of the lead man.
_________ 7. The balance of the amount of food you eat with enough physical
activity can help you maintain a healthy weight range.
_________ 8. Active outdoor recreational activities are everyone’s responsibility.
_________ 9. The “Leave No Trace Policy” is the implementation of bringing your
trash at home.
_________ 10. Be courteous to other visitors as well as to wildlife.
Let’s see how you scored in the pre-assessment.
Advance 8-10
Proficiency 6-7
Approaching proficiency 4-5
Developing 2-3
Beginning 1 and below
What I Know

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https://www.ontarioparks.com/parksblog/five-outdoor-activities-
improve-health/
Task 1: Pag may Time!
This activity will reveal how you
spent your whole day with some outdoor
activities. From the given table below,
provide what is being asked and then
answer the processing questions right
after. Write answers in your activity
notebook.
Objectives:
• Determine your outdoor
activity during your free time.
• Differentiate the sets of time as to the kind of activity conducted.
Time of the day Outdoor Activities Done
Amount of time spent in
the activity
(in minutes)
For example:
MORNING Jogging 60 minutes
MORNING
AFTERNOON
EVENING
Note: You can list as many activities you have done.
Task 2: Processing Questions
1. Which among the activities attend to your leisure needs? Explain why?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Why do you engage in those activities? Support your answer.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
What’s In

6. 5
Instructions: Read and answer the questions carefully. Write your answer in your
activity notebook.
1. What do you think are the risks of outdoor activities? Cite some examples.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. Why is it important for us to know the different risks of outdoor activities?
Explain your answer.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. How will you able to manage those risks in preventing yourself from injuries
and danger? Support your answer.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
MANAGING RISK
According to Parkin and Blades (1998), “Managing risk in outdoor education
hinges on the reduction of the degree of real
risk to a level considered acceptable to
everyday exposure. Understandably, this aim
may be an objective of any outdoor program
where risk of injury is inherent. Safety is a
paramount consideration; however, it cannot
be guaranteed. This is because there are
many factors over which little or no control
can be exerted (e.g. sudden rock fall, gear
failure, human error, or inclement weather).
In most cases it is more practical to reduce
risk than to impose a rigid set of safety
standards or safety precautions”.
What’s New
What is It
https://adventureed.org/risk-management-for-outdoor-
programmes/

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Parkin and Blades (1998) identify the three (3) main steps to the management of
risk in any outdoor education program:
1. Risk Identification – primarily involves the identification of the dangers or
hazards that can give risk and thereby causing an accident.
2. Risk Assessment – degree of risk and the probability of an incident occurring
relates to the assessment of risk.
3. Risk Reduction – implement a range of strategies that will minimize risks to
an acceptable level in an attempt to prevent incidents from occurring.
In www.education.vic.gov.au, “a range of hazards can be present in the
activities being performed outdoors and the environment in which they are
conducted”.
In addition, hazards associated with outdoor activities may include but are not
limited to:
✓ traffic and pedestrian management
✓ ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure
✓ adverse weather conditions (rain, wind, ice, temperature
extremes etc.)
✓ natural disasters (storms, fire, floods etc.)
✓ animals and insects
✓ noxious plants
✓ general environment (sharp objects, trip hazards, terrain etc.)
✓ participants with pre-existing medical conditions
✓ injuries and accidents
✓ uncontrolled environments (public places, strangers etc.)
✓ workplace bullying and occupational violence.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/

8. 7
Essential Tips for the Outdoor Safety
In www.fs.fed.us, the most effective way to prevent mishaps is to adequately
prepare for the trip. Knowledge of the area, weather, terrain, limitations of your body,
plus a little common sense can help to ensure a safe and enjoyable trip.
The website introduces the following essential tips for outdoor activities:
1. Travel with companion.
You don't want to be by yourself in case of an emergency. Leave a copy of your
itinerary with a responsible person. Include such details as the make, year, and license
plate of your car, the equipment you're bringing, the weather you've anticipated, and
when you plan to return. If you'll be entering a remote area, your group should have a
minimum of four people; this way, if one is hurt, another can stay with the victim while
two go for help. If you'll be going into an area that is unfamiliar to you, take along
someone who knows the area or at least speak with those who do before you set out. If
an area is closed, do not go there. Know ahead of time the location of the nearest
telephone or ranger station in case an emergency does occur on your trip.
2. Be in good physical condition.
Set a comfortable pace as you hike. A group trip should be designed for the weakest
member of the group. If you have any medical conditions, discuss your plans with your
health care provider and get approval before departing. Make sure you have the skills
you need for your camping or hiking adventure. You may need to know how to read a
compass, erect a temporary shelter, or give first aid. Practice your skills in advance. If
9your trip will be strenuous, get into good physical condition before setting out. If you
plan to climb or travel to high altitudes, make plans for proper acclimatization to the
altitude.
3. Think about your footing while traveling near cliffs. Trees and bushes can't
always be trusted to hold you. Stay on developed trails or dry, solid rock areas with good
footing.
4. Wear appropriate clothing for the trail conditions and season.
5. Check your equipment. Keep your equipment in good working order. Inspect it
before your trip. Do not wait until you are at the trailhead. Be sure to pack emergency
signaling devices.
6. Be weather wise. Keep an eye on current and predicted weather conditions. In this
area, weather can change very quickly. Know the signs for approaching storms or
changing weather conditions. Avoid bare ridge tops, exposed places, lone trees,
streams, and rocks during lightning storms. Find shelter in a densely forested area at a
lower elevation. Even in the summer, exposure to wind and rain can result in
hypothermia.
7. Learn basic first aid so you will know how to identify and treat injuries and illnesses.
Carry a first aid kit with you. Learn how to identify the symptoms of heat exhaustion, heat
stroke, hypothermia, and dehydration, and know how to treat them.
8. Make camp before dark. Traveling after darkness has resulted in many accidents
from falls, so travel only during daylight. Set up camp well away from the edge of cliffs
and learn the terrain during daylight. If you have to leave camp after dark, stay in areas
you have seen in daylight, go with a friend, and always use a good flashlight.

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9. Be alert for slippery areas and take your time to avoid tripping. Low-hanging
branches and variable terrains make running unsafe, and leaves can hide slippery areas
underneath.
10. Alcohol and cliffs don't mix. If you drink, stay away from the cliffs. Judgment,
agility, and balance are all reduced by alcohol consumption.
11. Think before you drink! No matter how clean or pure stream water looks, it's likely
to contain water-borne parasites and microorganisms that can cause discomfort and
sometimes serious illness. Pack your water in or purify through chemical treatment.
Task 3: Risk Identification
Direction: Copy the graphic organizer in your notebook and identify the risks
associated with different outdoor recreational activities. Write your answer in your
notebook.
Task 4: Risk Assessment
Direction: Copy the table in your notebook and give what is being asked below.
Write your answers in your notebook.
Hazard
Observed
Who may be
harmed?
Possible
Outcome
Risk
Rating
Before
Controls
Control
Measures
Risk Rating
After
Current
Controls
Further
Controls
Required
Risk
Rating
After
Addition
al
Controls
1.Ultra-
violet
(UV)
radiation
exposure
-re
Recreationist Sun-
burned
skin
Nil Sunscreen
and
sunblock
lotion
Nil N/A N/A
2.
What’s More
Risk associated
with outdoor
activity

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3.
The use of a colored risk rating matrix such as the example provided below helps
determine the risk rating above.
Source: https://public-library.safetyculture.io/products/risk-assessment-template-fETAU
Direction: Complete the following statements:
1. I will follow____________________________________________________.
2. I will practice__________________________________________________.
3. I will prevent myself from ______________________________________.
4. I will use ______________________________________________________.
What I Have Learned

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5. I will promote__________________________________________________.
Direction: In a ¼ illustration board or cartolina, create an info-graphic or info-poster
that promotes responsible outdoor recreation in this time of Covid-19 pandemic.
Your output will be graded using the rubric below.
Examples:
Source: https://www.lrp.usace.army.mil/Media/News-Stories/Article/2160969/corps-encourages-responsible-
recreation-for-earth-day/
Source: https://koa.com/campgrounds/lena/blog/covid-responsible-recreation_e0363dd6-a9ef-4f2a-9a5d-
5ac36cae969d/
What I Can Do

12. 11
Rubric for the poster:
Adapted: https://www.schrockguide.net/uploads/3/9/2/2/392267/schrock_infographic_rubric.pdf
A. True or False: Write the word “True” if the statement is correct and “False”
if the statement is wrong. Write your answer in your activity notebook.
____1. Adverse weather conditions such as rain, wind, ice, temperature extremes,
etc. are hazards.
____2. You should wear sneakers or sandals during trekking or hiking.
____3. Before you leave for your trip, make sure that you have a contact person who
knows all your emergency details.
____4. If going on overnight hikes, plan your meals accordingly. If traveling with a
big group, divide the team into smaller groups and assign a meal per small group.
Assessment

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What
I
Know
1.
False
2.
True
3.
True
4.
False
5.
False
6.
True
7.
True
8.
True
9.
True
10.
True
What’s
in
Answers
may
vary
What’s
new
Answers
may
vary
What’s
more
Answers
may
vary
____5. Make sure you are physically fit for the hike. You should have ample
endurance to prepare yourself for long walks.
B. Complete the flow chart with the five (5) steps of Risk Assessment. Write your
answers in your notebook.
Direction: In your notebook, answer the following question: What is the importance
of knowing the helpful ways in preventing the risks factors in outdoor activities?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
Additional Activity
Answer Key
What
I
can
do
Answers
may
vary
Assessment
A.
1.
True
2.
False
3.
True
4.
True
5.
True
B.
The
five
(5)
steps
of
Risk
Assessment
Step
1:
Identifying
the
hazards
Step
2:
Decide
who
might
be
harmed
and
how
Step
3:
Evaluate
the
risks
and
decide
on
control
measures
Step
4:
Record
your
findings
Step
5:
Review
your
assessment
and
update
as
and
when
necessary

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References
Jose P. Doria, Madonna C. Gonzales, Lawrence Jay Sedilla, Janeth Cagulang, Physical Education &
Health-Grade 9: Learner’s Material (Pasig City: Department of Education, 2014)
n.d. Accessed February 20, 2021. http://www.projectnatureed.com.au/
n.d. Accessed February 20, 2021. https://earthwatch.org.uk/
n.d. Accessed February 20, 2021. http://www.rei.com/learn/expert-advice/backpacking-beginners.html
https://www.ontarioparks.com/parksblog/five-outdoor-activities-improve-health/
Parkin, Danny and Blades, Genny.(1998). Risk Management and Outdoor Education: a practical
approach to ensuring positive outcomes. Outdoor Educator’s Association. Accessed April 27, 2021.
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.587.4420&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://adventureed.org/risk-management-for-outdoor-programmes/
https://www.education.vic.gov.au/hrweb/safetyhw/Pages/outdooractivities.aspx Accessed April 27,
2021.
https://www.fs.fed.us/recreation/safety/safety.shtml. Accessed April 27, 2021
https://www.lrp.usace.army.mil/Media/News-Stories/Article/2160969/corps-encourages-responsible-
recreation-for-earth-day/. Accessed April 27, 2021
https://koa.com/campgrounds/lena/blog/covid-responsible-recreation_e0363dd6-a9ef-4f2a-9a5d-
5ac36cae969d/. Accessed April 27, 2021
https://www.schrockguide.net/uploads/3/9/2/2/392267/schrock_infographic_rubric.pdf. Accessed April
27, 2021
https://public-library.safetyculture.io/products/risk-assessment-template-fETAU. Accessed April 27,
2021

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental
Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental
Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net