This document discusses object-oriented analysis and design using the Unified Process. It describes using various modeling techniques like use case diagrams, activity diagrams, system sequence diagrams, class diagrams, and statechart diagrams to capture system requirements and define the problem domain. The relationships between these models are explored, with the use case diagram and class diagram forming the primary models to integrate all object-oriented requirements.
Process and template for Software development. It is based on Craig Larman\'s software development process. It also describes how to use UML in your project
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Process and template for Software development. It is based on Craig Larman\'s software development process. It also describes how to use UML in your project
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
block diagram and signal flow graph representation
Module-2 PPT.ppt
1.
2. 2
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
(i) Detailed Object-Oriented
Requirements Definitions
System requirements captured with OO models
“Divide and conquer” strategy toward complexity
Two subsets of OO modeling approach
Use case driven extending four specific models
◘Use case diagrams, use case descriptions, activity
diagrams, system sequence diagrams
Object driven extending statechart diagram
4. 4
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Detailed Object-Oriented
Requirements Definitions
(continued)
Use case diagram: table of contents for business events
System sequence diagrams (SSDs)
Define and order sequence of inputs and outputs
Information flows referred to as messages
Class diagrams
Identify real-world “things”
Determine the structure of the programming classes
Statechart diagram describes collection of object states
5. 5
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
(ii) System Processes—A Use
Case/Scenario View
Define use cases into two tiers:
Overview level derived from:
◘Event table and use case diagrams
Detailed level derived from combination of:
◘Use case description
◘Activity diagram
◘Sequence diagram
6. 6
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Use Cases and Actors
Source
Person or thing initiating the business event
Must be external to the system
Actor
Person or thing that touches the system
Lies outside of automation boundary
Identifying actors at the right level of detail
Assume actors (even non-human types) have hands
Use case is a goal that the actor wants to achieve
7. 7
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
The Use Case Diagram
Notation for use case diagrams
Simple stick figure represents an actor
Actor’s hands indicate direct system access
Use case itself symbolized by an oval
Connecting lines match actors to use cases
Actors may also be other system interfaces
May be represented with stick figure or rectangle
9. 9
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Automation Boundary and
Organization
Expand use case diagrams with other actors and use
cases
Relationship line: allows each actor to interact with
each use case
Automation boundary
Line drawn around the entire set of use cases
Defines interface between actors and computer system
10. 10
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-3
A Use Case Diagram of the Order-Entry Subsystem for RMO,
Showing a System Boundary
11. 11
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-4
A Use Case Diagram of the Customer Support System (by Subsystem)
12. 12
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
« Includes » Relationships
«includes» or «uses» relationship
Use case calling services of common subroutine
Common subroutine itself becomes additional use case
Examples: “Validate customer account” and “Look
Up Item Availability”
Notation
Relationship denoted by connecting line with arrow
Direction of the arrow indicates major/minor cases
13. 13
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-6
An Example of the Order-entry Subsystem With «Includes» Use Cases
14. 14
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Developing a Use Case
Diagram
Two ways to identify additional use cases
Divide one large use case into two
Define another use case based on a common subroutine
Distinguish between temporal and state events
Iterative process translates business events to use cases
[1] Identify the actors and roles for each use case
[2] Extract system response to business events
Data of system stabilizes after completion of the goal
15. 15
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Use Case Detailed Descriptions
Use cases have internal complexity
Sequence of steps to execute business process
Several variations may exist within single use case
◘Valid variation known as scenario
Example: “Create new order” varies from phone to
Internet order
Work with variety of diagrams and descriptions
for each use case
16. 16
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Use Case Detailed Descriptions
(continued)
Use case descriptions written at (3) levels of detail
Brief description
◘Summary statement conjoined to activity diagram
Intermediate description
◘Expands brief description with internal flow of activities
Fully Developed Description
◘Expands intermediate description for richer view
18. 18
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-8
Intermediate Description of Telephone Order Scenario for Create
New Order Use Case
19. 19
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Use Case Detailed Descriptions
(continued)
Fully developed use case description
Superset of intermediate and brief descriptions
Consists of eleven compartments
User, actor, stakeholder, EBP, and conditions
identified
Activity Diagram Description
Document the workflows of business processes
Document flow of activities for use case scenarios
Form basis of system sequence diagrams (SSDs)
20. 20
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-10
Fully Developed Description of Telephone Order Scenario for
Create New Order Use Case
21. 21
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-12
Activity Diagram of the Telephone Order Scenario
22. 22
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
(iii) Identifying Inputs and
Outputs—the System Sequence
Diagram
System sequence diagram (SSD)
Describes flow of information
Identifies interaction between actors and system
Message oriented
23. 23
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
SSD Notation
Actor “interacts” with the system via input/output
SSDs use object notation
Box (rectangle) refers to individual object
Name of the object underlined
Messages sent/received by objects, not classes
Lifeline
Extension of object or actor for duration of the SSD
Indicates sequence of the messages sent/received
25. 25
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
SSD Notation (continued)
Message syntax can take several forms
Depends on send/return direction
Message semantics: actions (like commands)
invoked on destination object
Complete message notation:*[true/false condition]
return-value := message-name (parameter-list)
26. 26
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-15
Repeating Message (A) Detailed Notation (B) Alternate Notation
27. 27
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Developing a System Sequence
Diagram
Begin with detailed description of use case
Fully developed form
Activity diagrams
(4) step process for turning activity diagram into SSD
[1] Identify the input messages
[2] Describe messages from external actor to system
[3] Identify/apply special conditions to input messages
[4] Identify and add the output return messages
28. 28
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-16
A Simplified Diagram of the Telephone Order Scenario
29. 29
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Developing a System Sequence
Diagram (continued)
Names of messages reflect services performed
Important principle for identifying data parameters
Base the list on the class diagram
Attributes from the classes listed as parameters
Iteratively define input/output parameters around
workflows
Objective: discovery and understanding
30. 30
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-17
An SSD of the Simplified Telephone Order Scenario for the Create New
Order Use Case
31. 31
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
(iv) Identifying the Object
BehaviorStatechart Diagram
A state is an abstraction of the values and links of an
object.
UML notation for state- a rounded box Containing an
optional state name, list the state name in boldface, center
the name near the top of the box, capitalize the fist letter.
A state in a statechart similar to status condition
Spans many business events
Developed for complex problem domain classes
32. 32
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-19
Simple Statechart for a Printer
Statechart diagram Composed of ovals representing status of
object and Arrows represent transitions
33. 33
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Identifying the Object
Behaviorthe Statechart
Diagram (continued)
Guidelines to help identify states
Check naming convention for status conditions
Simple states reflect simple conditions such as “On”
Complex states labeled with verb phrases
◘Example: “Being shipped”
Active states usually not labeled with nouns
Describe only states of being of the object itself
Status conditions reported to management/customers
◘Example: “Shipped”
34. 34
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Nested States And
Concurrency
Concurrency: condition of being in more than one
state at a time
Two modes of representation
Use synchronization bars and concurrent paths
Nest low-level states inside higher-level states
Higher-level states also called composite states
Complex structure of sets of states and transitions
Represent a higher level of abstraction
36. 36
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Figure 6-21
Concurrent Paths for the Printer in the On State
37. 37
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Rules for Developing
Statecharts
[1] Select the classes that will require statecharts
[2] List all the status conditions for each group
[3] Specify transitions that cause object to leave
the identified state
[4] Sequence state-transition combinations in
correct order
38. 38
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Rules for Developing
Statecharts (continued)
[5] Identify concurrent paths.
[6] Look for additional transitions
[7] Expand each transition as appropriate
[8] Review and test each statechart
39. 39
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Developing RMO Statecharts
Review the domain class diagram
Select classes with status conditions that need to
be tracked
Candidates: Order, OrderItem, InventoryItem,
Shipment, Customer
Choose Order and OrderItem
Simplicity
Location in the class hierarchy
40. 40
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Developing The Order Item
State Chart
Identify possible status conditions of interest
“Ready to be shipped”
“On back order”
“Shipped”
Continue developing statechart according to eight rules
43. 43
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Developing the Order State
Chart
States mirror the life cycle of an order
Application of rules leads to greater complexity
Concurrent states
New transitions
Benefits of developing a statechart for an object
Captures and clarifies business rules
Gain true understanding of system requirements
46. 46
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
(v) Integrating Object-Oriented
Models
Primary (or source) models
Use case diagram
Problem domain class diagram
CRUD(Create, Read, Update, Delete) analysis
validates model completeness
Construction of one model depends on another
Models capturing processes of new system
Use case diagram and models to lower left
Models capturing information about classes
Class diagrams and dependencies
48. 48
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Summary
OOA family of models documents users’ needs and
defines system requirements
Use case detailed models (descriptive or activity)
Sequence diagrams (SSDs)
Domain model class diagrams
Statechart diagrams
49. 49
Object-Oriented Analysis and Design with the Unified Process
Summary (continued)
Use case: single system function responding to an
event
Actors: human users or system interfaces that initiate
system response
System function decomposed into workflows
SSDs, domain models, statecharts emulate routines
and object interaction
Software engineering terms signal transition into
design phase