here some intersting inventions are

1. Assignment No. 2
Submitted by:
Niku
Civil Engg. 7th se .
1704044
Submitted to:
Mr. Jatin Anand
(Asst. Prof. of Civil Engineering Department)
CT Institute of Engineering Managment & technology,
Shahpur, Jalandhar
Department of Civil Engineering

2. Amazing Inventions That Will
Save Our Planet
Every 2 hours, we throw away enough trash to
fill up the largest container ship in the world.
Thankfully, people are now setting all kinds of
eco-friendly trends, and companies are
coming up with green technologies that let
consumers live a low-waste yet equally
comfortable lifestyle. Here are some of the
best examples!

3. 1.Edible Cutlery

4. Edible Cutlery
What is the purpose of edible cutlery?
Edible Cutlery, as its called, is an upcoming line of plant-
based eating utensils that are totally safe to eat. For
Bakeys, the motivation behind Edible Cutlery is drawn
from issues like environmental sustainability, climate
change, and the global water crisis.
What is edible cutlery made of?
Made from dough of wheat, jowar and rice powder, the
edible spoons are crunchy and available in three different
flavours: sweet, salty and plain.

6. Case Study
The global edible cutlery market size was valued at USD 22.6 million
in 2018. Growing awareness regarding the urgency to control the
pollution caused by plastics is expected to force cutlery
manufacturers to develop eco-friendly products. The majority of
non-profit organizations and business affiliates have launched
various programs aimed at reducing the consumption of plastic.
On the other hand, plastic products have been polluting the
environment as they are non-biodegradable in nature. Considering
all this, edible cutlery act as an appropriate alternatives to plastics
and steel. For instance, in May 2019, Etihad Airways introduced the
use of edible coffee cups to reduce its plastic uses up to 80% by
2022, leading to a reduction of 17 tons of plastic every month.
Similarly, various other airlines have adopted this strategy to
enhance their contribution to environmental protection.

7. 2.Toothpaste Pills

8. Toothpaste Pills
What are toothpaste tablets?
Toothpaste tablets are a plastic-free, and convenient, way to clean
your teeth. Available in minty tabs or charcoal mint tabs great for
travel. Packaged in glass with a metal lid.
How do you take toothpaste pills?
Directions for Use: Place one tablet in the front of your mouth, chew
it until there are no bits and then brush with a wetted brush as
normal. Spit it out as you normally would, but do not rinse your
mouth out, leave a coating on your teeth to remineralise them.

10. Key factors
• An estimated 1 billion plastic toothpaste tubes end up in landfills
each year. But one sustainability-minded company, Bite, is trying to
change that.
• Introducing toothpaste pills. The tiny little toothpaste “capsules”
are made from all-natural toothpaste ingredients pressed into pill
form. Once you pop one in your mouth, just bite down until the pill
starts to foam, then begin brushing. Yep, you don’t even need water
(except to rinse, obvi), so using them on the go works great, too.
• The best part? They’re plastic-free and stored in a glass bottle that’s
meant to be refillable, so double whammy on cutting back on
plastic and saving the earth with non-harmful ingredients (YGG!).
They come in two varieties: whitening mint and mint with activated
charcoal.

11. 3.Old Plastic Bottles as a Light Bulbs

12. Old Plastic Bottles as a Light Bulbs
Plastic bottles are filled with water and bleach, which eliminates
algae from turning the water green. The bottles are then installed
into roofs of houses and begin working as a mirror on the roof,
refracting the light in 360 degrees and offering a natural light bulb
during the day.
Case Study
Around 25,000 low-income homes in the Philippines have been lit
up after the launch of a scheme to fit sunlight-powered "bulbs"
made from old plastic bottles.

14. Cont.…..
• In a country where 40% of the population lives off less than $2 a day, the rising
cost of power leaves many unable to afford electricity. Some use candles as a
light source, but when generations of family members share a small, dark
space in shanty towns, accidental and destructive fires are often the result.
• The Litre of Light project was launched six months ago by the My Shelter
Foundation, a Philippines-based NGO which aims to provide light to 1 million
of the roughly 12 million homes who are either still without light or live on the
threshold of having their electricity shut down.
• The scheme uses plastic bottles filled with a solution of bleached water,
installed into holes made in shanty towns' corrugated iron roofs, which then
refracts the equivalent of 55W of sunlight into the room – during the day, at
least. It takes five minutes to make, and using a hammer, rivet, metal sheets,
sandpaper and epoxy, it costs $1 to produce.

15. 4.Edible water balls

16. Edible water balls
A London-based start-up has come up with a unique solution to cut
plastic waste - by creating edible spheres containing water that
eliminate the need for containers. The spheres, called “Ooho”, have a
jelly-like membrane made of plant and seaweed extracts that
decompose after four to six weeks if not consumed.
How much do edible water balls cost?
Ooho is a ball of water encapsulated by a jelly-like membrane made of
algae and calcium chloride. It costs just two cents to make and requires
no plastic. Bottled water is an awful idea.

18. Case study
• Ooho!- Water you can eat
• Ooho! is product name of a biodegradable water “bottle” that
eliminates the use of plastic packaging. It is developed by
London-based Skipping Rocks Lab and it uses biodegradable
seaweed (algae) and calcium chloride-based edible membrane.
Its design is based on the way nature stores water as little blob.
To create these blobs, spheres of ice are treated with a liquid
form of the seaweed-derived membrane. As the membrane
solidifies and the water melts, this creates a portable and eco-
friendly serving of packaged water. Ohoo! received about
$30,000 in sustainability grant from the European Union for its
initiative to scale the market competitively

19. 5.Shampoo Pods

20. Shampoo Pods
• Why Single-Use Tablets?
• Most consumers looking for a way to decrease their use of
single-use plastics have not yet discovered the perfect shower
product, as shampoo and conditioner bars tend to be difficult
to manage and wasteful once you get to the last of them. You
can never use the entire thing, and they aren’t very sanitary
or aesthetically appealing once they’ve been used. You also
have to wait for them to dry so if you’re travelling they need
to be placed in a small baggie that then becomes slimy.
• Benjamin Stern invented his shampoo pods when he was 14.

21. Benjamin Stern

22. MEET NOHBO (case study)
• In 2018, NOHBO unleashed its Drop line. Following years of extensive
research & development, and thousands of hours locking themes in the lab
till breakthroughs were reached, the team behind NOHBO successfully
developed the world’s first single use, water soluble Drop for personal care
products.
• One simply takes a shampoo drop in their hands under shower water, and
the product melts instantly.
• NOHBO Drops are comprised of two parts; An outer film utilising the most
advanced up-and-coming water-soluble technology, alongside a moisturising
base comprised of shampoo, conditioner, body wash OR shaving cream.
• NOHBO was quickly formed in an effort to combat that waste, and create a
superior line of eco-friendly personal care products.
• NOHBO say they seek to solve environmental problems with eco-friendly
solutions that help to prevent plastic waste in our ecosystems, all while
delivering a superior showering and hygiene experience.

23. SINGLE-USE POD TECHNOLOGY IS VERY NEW AND
EXCITING
NOHBO’s first product, a signature Shampoo Drop, is one of 4 core lines set to be
released. Their conditioner, body wash, and shaving cream Drop lines are due to
launch in the Spring of 2019.
NOHBO’s philosophy is to treat your body and the earth with equal care, so they
ensure their products are designed around that mind-set. The packaging is even
derived from biodegradable plant plastic materials.
The people at NOHBO believe safety comes first, especially when dealing with
podded products in a household environment.
So that’s why the products are natural and comprised of mostly food grade
ingredients.
NOHBO has added a bitter flavour to keep away curious mouths, and configured
the packaging to be durable against young hands.
Nevertheless, even with these deterrents in place, the makers strongly
recommend NOHBO Drops be kept away from young children and the showers
that the young ones wash in.

24. 6.Biodegradable plastic Bags

25. Biodegradable plastic Bags
• In the past years, we have discussed many sources of
bio plastic . From cheese waste to pine needles, and
from milk to cow dung, all of these materials are a
viable source to make a more sustainable world. In
honour of Plastic Bag Free Day, today we discuss two
sources to make plastic bags from biodegradable
material: made from cassava starch that dissolve in
water, and bio plastic bags made from shrimp waste.

26. cassava starch plant

28. Cassava plastic bags(CS)
• Cassava is a cheap and common root vegetable across Indonesia,
home of the inventor of the plastic, Kevin Kumala. The bioplastic
contains cassava starch, vegetable oil, and organic resins.The
material is biodegradable and compostable, breaking down over a
period of months on land or at sea. However, it dissolves instantly
in hot water. The inventor claims it leaves no trace of toxic residue,
which he demonstrates by drinking the dissolved plastic.
• While bioplastics should of course be supported and applauded, as
petroleum based plastic products are slowly destroying our oceans,
using edible resources may not be the most viable option. Unless
we all start drinking our cassava plastic bags, we should keep
looking for alternative resources to make bioplastics

29. THANK YOU