This document provides an overview of key project management concepts. It defines a project as a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique purpose, with specific outcomes, performance levels, and budgets. Project management involves applying skills and techniques to manage project activities and meet stakeholder needs and expectations. The document discusses project characteristics, life cycles with different phases, organizational structures that influence projects, and the roles and skills of a project manager.

1. Project Management -
Overview

2. Module:02 Project Management
Overview
PM Knowledge Areas
Project Life cycles
Project Phases
Product Life cycles
Organizational Structures
PM Job Functions
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3. Project
 What is Project?
 Converting a vision, a dream or a need to reality.
 Planned Activity with finite start and finish.
 Project – Formal Definition
A Project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a
unique purpose.
ForEg:
 An Activity / a job that has a beginning and an end (Time)
 A specified outcome(Scope)
 At a stated level of Performance(Quality)
 At a budget(Costs).
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4. Project Characteristics
 All Projects have similar Attributes,
1. Each Project has its own “Unique Purpose”.
2. Projects are “ Temporary” with Time Constraints.
3. Project require resources from various areas.
4. Commercial projects should have a sponsor / a customer.
5. Projects involve uncertainty.
6. Projects are constrained with its,
 Scope
 Time
 Cost
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5. Project Management
 Project Management :
The Application of knowledge, skills , tools & techniques to
project activities in order to meet stakeholder needs &
expectations from a project.
 Needs : stated part of the project
 Expectations : unstated part of the project
 “Completion of Project on time within Budget without
comprising Quality”
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6. Why do companies use PM?
 To handle projects effectively in an organization.
 To define the project and agree with the customer.
 To plan and assess resource needs for the project.
 To estimate project cost and make proposals.
 To plan & schedule activities in a project.
 To allocate the right resource at the right time.
 To assess risk and failure points and make backup plans.
 To lead a project team effectively and communicate well.
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7. Project Management Plan
 Tells How work will be done”
The key to a successful project is on planning. All the detailed
planning work for different aspects of the project is
integrated into one single plan known as the Project
Management Plan.
Project
Input
Goal
Team
Money
Time
Equipment
Output
Deliverables
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8. Project Management Process
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9. Project Management Process Groups
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10. PM Knowledge Areas
PM Knowledge
Areas
Cost
Change
Document
Integration
1
Scope
2
Time 3
4
Quality
5
Risk
8
Human
Resource
Communi
Cation
7
Procure
ment
9
6
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11. Project Life Cycle & Project Phases
 A project life cycle is the sequence of phases that a project goes
through from its initiation to its closure.
 Which vary with the project or industry. Some general phases
like Concept, Development, Implementation, and Support.
 Project Phases
 The Initiation Phase: Starting of the project
 The Planning Phase: Organizing and Preparing
 The Execution Phase: Carrying out the project
 The Termination Phase: Closing the project
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12. Project Life Cycle
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13. Product Life Cycle
 The product life cycle has 4 stages, each with its own
characteristics,
 Introduction Stage – This stage of the cycle could be the most
expensive for a company launching a new product.
 Growth Stage – The growth stage is typically characterized by a
strong growth in sales and profits.
 Maturity Stage – During the maturity stage, the product is
established.
 Decline Stage – Eventually, the market for a product will start to
shrink, and this is what’s known as the decline stage.
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14. Product Life Cycle - Example
 Introduction – 3D TVs
 Growth – Blueray discs/DVR
 Maturity – DVD
 Decline – Video cassette
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15. Product Life Cycle - for software products
 Typical SDLC framework is followed in Software Product.
 SDLC Phases include Planning, analysis, design, implementation
and support.
 There are several SDLC models such as,
 Water fall model – well defined, linear stages of system
development and support.
 Spiral Model – products are developed using iterative approach
rather than linear approach.
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16. Organizational Structures
 What is Organizational Structures ?
How job tasks are formally divided, grouped, and
coordinated.
Key Elements:
• Work specialization
• Departmentalization
• Chain of command
• Span of control
• Centralization and
decentralization
• Formalization
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17. Organizational Structures and frames
 The organizational structures and frames helps the
program manager in product development,
 There are our basic organizational frames,
Structural Frame – Focuses on R&R and C&C.
Political Frame – Focuses on conflict and power.
HR Frame – Focuses on needs of the people.
Symbolic Frame - Focuses on symbols and meanings related
to events
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18. Influences of Organizational Structures on Projects
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19. Project Management Job Functions
 What does the Project Managers do?
 PMs /Administrators who achieve goals through other
people.
Managerial Activities
• Make decisions
• Allocate resources
• Direct activities of others to
attain goals
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20. Project Management Job Functions
 It is strongly suggested by the author that the PMs must develop
the following skills,
 Communication Skills – Listening and Persuading
 Organizational Skills – Planning , Goal Setting and Analyzing
 Team Building Skills – People Skills, Motivation and empathy etc…
 Leadership Skills – Sets Example, Energetic, Visionary etc…
 Coping Skills – Flexibility, Creativity , Patience, and Persistence
 Technological Skills – Expertise in technologies, project and
Experience
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