The document summarizes recent developments supporting breastfeeding in Wisconsin:
- Governor Jim Doyle signed the Right to Breastfeed Act, making Wisconsin the 45th state to protect a mother's right to breastfeed in public without harassment.
- The new law will help normalize breastfeeding in public.
- The 2010 federal healthcare reform act now requires employers to provide break time and private spaces for nursing mothers to express breast milk.
This document is an excerpt from a magazine about pregnancy, babies, and parenting. It provides short articles on topics like baby products, parenting advice, health studies, and name trends. It also advertises various baby items and brands. The magazine seems aimed at expecting and new mothers in Ireland, providing the latest information and tips to help them through pregnancy and early parenting.
Breastfeeding provides optimal nutrition for infants. It has benefits for both mother and baby, including promoting postpartum weight loss and emotional health for mothers. For babies, breastfeeding reduces risks of infectious diseases, gastrointestinal issues, SIDS and other illnesses. Physiologically, lactation involves four phases - preparation, milk synthesis, milk ejection, and maintenance. Key hormones like prolactin are involved. Breast milk differs significantly from cow's milk in its protein, fat, vitamin, mineral and immune factor composition in ways that benefit infant health and development. Proper breastfeeding technique ensures babies effectively latch on and feed.
This document discusses infant feeding guidelines and the benefits of breastfeeding. It provides the following key points:
1) Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months as breastmilk provides ideal nutrition and protects infants from illness. Undernutrition contributes to 45% of under-5 mortality globally.
2) Breastfeeding has significant health benefits for both mother and baby, including reducing the risks of obesity, diabetes, breast and ovarian cancer. It improves cognitive development and results in economic gains.
3) Proper breastfeeding techniques such as positioning, attachment and frequent feeding are important to ensure the baby receives enough milk from the breast. Common challenges can be addressed through counseling and support.
A presentation with the following purposes: 1) describe the importance of breastfeeding from an individual health and public health perspective and 2) explore the reasons for a rapid rise in breastfeeding rates in the 1970's in order to inform future public health efforts.
The document provides information on various parenting resources in Ingham County, including prenatal education classes, parenting classes, support groups, parenting resources, home visitation programs, and parent-child activities. The resources are organized into different categories to help parents easily find supports. The Ingham Great Start Collaborative aims to ensure every family has access to early childhood programs, services, and supports through collaborating with community partners.
Carolina y sandra ruiz.Reproducción humana3ciclozurita
Este documento describe los procesos de reproducción humana. Explica que la reproducción permite que los seres vivos originen nuevos seres vivos a través de células reproductoras. Describe los aparatos reproductores masculino y femenino, incluidos los óvulos, espermatozoides, ovarios, útero, trompas de Falopio, vagina, vulva, testículos, conductos deferentes y uretra. También explica el desarrollo del embrión a través de la placenta, cordón umbilical y bolsa amni
El documento proporciona instrucciones para alcanzar la felicidad a través de cuatro partes. Recomienda conocerse a sí mismo y a los demás, hacer el bien sin importar a quién, y practicar estas lecciones de manera constante durante al menos 3-6 meses para que se conviertan en hábitos.
El documento resume la cronología y características generales del arte griego. Aborda la arquitectura griega, describiendo los sistemas constructivos como los órdenes arquitectónicos dórico, jónico y corintio. También describe partes del templo griego como el peristilo, naos y pronaos. Finalmente, presenta ejemplos notables de la arquitectura griega como el Partenón, Erecteion y teatros.
This document is an excerpt from a magazine about pregnancy, babies, and parenting. It provides short articles on topics like baby products, parenting advice, health studies, and name trends. It also advertises various baby items and brands. The magazine seems aimed at expecting and new mothers in Ireland, providing the latest information and tips to help them through pregnancy and early parenting.
Breastfeeding provides optimal nutrition for infants. It has benefits for both mother and baby, including promoting postpartum weight loss and emotional health for mothers. For babies, breastfeeding reduces risks of infectious diseases, gastrointestinal issues, SIDS and other illnesses. Physiologically, lactation involves four phases - preparation, milk synthesis, milk ejection, and maintenance. Key hormones like prolactin are involved. Breast milk differs significantly from cow's milk in its protein, fat, vitamin, mineral and immune factor composition in ways that benefit infant health and development. Proper breastfeeding technique ensures babies effectively latch on and feed.
This document discusses infant feeding guidelines and the benefits of breastfeeding. It provides the following key points:
1) Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months as breastmilk provides ideal nutrition and protects infants from illness. Undernutrition contributes to 45% of under-5 mortality globally.
2) Breastfeeding has significant health benefits for both mother and baby, including reducing the risks of obesity, diabetes, breast and ovarian cancer. It improves cognitive development and results in economic gains.
3) Proper breastfeeding techniques such as positioning, attachment and frequent feeding are important to ensure the baby receives enough milk from the breast. Common challenges can be addressed through counseling and support.
A presentation with the following purposes: 1) describe the importance of breastfeeding from an individual health and public health perspective and 2) explore the reasons for a rapid rise in breastfeeding rates in the 1970's in order to inform future public health efforts.
The document provides information on various parenting resources in Ingham County, including prenatal education classes, parenting classes, support groups, parenting resources, home visitation programs, and parent-child activities. The resources are organized into different categories to help parents easily find supports. The Ingham Great Start Collaborative aims to ensure every family has access to early childhood programs, services, and supports through collaborating with community partners.
Carolina y sandra ruiz.Reproducción humana3ciclozurita
Este documento describe los procesos de reproducción humana. Explica que la reproducción permite que los seres vivos originen nuevos seres vivos a través de células reproductoras. Describe los aparatos reproductores masculino y femenino, incluidos los óvulos, espermatozoides, ovarios, útero, trompas de Falopio, vagina, vulva, testículos, conductos deferentes y uretra. También explica el desarrollo del embrión a través de la placenta, cordón umbilical y bolsa amni
El documento proporciona instrucciones para alcanzar la felicidad a través de cuatro partes. Recomienda conocerse a sí mismo y a los demás, hacer el bien sin importar a quién, y practicar estas lecciones de manera constante durante al menos 3-6 meses para que se conviertan en hábitos.
El documento resume la cronología y características generales del arte griego. Aborda la arquitectura griega, describiendo los sistemas constructivos como los órdenes arquitectónicos dórico, jónico y corintio. También describe partes del templo griego como el peristilo, naos y pronaos. Finalmente, presenta ejemplos notables de la arquitectura griega como el Partenón, Erecteion y teatros.
Los griegos constituyeron una de las bases de la civilización occidental, desarrollando la democracia, el pensamiento filosófico y científico, y creaciones artísticas. Grecia se ubica en el sur de la península balcánica y su historia se divide en periodos como la civilización micénica, el periodo arcaico y el periodo clásico.
Este documento discute cómo los padres pueden criar hijos exitosos mediante el desarrollo de su carácter. Sugieren que los padres deben ejercer autoridad de manera firme pero no humillante, enseñar a los hijos a superar fracasos, y ayudarlos a resolver problemas por sí mismos. También recomiendan enseñar a los hijos a "carecer" dándoles menos de lo que necesitan para que aprendan a valorar lo que tienen y ser agradecidos. Finalmente, el documento enfatiza la importancia
Pautas.p la curricula geologica( ponencia)acbconsultores
Este documento discute los principios y enfoques pedagógicos actuales que deberían considerarse en el diseño curricular universitario en geología. Señala que el diagnóstico es el punto de partida clave, y propone elaborar un perfil del egresado deseado. También destaca la importancia de seleccionar contenidos por niveles y áreas del conocimiento. Finalmente, enfatiza que la formación debe movilizar recursos para potenciar fortalezas y minimizar debilidades, recuperando valores y ejerciéndolos.
Los antiguos griegos sentían fascinación por las personas, la razón y la naturaleza, lo que se reflejaba en su arte naturalista e idealizado. Admiraban la belleza humana y representaban detalles anatómicos y escenas mitológicas de forma realista aunque también idealizada.
Este documento advierte sobre las prácticas ocultistas como la adivinación, la quiromancia y los amarres que buscan ganar seguidores mediante engaños. Aunque estas prácticas pueden parecer inocentes o beneficiosas, en realidad son promovidas por fuerzas demoníacas que intentan alejar a la gente de Dios. El documento insta a las personas a no participar en estas actividades ocultistas y en su lugar a seguir los mandamientos de Dios para encontrar paz y justicia.
El documento proporciona información sobre diferentes disciplinas deportivas de la Antigua Grecia como el lanzamiento de jabalina, la lucha, el boxeo, el pancracio y las carreras de carros y caballos que formaban parte de los Juegos Olímpicos. También menciona otros juegos no olímpicos como el phaininda y el episkyros.
El documento describe el programa de competiciones y rituales de los Juegos Olímpicos de la Antigua Grecia, incluyendo cinco días de eventos deportivos como carreras, lucha y lanzamientos, así como procesiones religiosas. También describe varias pruebas de carreras pedestres, el pentatlón y pruebas de salto de longitud y lanzamiento de disco.
Los Juegos Olímpicos nacieron en la antigua Grecia como competiciones deportivas que formaban parte de festivales religiosos. Los griegos crearon cuatro grandes juegos panhelénicos, incluyendo los Juegos Olímpicos que se celebraban cada cuatro años en Olimpia en honor a Zeus. Los griegos veían la competición como algo consustancial a su cultura y desarrollaron complejas infraestructuras, reglamentos y roles como entrenadores y jueces para organizar los juegos de manera profesional.
Los Juegos Olímpicos en la antigua Grecia se celebraban cada cuatro años en la ciudad de Olimpia y eran una importante parte de la cultura griega. Los estudiantes debían organizar un diario de un atleta griego en los Juegos Olímpicos, investigar eventos como el pentalón y otras competiciones, y definir términos como palestra, estadio e hipódromo.
This document provides checklists and guidance for breastfeeding mothers, emergency relief workers, and health workers to support breastfeeding in an emergency situation. It emphasizes that breastfeeding is critical for providing safe nutrition and calming infants during stressful times. The checklists recommend developing emergency plans and kits in advance, continuing to breastfeed after a disaster, finding private spaces for breastfeeding, and connecting with lactation consultants for help. Health workers are encouraged to promote breastfeeding policies and educate staff on the importance of breastfeeding support.
Breastfeeding Friendly Physician’S Office Optimizing Care For Infants And C...Biblioteca Virtual
This document provides recommendations for making a physician's office more breastfeeding-friendly. It begins with background information on the importance of physician support for breastfeeding. It then lists 19 specific recommendations for optimizing care for breastfeeding infants and children. The recommendations address establishing office policies, educating staff and patients, avoiding promotion of breastmilk substitutes, supporting breastfeeding in the office, and collaborating with local hospitals and resources. The document concludes with recommendations for future research.
This document provides advice and encouragement for nursing mothers of multiples. It suggests being patient with yourself and your babies as nursing multiples takes effort. It also recommends experimenting with different holding positions, like feeding two babies at once, and practicing frequently to build your milk supply and get more comfortable. The document offers resources for nursing mothers of multiples, like support groups, and tips for getting comfortable while nursing.
The document provides information for mothers about breastfeeding from the WIC clinic in Des Plaines, Illinois. It encourages mothers to breastfeed as it is the optimal choice for nutrition and offers support. The WIC clinic can help with breastfeeding challenges and provides resources on continuing breastfeeding when returning to work or if having difficulties. Breast milk is presented as the most natural and nutritionally perfect food for babies compared to formula.
Introduction to the "Bridge" - a new breastfeeding support tool Leith Greenslade
The Bridge team introduces their new product, the Bridge, which is designed to simplify at-breast supplementation for parents struggling with breastfeeding. The Bridge allows milk or supplement to be delivered to the baby's mouth while at the breast, providing stimulation to increase milk supply and keeping the baby interested. The team believes the Bridge can help resolve many breastfeeding issues so parents can get their baby back to exclusively breastfeeding. They have already had success helping over 400 families and are looking to expand use of the Bridge through partnerships and further research.
Federal and state laws protect a woman's right to breastfeed in public. Breastfeeding provides significant health benefits to both mother and child. However, some view public breastfeeding as inappropriate and discriminatory actions have been taken against mothers. Supporters argue society should normalize breastfeeding and change perspectives to support nursing mothers.
There are four major barriers that prevent mothers from breastfeeding their babies:
1. Community and cultural pressures that discourage breastfeeding.
2. Lack of support from health workers due to shortages. Having a skilled birth attendant doubles the chances of initiating breastfeeding within the first hour.
3. Insufficient maternity legislation in most poor countries. Paid maternity leave of at least 14 weeks is needed to support breastfeeding.
4. Marketing activities of some breastmilk substitute companies that undermine breastfeeding. Strong legislation is needed to restrict inappropriate promotion. Addressing these barriers through community empowerment, health system strengthening, supportive policies and regulation of companies could significantly increase breastfeeding rates and save children's
Peripartum Breastfeeding Management For The Healthy Mother And Infant At Term...Biblioteca Virtual
This document provides guidelines for peripartum breastfeeding management for healthy mothers and infants. It recommends:
1) Prenatal breastfeeding education and support.
2) Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth and rooming-in to facilitate breastfeeding.
3) Assessment and support for breastfeeding mothers to ensure effective latching and milk transfer.
4) Avoidance of supplemental feedings unless medically necessary to avoid breastfeeding difficulties.
Benefits of breastfeeding to mother and babyAnisa Edmund
The document outlines several benefits of breastfeeding for both mother and baby. It discusses how breastfeeding boosts the baby's immune system through antibodies and protection from illness. It also forms a lifelong bond between mother and baby. For the mother, breastfeeding helps lose weight faster after pregnancy, protects against diseases like cancer, and provides birth control since it can cause lack of periods. The document emphasizes that breast milk is uniquely suited to each baby's needs and changes based on the baby's health and the mother's diet.
Juggling Work And Breastfeeding Effects Of Maternity Leave And Occupational C...Biblioteca Virtual
1) The study examined the relationship between maternity leave and breastfeeding among 770 full-time working mothers in Southern California.
2) It found that a maternity leave of 6 weeks or 6-12 weeks after delivery was associated with a lower likelihood of establishing breastfeeding compared to mothers who did not return to work.
3) Antenatal leave before delivery was not associated with breastfeeding establishment or duration. The impact of short postpartum leave on breastfeeding cessation was stronger among nonmanagers, women with inflexible jobs, and women experiencing high psychosocial distress.
Myths Vs Facts Breastfeeding During Pregnancy And Tandem NursingBiblioteca Virtual
The document discusses common myths and facts regarding breastfeeding during pregnancy and tandem nursing. It addresses 11 statements on this topic, identifying whether each one is a myth, fact, or unknown. Many of the common beliefs around breastfeeding during pregnancy are dispelled as myths, such as the ideas that nursing becomes risky after 24 weeks of pregnancy or that a mother's body prioritizes the fetus over the nursing child. The document provides references and encourages readers to check the provided website for additional information on safely breastfeeding through pregnancy and tandem nursing multiple children.
This document discusses promoting breastfeeding and safe infant sleep practices. It notes that current advice on infant sleep does not always support the realities of breastfeeding families. The document recommends establishing a collaborative working group to review evidence and develop resources that better inform shared decision making between families and healthcare providers on balancing breastfeeding and safe sleep. It provides background on breastfeeding promotion as a public health strategy in BC and notes a gap between high breastfeeding initiation rates and lower exclusive breastfeeding rates upon hospital discharge.
Los griegos constituyeron una de las bases de la civilización occidental, desarrollando la democracia, el pensamiento filosófico y científico, y creaciones artísticas. Grecia se ubica en el sur de la península balcánica y su historia se divide en periodos como la civilización micénica, el periodo arcaico y el periodo clásico.
Este documento discute cómo los padres pueden criar hijos exitosos mediante el desarrollo de su carácter. Sugieren que los padres deben ejercer autoridad de manera firme pero no humillante, enseñar a los hijos a superar fracasos, y ayudarlos a resolver problemas por sí mismos. También recomiendan enseñar a los hijos a "carecer" dándoles menos de lo que necesitan para que aprendan a valorar lo que tienen y ser agradecidos. Finalmente, el documento enfatiza la importancia
Pautas.p la curricula geologica( ponencia)acbconsultores
Este documento discute los principios y enfoques pedagógicos actuales que deberían considerarse en el diseño curricular universitario en geología. Señala que el diagnóstico es el punto de partida clave, y propone elaborar un perfil del egresado deseado. También destaca la importancia de seleccionar contenidos por niveles y áreas del conocimiento. Finalmente, enfatiza que la formación debe movilizar recursos para potenciar fortalezas y minimizar debilidades, recuperando valores y ejerciéndolos.
Los antiguos griegos sentían fascinación por las personas, la razón y la naturaleza, lo que se reflejaba en su arte naturalista e idealizado. Admiraban la belleza humana y representaban detalles anatómicos y escenas mitológicas de forma realista aunque también idealizada.
Este documento advierte sobre las prácticas ocultistas como la adivinación, la quiromancia y los amarres que buscan ganar seguidores mediante engaños. Aunque estas prácticas pueden parecer inocentes o beneficiosas, en realidad son promovidas por fuerzas demoníacas que intentan alejar a la gente de Dios. El documento insta a las personas a no participar en estas actividades ocultistas y en su lugar a seguir los mandamientos de Dios para encontrar paz y justicia.
El documento proporciona información sobre diferentes disciplinas deportivas de la Antigua Grecia como el lanzamiento de jabalina, la lucha, el boxeo, el pancracio y las carreras de carros y caballos que formaban parte de los Juegos Olímpicos. También menciona otros juegos no olímpicos como el phaininda y el episkyros.
El documento describe el programa de competiciones y rituales de los Juegos Olímpicos de la Antigua Grecia, incluyendo cinco días de eventos deportivos como carreras, lucha y lanzamientos, así como procesiones religiosas. También describe varias pruebas de carreras pedestres, el pentatlón y pruebas de salto de longitud y lanzamiento de disco.
Los Juegos Olímpicos nacieron en la antigua Grecia como competiciones deportivas que formaban parte de festivales religiosos. Los griegos crearon cuatro grandes juegos panhelénicos, incluyendo los Juegos Olímpicos que se celebraban cada cuatro años en Olimpia en honor a Zeus. Los griegos veían la competición como algo consustancial a su cultura y desarrollaron complejas infraestructuras, reglamentos y roles como entrenadores y jueces para organizar los juegos de manera profesional.
Los Juegos Olímpicos en la antigua Grecia se celebraban cada cuatro años en la ciudad de Olimpia y eran una importante parte de la cultura griega. Los estudiantes debían organizar un diario de un atleta griego en los Juegos Olímpicos, investigar eventos como el pentalón y otras competiciones, y definir términos como palestra, estadio e hipódromo.
This document provides checklists and guidance for breastfeeding mothers, emergency relief workers, and health workers to support breastfeeding in an emergency situation. It emphasizes that breastfeeding is critical for providing safe nutrition and calming infants during stressful times. The checklists recommend developing emergency plans and kits in advance, continuing to breastfeed after a disaster, finding private spaces for breastfeeding, and connecting with lactation consultants for help. Health workers are encouraged to promote breastfeeding policies and educate staff on the importance of breastfeeding support.
Breastfeeding Friendly Physician’S Office Optimizing Care For Infants And C...Biblioteca Virtual
This document provides recommendations for making a physician's office more breastfeeding-friendly. It begins with background information on the importance of physician support for breastfeeding. It then lists 19 specific recommendations for optimizing care for breastfeeding infants and children. The recommendations address establishing office policies, educating staff and patients, avoiding promotion of breastmilk substitutes, supporting breastfeeding in the office, and collaborating with local hospitals and resources. The document concludes with recommendations for future research.
This document provides advice and encouragement for nursing mothers of multiples. It suggests being patient with yourself and your babies as nursing multiples takes effort. It also recommends experimenting with different holding positions, like feeding two babies at once, and practicing frequently to build your milk supply and get more comfortable. The document offers resources for nursing mothers of multiples, like support groups, and tips for getting comfortable while nursing.
The document provides information for mothers about breastfeeding from the WIC clinic in Des Plaines, Illinois. It encourages mothers to breastfeed as it is the optimal choice for nutrition and offers support. The WIC clinic can help with breastfeeding challenges and provides resources on continuing breastfeeding when returning to work or if having difficulties. Breast milk is presented as the most natural and nutritionally perfect food for babies compared to formula.
Introduction to the "Bridge" - a new breastfeeding support tool Leith Greenslade
The Bridge team introduces their new product, the Bridge, which is designed to simplify at-breast supplementation for parents struggling with breastfeeding. The Bridge allows milk or supplement to be delivered to the baby's mouth while at the breast, providing stimulation to increase milk supply and keeping the baby interested. The team believes the Bridge can help resolve many breastfeeding issues so parents can get their baby back to exclusively breastfeeding. They have already had success helping over 400 families and are looking to expand use of the Bridge through partnerships and further research.
Federal and state laws protect a woman's right to breastfeed in public. Breastfeeding provides significant health benefits to both mother and child. However, some view public breastfeeding as inappropriate and discriminatory actions have been taken against mothers. Supporters argue society should normalize breastfeeding and change perspectives to support nursing mothers.
There are four major barriers that prevent mothers from breastfeeding their babies:
1. Community and cultural pressures that discourage breastfeeding.
2. Lack of support from health workers due to shortages. Having a skilled birth attendant doubles the chances of initiating breastfeeding within the first hour.
3. Insufficient maternity legislation in most poor countries. Paid maternity leave of at least 14 weeks is needed to support breastfeeding.
4. Marketing activities of some breastmilk substitute companies that undermine breastfeeding. Strong legislation is needed to restrict inappropriate promotion. Addressing these barriers through community empowerment, health system strengthening, supportive policies and regulation of companies could significantly increase breastfeeding rates and save children's
Peripartum Breastfeeding Management For The Healthy Mother And Infant At Term...Biblioteca Virtual
This document provides guidelines for peripartum breastfeeding management for healthy mothers and infants. It recommends:
1) Prenatal breastfeeding education and support.
2) Skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth and rooming-in to facilitate breastfeeding.
3) Assessment and support for breastfeeding mothers to ensure effective latching and milk transfer.
4) Avoidance of supplemental feedings unless medically necessary to avoid breastfeeding difficulties.
Benefits of breastfeeding to mother and babyAnisa Edmund
The document outlines several benefits of breastfeeding for both mother and baby. It discusses how breastfeeding boosts the baby's immune system through antibodies and protection from illness. It also forms a lifelong bond between mother and baby. For the mother, breastfeeding helps lose weight faster after pregnancy, protects against diseases like cancer, and provides birth control since it can cause lack of periods. The document emphasizes that breast milk is uniquely suited to each baby's needs and changes based on the baby's health and the mother's diet.
Juggling Work And Breastfeeding Effects Of Maternity Leave And Occupational C...Biblioteca Virtual
1) The study examined the relationship between maternity leave and breastfeeding among 770 full-time working mothers in Southern California.
2) It found that a maternity leave of 6 weeks or 6-12 weeks after delivery was associated with a lower likelihood of establishing breastfeeding compared to mothers who did not return to work.
3) Antenatal leave before delivery was not associated with breastfeeding establishment or duration. The impact of short postpartum leave on breastfeeding cessation was stronger among nonmanagers, women with inflexible jobs, and women experiencing high psychosocial distress.
Myths Vs Facts Breastfeeding During Pregnancy And Tandem NursingBiblioteca Virtual
The document discusses common myths and facts regarding breastfeeding during pregnancy and tandem nursing. It addresses 11 statements on this topic, identifying whether each one is a myth, fact, or unknown. Many of the common beliefs around breastfeeding during pregnancy are dispelled as myths, such as the ideas that nursing becomes risky after 24 weeks of pregnancy or that a mother's body prioritizes the fetus over the nursing child. The document provides references and encourages readers to check the provided website for additional information on safely breastfeeding through pregnancy and tandem nursing multiple children.
This document discusses promoting breastfeeding and safe infant sleep practices. It notes that current advice on infant sleep does not always support the realities of breastfeeding families. The document recommends establishing a collaborative working group to review evidence and develop resources that better inform shared decision making between families and healthcare providers on balancing breastfeeding and safe sleep. It provides background on breastfeeding promotion as a public health strategy in BC and notes a gap between high breastfeeding initiation rates and lower exclusive breastfeeding rates upon hospital discharge.
Breast feeding is a key to sustainable development challengessapphire139
This document discusses challenges to breastfeeding and interventions to promote breastfeeding. Some key challenges include faulty assumptions about breastfeeding, breastfeeding difficulties, and issues for working mothers. The WHO/UNICEF Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative promotes breastfeeding within the first hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Other interventions discussed include workplace lactation support, peer counseling programs, and marketing campaigns that promote breastfeeding as normal. The goal is to provide support and education to help mothers overcome challenges and breastfeed successfully.
This document discusses marketing of breastmilk substitutes and outlines steps health workers can take to protect families. It summarizes the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes which calls on governments to regulate marketing that promotes artificial feeding. The document also outlines appropriate responses to donations of breastmilk substitutes in emergency situations, noting the importance of continued breastfeeding support and the risks of powdered infant formula use.
1) Making breastfeeding and work compatible requires policy changes like longer paid maternity leave, workplace accommodations for pumping and milk storage, and flexible schedules.
2) Employers can help by providing private rooms for pumping, refrigeration, and support from managers and colleagues.
3) Mothers need knowledge of pumping techniques, safe milk storage, and support for addressing issues like sore nipples. With these changes, breastfeeding can be made to work for both mothers and their jobs.
Nestle-the-infant-formula-controversy (1)Obydull Akbar
Nestle has faced accusations that its marketing of infant formula in developing countries contributed to infant malnutrition and death by discouraging breastfeeding. Specifically, critics argue that Nestle's advertising promoted formula as superior to breastmilk and their distribution of free samples led mothers to dilute formulas dangerously.
Nestle defends itself by saying it always stated breastmilk is best and only advocated formula as a supplement when needed or substitute when breastfeeding is impossible. It also argues that many poor mothers' diets lack nutrients and they need supplemental feeding, and some mothers' work prevents breastfeeding so formula is necessary. However, critics counter that aggressive marketing still undermined breastfeeding.
After pressure, Nestle agreed to support the
This document discusses breastfeeding and provides information on breastfeeding globally and in India. Some key points:
- Breastfeeding has significant health benefits for both children and mothers. If breastfeeding were scaled up universally, over 820,000 child lives could be saved annually.
- Globally in 2020, 149 million children under 5 were stunted and 45 million were wasted. Exclusive breastfeeding rates are only around 44% globally.
- In India, only 24.5% of children are breastfed within the first hour of birth and exclusive breastfeeding rates decline rapidly from 20% by 6 months.
- WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and continued breastfeeding for up to 2
CASE 12 Nestlé The Infant Formula Controversy largel.docxhallettfaustina
CASE 12 Nestlé: The Infant Formula Controversy
largely on the intensive advertising and promotion of in-
fant formula. Clever radio jingles extol the wonders of the
“white man’s powder that will make baby grow and glow.”
“Milk nurses” visit nursing mothers in hospitals and their
homes and provide samples of formula. These activities
encourage mothers to give up breast feeding and resort to
bottle feeding because it is “the fashionable thing to do or
because people are putting it to them that this is the thing
to do.”
THE DEFENSE
The following points are made in defense of the marketing of baby
formula in Third World countries:
• Nestlé argues that the company has never advocated bottle
feeding instead of breast feeding. All its products carry a
statement that breast feeding is best. The company states
that it “believes that breast milk is the best food for infants
and encourages breast feeding around the world as it has
done for decades.” The company offers as support of this
statement one of Nestlé’s oldest educational booklets on
“Infant Feeding and Hygiene,” which dates from 1913 and
encourages breast feeding.
• However, the company does believe that infant formula
has a vital role in proper infant nutrition as a supplement,
when the infant needs nutritionally adequate and appropri-
ate foods in addition to breast milk, and as a substitute for
breast milk when a mother cannot or chooses not to breast
feed. One doctor reports, “Economically deprived and
thus dietarily deprived mothers who give their children
only breast milk are raising infants whose growth rates
begin to slow noticeably at about the age of three months.
These mothers then turn to supplemental feedings that are
often harmful to children. These include herbal teas and
concoctions of rice water or corn water and sweetened,
condensed milk. These feedings can also be prepared
with contaminated water and are served in unsanitary
conditions.”
• Mothers in developing nations often have dietary defi cien-
cies. In the Philippines, a mother in a poor family who is
nursing a child produces about a pint of milk daily. Mothers
in the United States usually produce about a quart of milk
each day. For both the Filipino and U.S. mothers, the milk
produced is equally nutritious. The problem is that there is
less of it for the Filipino baby. If the Filipino mother doesn’t
augment the child’s diet, malnutrition develops.
• Many poor women in the Third World bottle feed because
their work schedules in fi elds or factories will not permit
breast feeding. The infant feeding controversy has largely
to do with the gradual introduction of weaning foods during
the period between three months and two years. The average
well-nourished Western woman, weighing 20 to 30 pounds
more than most women in less developed countries, cannot
Nestlé Alimentana of Vevey, Switzerland, one of the world’s larg-
est food-proc ...
Reconsidering the Breastfeeding Myths and Factsaparna251989
Society often spreads myths about breastfeeding that are not scientifically accurate. Common myths include that breastfeeding will spoil children or make them too dependent if done for long periods, and that formula is better than breastmilk. However, breastmilk is uniquely tailored to meet an infant's nutritional and immunological needs, and breastfeeding helps develop a secure bond between mother and child. While breastfeeding may not always come easily at first, with proper technique, guidance and support, most mothers can breastfeed successfully. New mothers should rely on expert advice from lactation consultants rather than myths when making decisions about breastfeeding.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
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Summer is a time for fun in the sun, but the heat and humidity can also wreak havoc on your skin. From itchy rashes to unwanted pigmentation, several skin conditions become more prevalent during these warmer months.
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdfrightmanforbloodline
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
Test bank for karp s cell and molecular biology 9th edition by gerald karp.pdf
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- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
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How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.Gokuldas Hospital
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
2. 2
Reasonable Break Time for Pacifiers Interfere with Breastfeeding
Nursing Mothers is Now Law
Some mothers call it the nokie, others call it the paci. It is also re-
The 2010 Healthcare Reform ferred to as a nuk or a noo-noo. The Baby Center even received
Act revised the Fair Labor 139 nicknames for the pacifier. A multi-billion dollar business in
Standards Act (FLSA) by re-
the U.S., the pacifier is synonymous with baby. Re-
quiring that employers provide
gardless of the rea- son a parent may choose
a reasonable break time for an
employee to express breast to use the nokie, pacifiers interfere
milk for her nursing child. with breastfeed- ing. The African
American Breast- feeding Network of
• Under the Act, employers Milwaukee (AABN) agrees with
must now provide a private, the American Academy of Pediatrics
non-bathroom place for an (AAP) and other or- ganizations that using a
employee to express breast
pacifier should be delayed until breastfeeding is well es-
milk.
tablished, usually at about 3 to 4 weeks. Also AABN agrees that it
• The FLSA does not require can delay effective suckling and interfere with breast milk supply.
employers to pay employees The first month is important because the amount of milk a mother
for such break time. makes in future months is determined by how often the baby nurses
at the breasts in the first weeks. For the first 4 weeks after birth,
• The law does not apply to
the hormone prolactin increases as the baby nurses. Prolactin
employers with less than 50
helps build and protect a mothers’ milk supply. Some doctors sug-
employees.
gest giving a pacifier only if a baby is premature or has medical
• The law was effective imme- problems. Also, research shows that babies who use pacifier can
diately upon President choke if part of the pacifier breaks. Other risks of using a pacifier
Obama’s signing of the Pa- are thrush, ear infections, speech delay, teeth misalignment and
tient Protection and Afford- shaping of the soft palate.
able Care Act, however, en-
forcement rules have not yet Sources: kellymom.com and pamf.org
been put in place. Depart-
ment of Labor is working
diligently to establish these
rules.
The African American Breast-
feeding Network (AABN) will
be available to provide re-
sources and support to busi-
nesses and families once en-
forcement rules have been es-
tablished. For more informa-
tion and written policy on
breastfeeding and expressing
breast milk in the workplace,
go towww.usbreastfeeding.org.
3. 3
Mocha Profile: Alexis Gillespie KNOW YOUR FACTS
The moment Alexis found ceived encouraged her to con- Smoking & Breastfeeding
out that she was pregnant, she tinue breastfeeding. Alexis is Risks You Should Know
decided to breastfeed. Her not afraid to breastfeed any- Mothers who breastfeed are advised not to
mother breastfed her so she felt where. She recalls breastfeed- smoke, but if they cannot quit, it is probably
still more valuable to breastfeed.
it was the “right thing to do.” ing in public at Burlington
The risks of smoking is small, but the benefits
Few 23 year old moms have Coat Factory and two men be-
of breastfeeding are bigger. This is the basic
breastfed for as gan snickering.
advice given to mothers by leading organiza-
long as Alexis has. “They probably
tions such as La Leche League and the Ameri-
Ja’Karon will be 1 had never seen a can Academy of Family Physicians.
year old on July 19; mom breastfeed If You Are Going To Smoke, Reduce Risks
he has never had before,” she • Never smoke while pregnant and around
formula; nor a paci- says. “Moms your baby and small children.
fier and he receives should not be • Smoke fewer than 20 cigarettes. If the
few bottles. afraid to breast- mother smokes fewer than twenty ciga-
To her breastfeed- feed when their rettes a day, the risks to her baby getting
ing came natural; babies get hun- from the nicotine in her milk are small.
however, she had to gry.” Alexis is When a breastfeeding mother smokes more
overcome some common prob- glad to hear about the new than twenty to thirty cigarettes a day, the
lems. She called the hospital statewide law, the Right to risks increase. Heavy smoking can reduce a
lactation specialist and her best Breastfeed Act, that allows a mother's milk supply and on rare occa-
friend April when she had mom to breastfeed anywhere sions has caused symptoms in the breast-
questions and needed advice. they are allowed to be. She feeding baby such as nausea, vomiting,
She says the advice she re- feels that when more moms abdominal cramps, and diarrhea.
Contd’ On Page 4 • Avoid nursing right after smoking. The
amount of time it takes for half the nico-
The Economics of NOT Breastfeeding tine to be eliminated from the body is
Our country loses at least $13 ninety-five minutes. For this reason, a
billion each year because of By NOT breastfeeding we lose… mother should avoid smoking just before
low breastfeeding rates, ac- and certainly during a feeding.
cording to an economic study $4.7 billion and 447 excess deaths due Common Problems for Babies
published online, April 5 in the to sudden infant death syndrome • Addiction to Nicotine
journal Pediatrics. Most of the (SIDS) • Increased risk of SIDS
billions lost are related to in- • Increased risk of Lung Cancer
fant deaths and disease. Au- • Respiratory Problems
$908 million due to ear infections
thors of the study say 911 in- • Ear Infections
fants deaths could be saved if • Excessive crying or colic
$592 million due to childhood obesity
90% of moms followed recom- • Cramps, Nausea, Diarrhea
mendations to breastfeed ex- Remember, even if you can't quit smoking,
$$601 million due to eczema breastfeeding still is best because the benefits
clusively for 6 months. "We
really shouldn't be blaming of breast milk still outweigh the risks from
2.6 billion due to 249 excess deaths nicotine. Seek help in quitting from your
mothers…" says the authors. from necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) health care provider. Ask your doctor about
Many hospitals offer formula
nicotine replacement and other quit smoking
to moms even when the moth-
$1.8 billion due to 172 excess deaths therapies. Sources: www.Breastfeeding-
ers intend to breastfeed, the Magazine.com, Smoking and Breastfeeding, La
from lower respiratory tract infections
authors say. Leache League
4. 4
Mocha Profile From Page 3
publicly breastfeed perhaps
people will stop staring.
When she returned back to
work after a 6 week maternity
leave; her supervisor allowed
her to pump while at work dur-
ing her breaks. She believes
that pumping at work allowed
her to continue providing
breast milk to Ja’Karon.
Alexis is a manager at a local
McDonald.
“When I come home from
work the moment he sees me
he waves his arms and gig-
gles,” she says. “I love the
bond we have.”
AFRICAN AMERICAN
BREASTFEEDING NETWORK
Our VISION is to live in a world
where breastfeeding is the norm
within the African American
community. Our MISSION is to
promote breastfeeding as a natural
and the best way to provide nourish-
ment for babies and young children.
To find out more about AABN
and/or to get involved...
CALL…
(414) 264-3441 Pregnant and breastfeeding
or
EMAIL moms and their families
AABN@YMAIL.COM attend the April 8th Sista2Sista Breastfeeding Chat Room Com-
munity Gathering. This bi-monthly support group is a project of
AABN. The purpose of this community event is to bring together
MILK NOTES pregnant and breastfeeding mother and their families to dispel
common myths, shares suggestions and to learn ways . The Chat
Editor/Graphic Design: Dalvery
Blackwell, Certified Breastfeeding Room takes place at the Children’s Health Service Society of Wis-
Educator, Peer Counselor consin’s Family Resource Room, which is inside the Parklawn
Proofreader: Beth Nelton, Project
YMCA, 4340 North 40th Street. Upcoming dates are August 12
Nutritionist and October 14, 2110. Fathers, friends, family members and chil-
dren are welcome. Free door prizes for everyone, dinner and
Medical Advisor: Dinah Scott, RN,
Certified Breastfeeding Educator childcare. For more information, please call (414) 264-3441.