The document discusses the professionalization of teaching. It outlines the requirements of a profession, including specialized knowledge, discretion and judgment in work, and provision of essential services. It covers specialized preparation teachers receive, standards like INTASC, professional development opportunities, career advancement structures, teacher evaluation, and teachers' organizations that promote the profession.

1. Module 2 Toward Professional Status Chapter 2 ED 310-P60 Professional Foundations of Education Lewis Clark State College Melinda Butler, PhD

2. This PowerPoint Highlights your reading The majority of the content here is based on your reading and author’s outline. It becomes the “lecture” for your online course

3. Teaching as a Profession Is teaching a profession? What is the professional model ?

4. Requirements of a Profession According to the National Relations Act Requires advanced knowledge and a prolonged period of specialized study. Be an intellectual endeavor that involves discretion and judgment. Has an output that cannot be standardized.

5. American Association of Colleges of Teacher Education says a profession: Has agreed-upon performance standards. Provides services essential to society that requires decision making Autonomy in day to day work ad relative freedom from direct supervision Professional Societies that function for promotion of the profession

6. Specialized Knowledge and Preparation a broad grounding in liberal arts and sciences a knowledge of subjects to be taught, skills to be developed, and about curriculum and materials a knowledge of general and subject-specific methods a knowledge of students and human development L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Specialized Knowledge and Preparation (continued) skills in teaching students from a variety of racial, ethnic, and socio-economic backgrounds the skills, capacity, and disposition to use knowledge wisely in the interest of students L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

8. Provision of Essential Services to Society “ If a nation expects to be ignorant and free in a state of civilization, it expects what never was and never will be.” Thomas Jefferson, 1816 to Charles Yancey, as cited in Lipscomb, A. A., & Bergh, A. E. (1903-1904). The writings of Thomas Jefferson. Memorial edition, Vol. 14, p. 384. Washington, D.C.: The Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association.

9. The Exercise of Discretion Teachers routinely exercise discretion and judgment in providing services to students in the classroom. Teachers follow school policies and regulations, district curriculum guides, and state requirements.

10. Autonomy and Freedom From Direct Supervision Teachers have a high degree of autonomy in day-to-day work. Teachers function in the social setting of the school. Parents and taxpayers have an interest in ensuring that teachers are responsible professionals. Some degree of supervision of teachers is necessary.

11. Code of Professional Standards Teachers are policed by public agencies. Professional practice boards or commissions may: take disciplinary action, following a review of any questionable professional conduct

12. Professional Code of Ethics A Code of Ethics is a collection of moral standards that guide a professional. The Federal Government, States, and Professional Organizations have developed a Code of Ethics for teachers. Although they each have their own, with a few differences they are very much in alignment with each other.

13. Idaho Code of Ethics Download the Idaho Code of Ethics summary found on the course home page. Look it over You will be asked to go over the Code of Ethics when entering your student teaching internship

14. Increased Professionalization of Teaching standards for teacher education preparation state licensing requirements entry-level examinations professional certification programs performance-based pay programs career with opportunities for advancement L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

15. Professional Standards INTASC INTASC Principles = Interstate New Teachers Assessment and Support Consortium These standards reflect the professional consensus of what beginning teachers should know and be able to do.

16. INSTAC Principals Content Pedagogy Student Development Diverse Learners Multiple Instructional Strategies Motivation and Management Communication and Technology Planning Assessment Reflective Practice: Professional Growth School and Community Involvement

17. National Board Certification National Board of Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) Individualized portfolio assesses knowledge demonstrates skills shows professional judgment Professional and financial incentives L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

18. Professional Development state professional development activities professional organizations conferences focused workshops action research projects staff development L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

19. Professional Development (continued) mentoring programs self-renewal sabbaticals for advanced study periodic change of school or teaching assignment attendance at workshops or conferences visitation programs L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

20. Career Advancement Career ladders performance-based ladders job-enlargement ladders professional development ladders probationary or apprentice teacher professional teacher senior teacher master teacher Teacher-leaders L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

21. Evaluating Teacher Performance Types of teacher evaluation Summative designed to assess end-of-activity behaviors and overall performance Formative ongoing; intended to provide continuing feedback L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.

22. Teachers’ Organizations national teachers’ organizations state organizations for teachers local organizations for teachers subject-matter organizations for teachers teachers’ organizations and public policy issues L. Dean Webb, Arlene Metha, & K. Forbis Jordan . Foundations of American Education, 5e . Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.