This document provides an introduction and literature review on the topic of ethical consumerism and the role of consumer identity and self. It discusses several key themes: 1) Drivers of ethical consumerism including altruism, perceived consumer behavior, ecological values, and green identity; 2) Differences between collectivist societies like India where identity is tied to group, and individualist societies like the US where people prioritize individual preferences; 3) How consumers rationalize the "attitude-behavior gap" through neutralization techniques when their actions don't match pro-environment attitudes to protect their self-identity. The literature review analyzes this topic through the lenses of extended self theory and symbolic interactionism.
This document summarizes a study on ethics of consumerism in India. It discusses key factors that influence the purchasing decisions of ethical consumers, including governments, campaign groups, the private sector, and specialist publications. It also examines personal values, challenges of ethical consumerism, and concludes that suppliers must address quality challenges to promote ethically certified products and consumers must balance their roles and values.
ETHICAL CONSUMERISM AN OPPORTUNITY FOR INDIAN HANDCRAFTED AND HANDLOOM TEXTIL...Noorani Biswas
The document analyzes opportunities for Indian handcrafted and handloom textile sectors from the rise of ethical consumerism. It discusses how ethical consumerism is influencing consumers to buy green and ethical products. The research methodology involves primary customer surveys and secondary research. It introduces the concepts of ethical and sustainable consumption and explores textile ecology. It also outlines global innovations in sustainability in the textile industry, including new technologies and recycling initiatives. A survey of consumers found that while they care about ethics, practical factors like cost, quality and utility are higher priorities. The document concludes ethical products can succeed if they meet consumer needs affordably and authentically promote their ethical attributes.
Ethical consumerism is a type of consumer activism based on dollar voting, where consumers favor ethical products or engage in moral boycotts of companies. It can be practiced by buying only necessary items, donating materials to others in need, recycling papers and bottles, and choosing products that are fair trade, organic, or sustainably sourced. Educating children and families on ethical consumption of food, toys and other goods is important to promote these practices in communities.
The document discusses ethical consumerism, which involves favoring products from companies that have ethical business practices through positive buying. It was first popularized by the UK magazine "Ethical Consumer" in 1989. Ethical consumerism helps consumers compare and select products that align with their values while avoiding financial loss. Some critics argue that uneven wealth distribution limits how democratic ethical consumerism can be. The document also describes the concept of "tax choice," which would allow taxpayers to direct their taxes to specific companies.
This document discusses consumerism, defined as the social movement seeking to augment consumer rights and power in relation to sellers. It also refers to economic policies prioritizing consumption. The consumerism movement aims to protect and inform consumers through practices like honest advertising and improved safety standards. Factors that aided unethical marketing in India include its vastness, income inequality, illiteracy, and lack of education/information. Reasons for rising consumerism in India include imbalance in supply/demand, low literacy enabling business indifference, lack of competition, and poor public sector monopolies. Remedies involve participation from business, government, and consumers to prevent exploitation through legislation and asserting consumer rights.
The document discusses the rise of ethical consumerism. It defines ethical consumerism as intentionally buying products that minimize harm to people and the environment. Ethical consumers are concerned not just with price and quality, but also with how products are made and their wider impacts. Information sharing about products is increasing through various labels and websites. Some governments are also adopting policies requiring companies to disclose information about impacts like conflict minerals. The presentation recommends that companies understand their entire supply chains, proactively share information, and validate their practices in order to meet rising ethical consumer expectations.
This document discusses ethical purchasing in Asia-Pacific. It first provides a framework for understanding the socio-economic drivers of resource use and environmental impacts. It then outlines two aspects of ethical purchasing: choice editing, or moral boycotts; and positive buying. For Asia-Pacific, choice editing faces challenges like lack of CSR awareness, while positive buying faces constraints like limited sustainable options and consumerism focused on luxury goods. The document also discusses theories of consumption, including how people pursue social status. It concludes by proposing three entry points for mainstreaming sustainability: mainstreaming sustainable options, demonstrating how sustainability meets needs, and using policies to promote sustainable choices.
Ethical consumerism refers to purchasing products made ethically with minimal harm to the environment, animals, or human labor. Studies show millennials and younger generations are more likely to consider a company's social and environmental practices when deciding where to shop or work. While some consumers say they would punish irresponsible companies, others question if consumers will truly take action. There are increasing demands for transparency around companies' social impacts and growing interest in positively buying from ethical brands.
This document summarizes a study on ethics of consumerism in India. It discusses key factors that influence the purchasing decisions of ethical consumers, including governments, campaign groups, the private sector, and specialist publications. It also examines personal values, challenges of ethical consumerism, and concludes that suppliers must address quality challenges to promote ethically certified products and consumers must balance their roles and values.
ETHICAL CONSUMERISM AN OPPORTUNITY FOR INDIAN HANDCRAFTED AND HANDLOOM TEXTIL...Noorani Biswas
The document analyzes opportunities for Indian handcrafted and handloom textile sectors from the rise of ethical consumerism. It discusses how ethical consumerism is influencing consumers to buy green and ethical products. The research methodology involves primary customer surveys and secondary research. It introduces the concepts of ethical and sustainable consumption and explores textile ecology. It also outlines global innovations in sustainability in the textile industry, including new technologies and recycling initiatives. A survey of consumers found that while they care about ethics, practical factors like cost, quality and utility are higher priorities. The document concludes ethical products can succeed if they meet consumer needs affordably and authentically promote their ethical attributes.
Ethical consumerism is a type of consumer activism based on dollar voting, where consumers favor ethical products or engage in moral boycotts of companies. It can be practiced by buying only necessary items, donating materials to others in need, recycling papers and bottles, and choosing products that are fair trade, organic, or sustainably sourced. Educating children and families on ethical consumption of food, toys and other goods is important to promote these practices in communities.
The document discusses ethical consumerism, which involves favoring products from companies that have ethical business practices through positive buying. It was first popularized by the UK magazine "Ethical Consumer" in 1989. Ethical consumerism helps consumers compare and select products that align with their values while avoiding financial loss. Some critics argue that uneven wealth distribution limits how democratic ethical consumerism can be. The document also describes the concept of "tax choice," which would allow taxpayers to direct their taxes to specific companies.
This document discusses consumerism, defined as the social movement seeking to augment consumer rights and power in relation to sellers. It also refers to economic policies prioritizing consumption. The consumerism movement aims to protect and inform consumers through practices like honest advertising and improved safety standards. Factors that aided unethical marketing in India include its vastness, income inequality, illiteracy, and lack of education/information. Reasons for rising consumerism in India include imbalance in supply/demand, low literacy enabling business indifference, lack of competition, and poor public sector monopolies. Remedies involve participation from business, government, and consumers to prevent exploitation through legislation and asserting consumer rights.
The document discusses the rise of ethical consumerism. It defines ethical consumerism as intentionally buying products that minimize harm to people and the environment. Ethical consumers are concerned not just with price and quality, but also with how products are made and their wider impacts. Information sharing about products is increasing through various labels and websites. Some governments are also adopting policies requiring companies to disclose information about impacts like conflict minerals. The presentation recommends that companies understand their entire supply chains, proactively share information, and validate their practices in order to meet rising ethical consumer expectations.
This document discusses ethical purchasing in Asia-Pacific. It first provides a framework for understanding the socio-economic drivers of resource use and environmental impacts. It then outlines two aspects of ethical purchasing: choice editing, or moral boycotts; and positive buying. For Asia-Pacific, choice editing faces challenges like lack of CSR awareness, while positive buying faces constraints like limited sustainable options and consumerism focused on luxury goods. The document also discusses theories of consumption, including how people pursue social status. It concludes by proposing three entry points for mainstreaming sustainability: mainstreaming sustainable options, demonstrating how sustainability meets needs, and using policies to promote sustainable choices.
Ethical consumerism refers to purchasing products made ethically with minimal harm to the environment, animals, or human labor. Studies show millennials and younger generations are more likely to consider a company's social and environmental practices when deciding where to shop or work. While some consumers say they would punish irresponsible companies, others question if consumers will truly take action. There are increasing demands for transparency around companies' social impacts and growing interest in positively buying from ethical brands.
The document discusses the relationship between consumerism and quality of life in Mexico. It notes that consumerism can positively impact quality of life by creating more job opportunities and allowing people to improve their standard of living and choose from more goods and services. However, not all Mexicans have the resources to participate in consumerism, and the goods may not be available to them. The document also explores some of the advantages and disadvantages of consumerism, how it can impact behaviors and the environment, and factors that influence quality of life.
This document provides an overview of consumerism. It defines consumerism as activities designed to protect consumer rights, including those of government, businesses, and independent organizations. The document outlines the key objectives that will be covered, which include the origin of consumerism, consumer rights and movements, and the role of advertising. It also discusses consumer purchase decisions, characteristics of wise consumers, and examples of consumerism. The document notes that while consumerism spurs economic growth, it can also lead to neglect of the environment, overspending, and stress if desires are never satisfied.
The document discusses trends in ethical consumerism and corporate responsibility. It summarizes research showing that consumers are increasingly concerned about issues like climate change and ethical business practices when making purchasing decisions. Companies are responding by integrating corporate responsibility policies and sustainability more fully into their strategies and operations. Voluntary reporting and transparency initiatives are also growing to better inform consumers.
Consumerism is an ideology that promotes the constant purchasing of goods and services for short-term profit without regard for long-term consequences. It leads to overspending and unequal wealth distribution. While consumerism increases production, employment, and choice of products, it also has negative effects like environmental damage, depletion of resources, impacts on mental health and relationships, and increased crime. The document recommends exercising restraint in consumption and adopting a minimalist lifestyle to reduce these negative impacts.
Ethical consumerism involves choosing products that are made with minimal harm to the environment, animals, and people. It requires considering a company's carbon footprint and ensuring no exploitation of human labor occurred. To engage in ethical consumerism, one should avoid pollution, only buy necessary items, research a product's manufacturing process and environmental impact, reject plastic bags, recycle, and choose biodegradable and unpackaged options when possible. Companies promoting ethical consumerism use money from sales to help people and the planet through supporting education, health, environmental, human rights, and development organizations.
1) Ethical purchasing promotes good labor and environmental standards in supply chains. It involves companies taking responsibility for the practices in their supply chains.
2) Fairtrade certification and standards help ensure products meet agreed standards for the environment, labor rights, and development. Products from Asia that could be certified include cotton, rice and other crops from India.
3) Large brands sourcing from Asia have implemented codes of conduct and ethical sourcing programs to address issues in their supply chains like worker and fire safety, low wages, child labor, and discrimination. Expanding these programs could boost local practices.
This document discusses consumerism and defines it as activities by governments, businesses, and organizations to protect consumer rights. It notes that consumerism aims to help consumers seek remedies for dissatisfaction with products. The document then provides definitions of consumerism and discusses how it originated in response to issues like product shortages and misleading marketing. It also outlines reasons why consumers buy more and companies try to sell more, before listing the importance, responsibilities, and rights of consumers. Examples of consumerism and the relationship between consumerism and quality of life are presented.
Consumerism aims to give consumers more choices and a voice in the marketplace. It arose due to marketing practices that manipulated consumers and a lack of legal protections. Key stakeholders in consumerism are consumers, businesses, and the government. Consumer groups in India advocate for consumers' rights and educate consumers. Initiatives like ASCI's advertising standards and government regulations on pollution and advertising have helped make the marketplace fairer for consumers.
This document discusses H&M's sustainable clothing lines called "Conscious" and "Close the Loop" and the gap between consumers' positive attitudes towards ethical consumption and their actual purchasing behaviors. While 87% of consumers express concern for sustainability, only 33% are willing to buy green products. The document examines factors that influence this attitude-behavior gap, such as selective attention and perception, motivation, lifestyle, and cognition. It also provides strategies for companies to help close the gap, such as educating consumers, improving products, and increasing availability of sustainable options.
Green Marketing incorporates greening products and greening firms. The increasing exposure of global market products and environmental issues like global warming, impact of environmental pollution in turn has raised the green sensitivity of consumers for being eco-friendly and green marketing oriented. However in recent past green consumerism also has been gaining its lime light, Green consumerism has started playing a substance role in ushering corporate environmentalism and constructing business firms green marketing oriented. However, this is not widespread and is still evolving.
Social, Ethical and Legal Issues in Selling.Awais Lakho
This document discusses several social, ethical, and legal issues related to selling. Some of the major issues identified are high pressure selling tactics that persuade unnecessary purchases, planned obsolescence where products are designed to go obsolete to drive more sales, and prioritizing high-income consumers over disadvantaged groups. Additionally, legal issues around competition, fair trade, environmental protection, and truth in advertising are important to consider within a country's commercial framework.
Emerging trends in marketing documents discusses constraints and opportunities for green businesses. [1] Green businesses face constraints like smaller scales of production and limited advertising budgets. [2] However, marketing organic and fair trade products can help raise awareness of such products. [3] Logistics and centralized sourcing can help lower costs and ensure sustainable growth for natural product supply chains.
Research Panel: Untangling the Consumer Attitude/Behavior GapSustainable Brands
If consumers are becoming ever more aware of and interested in global environmental and social challenges, why is their behavior largely not reflective of this? How is it that those who buy the most stuff feel the least 'consumer guilt,' while still expressing the highest levels of awareness? Recent studies have found these and other perplexing contradictions between consumer beliefs, on the one hand, and purchasing behaviors on the other. To help us understand the consumer psyche on a deeper level, through hard facts and a healthy dose of empathy, we are joined by a stellar research panel of domain experts.
1) The document discusses how cultural changes can impact marketers. Understanding differences in areas like values, symbols, colors, and family structures is important for success globally and locally.
2) Cultural trends that may affect marketing strategies include concern for the environment, time saving techniques, technology advancements, leisure activities, and self-actualization. Marketers can address these trends through practices like sustainable packaging, online shopping options, improved products, customer experience programs, and quality products.
3) Capturing customer information through new technologies allows customization, while globalization created by the internet reduces distances between businesses and consumers.
The document discusses the macro environment factors that influence marketing decisions. It describes the macro environment as consisting of uncontrollable external factors like economic, demographic, technological, political, legal, and natural forces. It provides examples of how these factors, such as interest rates, government regulations, and weather, can impact organizations. Finally, it examines several specific macro environment elements in detail, such as the demographic, economic, socio-cultural, technological, natural, and political-legal environments that marketers must consider.
No study on socio economic impact of businessM S Siddiqui
Socio-economic impact measurement can also help business, government, and civil society design more effective collaborations by providing insight into the value it is possible to create and the roles the different partners can play in creating it. The researcher and policy makers may initiate study on such important issue on local businesses.
Brand Lao - linking smallholders to international markets, the Lao PDR experi...mrlgregion
The document discusses a methodology for encouraging sustainable land use by making agricultural production more profitable. It proposes targeting ethical consumers in affluent societies with sustainably produced exports from developing countries. This creates a total value chain that improves incomes and livelihoods at each stage of production and distribution. An example from China demonstrates organizing farmers into cooperatives to produce and market organic green tea of a consistent high quality to Europe. The methodology is then proposed for application in Laos through a "Brand Lao" program featuring traditional products marketed under a brand emphasizing the country's natural and artisanal qualities. Research found ethical consumers receptive to the concept and willing to pay more for authentic products that support sustainable livelihoods. The program would link
Social responsibility & ethics in the global marketAamir Abbasi
This document discusses social responsibility and ethics in international advertising and marketing. It outlines some issues that have arisen from advertising that violates local values. Regulations have increased in many countries in response. Codes of ethics are needed to ensure advertising respects cultural and consumer protection standards. The rights of consumers to information about products and protection from misleading practices must be balanced with companies' ability to promote legal products.
This document discusses sustainability and consumerism. It defines consumerism as protecting consumer interests and defines a consumer as someone who purchases goods for personal use. It then discusses overconsumption, using more resources than can be replenished. Examples show the US consumes 30 times more than India on average. While ads now promote corporate sustainability, the US consumes over 30% of resources being only 5% of the population. Students are assigned activities to research these topics and create a public service announcement about sustainability.
Ethical consumerism is a type of consumer activism based on "dollar voting" that favors ethical products through "positive bullying." Its purpose is to reduce unnecessary consumption by changing habits to buy only necessities and reduce pollution and inequality. People can participate by avoiding pollution, only buying necessities, researching products' manufacturing processes and environmental impacts, rejecting plastic bags, recycling, and using biodegradable products. The money made from selling these products helps social foundations in areas like education, health, environment and human rights. Virtual ethical stores in Peru use profits to help women and teenagers resume their studies and support environmental organizations in Peru and worldwide.
This document provides a critical evaluation of whether retailers can use social media and mobile technologies to alter customer behavior to their own benefit, using the ladies apparel retail sector as an example. It analyzes three retailers - Missguided, H&M, and Chanel - and compares their use of social media and mobile technologies. The document finds that Missguided effectively engages customers on social media, while H&M could improve its approach. Chanel does not need to actively engage customers due to its iconic brand status. Overall, the document suggests retailers can benefit from social media if they build personal relationships and provide a sense of community, as Missguided does successfully.
The document discusses the relationship between consumerism and quality of life in Mexico. It notes that consumerism can positively impact quality of life by creating more job opportunities and allowing people to improve their standard of living and choose from more goods and services. However, not all Mexicans have the resources to participate in consumerism, and the goods may not be available to them. The document also explores some of the advantages and disadvantages of consumerism, how it can impact behaviors and the environment, and factors that influence quality of life.
This document provides an overview of consumerism. It defines consumerism as activities designed to protect consumer rights, including those of government, businesses, and independent organizations. The document outlines the key objectives that will be covered, which include the origin of consumerism, consumer rights and movements, and the role of advertising. It also discusses consumer purchase decisions, characteristics of wise consumers, and examples of consumerism. The document notes that while consumerism spurs economic growth, it can also lead to neglect of the environment, overspending, and stress if desires are never satisfied.
The document discusses trends in ethical consumerism and corporate responsibility. It summarizes research showing that consumers are increasingly concerned about issues like climate change and ethical business practices when making purchasing decisions. Companies are responding by integrating corporate responsibility policies and sustainability more fully into their strategies and operations. Voluntary reporting and transparency initiatives are also growing to better inform consumers.
Consumerism is an ideology that promotes the constant purchasing of goods and services for short-term profit without regard for long-term consequences. It leads to overspending and unequal wealth distribution. While consumerism increases production, employment, and choice of products, it also has negative effects like environmental damage, depletion of resources, impacts on mental health and relationships, and increased crime. The document recommends exercising restraint in consumption and adopting a minimalist lifestyle to reduce these negative impacts.
Ethical consumerism involves choosing products that are made with minimal harm to the environment, animals, and people. It requires considering a company's carbon footprint and ensuring no exploitation of human labor occurred. To engage in ethical consumerism, one should avoid pollution, only buy necessary items, research a product's manufacturing process and environmental impact, reject plastic bags, recycle, and choose biodegradable and unpackaged options when possible. Companies promoting ethical consumerism use money from sales to help people and the planet through supporting education, health, environmental, human rights, and development organizations.
1) Ethical purchasing promotes good labor and environmental standards in supply chains. It involves companies taking responsibility for the practices in their supply chains.
2) Fairtrade certification and standards help ensure products meet agreed standards for the environment, labor rights, and development. Products from Asia that could be certified include cotton, rice and other crops from India.
3) Large brands sourcing from Asia have implemented codes of conduct and ethical sourcing programs to address issues in their supply chains like worker and fire safety, low wages, child labor, and discrimination. Expanding these programs could boost local practices.
This document discusses consumerism and defines it as activities by governments, businesses, and organizations to protect consumer rights. It notes that consumerism aims to help consumers seek remedies for dissatisfaction with products. The document then provides definitions of consumerism and discusses how it originated in response to issues like product shortages and misleading marketing. It also outlines reasons why consumers buy more and companies try to sell more, before listing the importance, responsibilities, and rights of consumers. Examples of consumerism and the relationship between consumerism and quality of life are presented.
Consumerism aims to give consumers more choices and a voice in the marketplace. It arose due to marketing practices that manipulated consumers and a lack of legal protections. Key stakeholders in consumerism are consumers, businesses, and the government. Consumer groups in India advocate for consumers' rights and educate consumers. Initiatives like ASCI's advertising standards and government regulations on pollution and advertising have helped make the marketplace fairer for consumers.
This document discusses H&M's sustainable clothing lines called "Conscious" and "Close the Loop" and the gap between consumers' positive attitudes towards ethical consumption and their actual purchasing behaviors. While 87% of consumers express concern for sustainability, only 33% are willing to buy green products. The document examines factors that influence this attitude-behavior gap, such as selective attention and perception, motivation, lifestyle, and cognition. It also provides strategies for companies to help close the gap, such as educating consumers, improving products, and increasing availability of sustainable options.
Green Marketing incorporates greening products and greening firms. The increasing exposure of global market products and environmental issues like global warming, impact of environmental pollution in turn has raised the green sensitivity of consumers for being eco-friendly and green marketing oriented. However in recent past green consumerism also has been gaining its lime light, Green consumerism has started playing a substance role in ushering corporate environmentalism and constructing business firms green marketing oriented. However, this is not widespread and is still evolving.
Social, Ethical and Legal Issues in Selling.Awais Lakho
This document discusses several social, ethical, and legal issues related to selling. Some of the major issues identified are high pressure selling tactics that persuade unnecessary purchases, planned obsolescence where products are designed to go obsolete to drive more sales, and prioritizing high-income consumers over disadvantaged groups. Additionally, legal issues around competition, fair trade, environmental protection, and truth in advertising are important to consider within a country's commercial framework.
Emerging trends in marketing documents discusses constraints and opportunities for green businesses. [1] Green businesses face constraints like smaller scales of production and limited advertising budgets. [2] However, marketing organic and fair trade products can help raise awareness of such products. [3] Logistics and centralized sourcing can help lower costs and ensure sustainable growth for natural product supply chains.
Research Panel: Untangling the Consumer Attitude/Behavior GapSustainable Brands
If consumers are becoming ever more aware of and interested in global environmental and social challenges, why is their behavior largely not reflective of this? How is it that those who buy the most stuff feel the least 'consumer guilt,' while still expressing the highest levels of awareness? Recent studies have found these and other perplexing contradictions between consumer beliefs, on the one hand, and purchasing behaviors on the other. To help us understand the consumer psyche on a deeper level, through hard facts and a healthy dose of empathy, we are joined by a stellar research panel of domain experts.
1) The document discusses how cultural changes can impact marketers. Understanding differences in areas like values, symbols, colors, and family structures is important for success globally and locally.
2) Cultural trends that may affect marketing strategies include concern for the environment, time saving techniques, technology advancements, leisure activities, and self-actualization. Marketers can address these trends through practices like sustainable packaging, online shopping options, improved products, customer experience programs, and quality products.
3) Capturing customer information through new technologies allows customization, while globalization created by the internet reduces distances between businesses and consumers.
The document discusses the macro environment factors that influence marketing decisions. It describes the macro environment as consisting of uncontrollable external factors like economic, demographic, technological, political, legal, and natural forces. It provides examples of how these factors, such as interest rates, government regulations, and weather, can impact organizations. Finally, it examines several specific macro environment elements in detail, such as the demographic, economic, socio-cultural, technological, natural, and political-legal environments that marketers must consider.
No study on socio economic impact of businessM S Siddiqui
Socio-economic impact measurement can also help business, government, and civil society design more effective collaborations by providing insight into the value it is possible to create and the roles the different partners can play in creating it. The researcher and policy makers may initiate study on such important issue on local businesses.
Brand Lao - linking smallholders to international markets, the Lao PDR experi...mrlgregion
The document discusses a methodology for encouraging sustainable land use by making agricultural production more profitable. It proposes targeting ethical consumers in affluent societies with sustainably produced exports from developing countries. This creates a total value chain that improves incomes and livelihoods at each stage of production and distribution. An example from China demonstrates organizing farmers into cooperatives to produce and market organic green tea of a consistent high quality to Europe. The methodology is then proposed for application in Laos through a "Brand Lao" program featuring traditional products marketed under a brand emphasizing the country's natural and artisanal qualities. Research found ethical consumers receptive to the concept and willing to pay more for authentic products that support sustainable livelihoods. The program would link
Social responsibility & ethics in the global marketAamir Abbasi
This document discusses social responsibility and ethics in international advertising and marketing. It outlines some issues that have arisen from advertising that violates local values. Regulations have increased in many countries in response. Codes of ethics are needed to ensure advertising respects cultural and consumer protection standards. The rights of consumers to information about products and protection from misleading practices must be balanced with companies' ability to promote legal products.
This document discusses sustainability and consumerism. It defines consumerism as protecting consumer interests and defines a consumer as someone who purchases goods for personal use. It then discusses overconsumption, using more resources than can be replenished. Examples show the US consumes 30 times more than India on average. While ads now promote corporate sustainability, the US consumes over 30% of resources being only 5% of the population. Students are assigned activities to research these topics and create a public service announcement about sustainability.
Ethical consumerism is a type of consumer activism based on "dollar voting" that favors ethical products through "positive bullying." Its purpose is to reduce unnecessary consumption by changing habits to buy only necessities and reduce pollution and inequality. People can participate by avoiding pollution, only buying necessities, researching products' manufacturing processes and environmental impacts, rejecting plastic bags, recycling, and using biodegradable products. The money made from selling these products helps social foundations in areas like education, health, environment and human rights. Virtual ethical stores in Peru use profits to help women and teenagers resume their studies and support environmental organizations in Peru and worldwide.
This document provides a critical evaluation of whether retailers can use social media and mobile technologies to alter customer behavior to their own benefit, using the ladies apparel retail sector as an example. It analyzes three retailers - Missguided, H&M, and Chanel - and compares their use of social media and mobile technologies. The document finds that Missguided effectively engages customers on social media, while H&M could improve its approach. Chanel does not need to actively engage customers due to its iconic brand status. Overall, the document suggests retailers can benefit from social media if they build personal relationships and provide a sense of community, as Missguided does successfully.
Consumerism originated as a movement to protect and inform consumers, advocating for their rights and interests. While purchasing goods in excess of basic needs has existed for millennia, mass consumption emerged during the Industrial Revolution when unprecedented productivity led to affordable products available to all. In the late 19th century, conspicuous consumption publicly displayed wealth and status. In modern times, businesses increasingly market to the wealthy whose tastes then influence all consumers, and emulation of social elites drives regular consumers to purchase goods for social status.
The document discusses consumerism and consumer protection. It defines consumerism as a social force that organizes consumer pressure on businesses to protect consumer interests in the marketplace. It notes that consumerism aims to eliminate unfair trade practices and business injustices. The document also outlines the need for consumer protection in areas like health and safety, protection from deceptive practices, environmental impacts, and abuse of monopoly power. It describes different types of consumer purchases from routine to high involvement, as well as impulsive purchases. The document concludes that businesses need to move beyond mass marketing and take a broader view of diverse consumer needs through improved communication and a consumer-oriented approach.
This was a great learning process,this presentation has a lot of videos and thoughts which might be a little difficult to grasp for a layman,unless they are a little familiar to the concept of consumerism,the presentaions starts with thedefination of consumerism which is twofold,namely one that deals with consumer protection which is a customer perspective or pov and the other is the social and economical order that supports the system of purchase of products in ever more quantities,this presentaion is only concerned with this perspective and goes ahead to make the audience realise as to how our lifes would be different if money was not an objectve and that he need of the ppl differ from each other and are based on the psych and nature of human beings and that the system of consumerism is weaved around this,therefore it is of paramount understand the nature and psychology of humans and how the system is built and more importantly the consumer behaviour insights we can pick from that which we can use for formulating designing marketing campaigns .We further go on to show how the system is designed to ensure that we are willing slaves and how our education system and society at large is designed/conditioned over time to ensure we don't stray from the path of choice.this is done by raising some thoughtful points and by the help of some insightful videos,links of which have been added in the presentation. We further go to explain our natural behaviour or what is called evolutionary psychology or evolutionary behaviour to gain insights into how the system was designed andhow it has a direct relation and roads toconsumer behaviour....for eg...as humans we think so it is important to either tap into existing thoughts or create a thought to sell our product or engage the customer,this could be done through branding,advt or promotions(sales) or its in our nature to mate...therefore make one beleive that if one uses a particular product he has a higher chance of scoring with the women.we further go on to explain how psychology is taken into account in designing the system and how we can derive insights to behaviour through videos and images ,herd mentality,following group dynamics through a conformity experiment etc.ending the presentation with a video that tries to encapsulate the base feeling of the presentation by reiterating the fact that we are willing slave and conform to social systems and dont realise what we are doing.
An employee reported a case of sexual harassment against another employee who was considered a friend. The company's ethics department was notified and an investigation was conducted without informing the accused during the process. While waiting for the investigation results was difficult, company policy does not tolerate sexual harassment. Videos and Ted Talks about sexual harassment help educate on appropriate workplace behavior and the serious consequences of such issues.
Ethical dilemmas refer to situations where justice and security officers must make difficult ethical decisions that have adverse consequences. They are often confronted with challenges where they must determine if doing something wrong is justified based on the circumstances. When performing their duties, these institutional actors must use caution and consider the moral limitations of their discretion.
One example is the use of deception in police investigations, such as surveillance devices or undercover work, which raises dilemmas about what is acceptable. In the legal system, judges also face dilemmas around allowing deceptive tactics or ensuring proper oversight. The specifics of each case are important.
In dispensing justice, there are also situations where choosing the lesser of two evils is necessary. Therefore,
This document discusses consumerism in India. It defines consumerism as an organized movement to strengthen buyers' rights and power in relation to sellers. The reasons for consumerism in India include low literacy, ignorance, and imbalanced demand and supply leading to issues like hoarding. Remedies include active participation from businesses, government, and consumers. The Consumer Protection Act of 1986 aims to protect consumers and provide relief. It established consumer rights like the right to safety, information, choice, and redress. The act applies to private, public, and cooperative sectors and provides compensatory relief through dispute resolution bodies.
Creative accounting refers to the practice of manipulating financial statements through the use of accounting policies or transactions to mislead users or make a company's financial position appear more favorable. It provides opportunities to manipulate figures through judgment calls or complex transactions. While some flexibility is allowed in accounting, creative accounting crosses ethical lines. It is used by companies to smooth earnings, hide bad years, or meet targets but ultimately hurts shareholders. Regulators aim to curb it by limiting choices, judgment, and artificial transactions.
El documento describe los problemas asociados con el consumismo excesivo y la cultura de usar y tirar. Explica que el proceso de producción, consumo y descarte de productos está en crisis debido a que las corporaciones solo buscan ganancias sin considerar el impacto ambiental y social. También detalla cómo el consumismo afecta negativamente a las personas y al medio ambiente a través de la sobreexplotación de recursos y la contaminación masiva.
Creative accounting refers to manipulating financial statements through flexibility in accounting rules to misrepresent the actual financial performance and position of a company. It can involve overstating revenues and assets or understating expenses and liabilities. While some view it as a legitimate way to provide clearer financial information, critics argue it misleads investors and other stakeholders for the benefit of managers. Common techniques include improper revenue recognition, manipulating reserves and provisions, and fiddling with acquisition values. Several major accounting scandals in the past involved billions in inflated or fake earnings through creative accounting.
This document discusses and summarizes several advertisements related to social causes. It describes advertisements that promote saving tigers, increasing egg consumption, supporting education initiatives, and encouraging eye and organ donation. The final advertisement discussed is a song created to raise awareness of drug addiction in India on Anti-Narcotics Day.
This document discusses creative accounting and earnings management. It defines creative accounting as manipulating financial statements through inappropriate accounting policies or transactions to make a company appear more favorable. Earnings management is defined as deliberately manipulating earnings to meet targets. The document explores reasons for and methods of both, and whether they are ethical. It also discusses how regulators curb creative accounting and how to detect earnings management.
O documento discute os conceitos de consumo e consumismo. Aborda a definição dos termos, os comportamentos de compra, o poder das marcas, o consumismo infantil e os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o tema.
Advertising plays an important role in brand building and informing the public about available products. However, advertising also faces some social and ethical issues. Advertising has both positive and negative aspects. Positively, it increases sales and brand awareness. Negatively, some ads are deceptive, manipulative, or impact values. Ethical principles like truthfulness, human dignity, and social responsibility should govern advertising. Regulations aim to control false advertising and address health, children, or sensitive product advertising. Self-regulation through defined rules and enforcement is also used to adjudicate unethical ads. Following ethical norms helps gain customer trust and avoid criticism.
Advertising has social, legal, ethical, and economic aspects. Socially, advertising must balance informing consumers and avoiding deception or manipulation. Legally, advertising must comply with government regulations. Ethically, advertising needs to be truthful and consider its effects on children and sensitive products. Economically, advertising makes consumers aware of options, encourages consumption, and fosters competition, but also increases product costs.
The document discusses ethical issues in advertising. It covers the role of advertising in modern business, including its economic, social and psychological functions. Advertising plays an important role by communicating information about products to consumers and creating markets. However, there are also controversies around its impact. The document outlines guidelines from the Advertising Standards Council of India to ensure advertising is truthful, not offensive or indecent, and observes fairness. Common ethical issues include misleading consumers, using vulgarity or stereotypes, and advertising controversial products like alcohol.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
. (TCO 8) Describe the two key considerations in terms of the ment.docxmercysuttle
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PATRICK DE PELSMACKER, LIESBETH DRIESEN,
AND GLENN RAYP
Do Consumers Care about Ethics? Willingness to
Pay for Fair-Trade Coffee
Consumers’ buying behavior is not consistent with their positive
attitude toward ethical products. In a survey of 808 Belgian respond-
ents, the actual willingness to pay for fair-trade coffee was measured.
It was found that the average price premium that the consumers were
willing to pay for a fair-trade label was 10%. Ten percent of the sample
was prepared to pay the current price premium of 27% in Belgium.
Fair-trade lovers (11%) were more idealistic, aged between 31 and
44 years and less ‘‘conventional.’’ Fair-trade likers (40%) were more
idealistic but sociodemographically not significantly different from
the average consumer.
The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent consumers
were willing to pay for the fair-trade attribute when buying coffee, and
how consumers differed in terms of their willingness to pay. First, we will
describe fair trade within the context of ethical consumer behavior. Sub-
sequently, the research questions used in our study will be examined.
Consumers can express their concern about the ethical behavior of com-
panies by means of ethical buying and consumer behavior. In general, the
ethical consumer feels responsible toward society and expresses these feel-
ings by means of his or her purchasing behavior. Doane (2001) defined
ethical consumption as the purchase of a product that concerns a certain
ethical issue (human rights, labor conditions, animal well-being, environ-
ment, etc.) and is chosen freely by an individual consumer. There are
several dimensions of ethical consumer behavior. Some forms of ethical
consumption benefit the natural environment (e.g., environmentally friendly
products, legally logged wood, animal well-being), while others benefit peo-
ple (e.g., products free from child labor, fair-trade products). Cutting across
this distinction, ethical consumption may benefit people or the environment
close to ...
PATRICK DE PELSMACKER, LIESBETH DRIESEN,AND GLENN RAYP.docxherbertwilson5999
PATRICK DE PELSMACKER, LIESBETH DRIESEN,
AND GLENN RAYP
Do Consumers Care about Ethics? Willingness to
Pay for Fair-Trade Coffee
Consumers’ buying behavior is not consistent with their positive
attitude toward ethical products. In a survey of 808 Belgian respond-
ents, the actual willingness to pay for fair-trade coffee was measured.
It was found that the average price premium that the consumers were
willing to pay for a fair-trade label was 10%. Ten percent of the sample
was prepared to pay the current price premium of 27% in Belgium.
Fair-trade lovers (11%) were more idealistic, aged between 31 and
44 years and less ‘‘conventional.’’ Fair-trade likers (40%) were more
idealistic but sociodemographically not significantly different from
the average consumer.
The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent consumers
were willing to pay for the fair-trade attribute when buying coffee, and
how consumers differed in terms of their willingness to pay. First, we will
describe fair trade within the context of ethical consumer behavior. Sub-
sequently, the research questions used in our study will be examined.
Consumers can express their concern about the ethical behavior of com-
panies by means of ethical buying and consumer behavior. In general, the
ethical consumer feels responsible toward society and expresses these feel-
ings by means of his or her purchasing behavior. Doane (2001) defined
ethical consumption as the purchase of a product that concerns a certain
ethical issue (human rights, labor conditions, animal well-being, environ-
ment, etc.) and is chosen freely by an individual consumer. There are
several dimensions of ethical consumer behavior. Some forms of ethical
consumption benefit the natural environment (e.g., environmentally friendly
products, legally logged wood, animal well-being), while others benefit peo-
ple (e.g., products free from child labor, fair-trade products). Cutting across
this distinction, ethical consumption may benefit people or the environment
close to home (e.g., some types of green products or organic food), or
Patrick De Pelsmacker ([email protected]) is a marketing professor at the University of
Antwerp. Liesbeth Driesen was a researcher at the Ghent University. Glenn Rayp ([email protected])
is a professor in international economics at the Ghent University.
Financial support of the University Development Cooperation of the Flemish Interuniversity Council
is gratefully acknowledged. The authors wish to thank the participants of the 33rd European Marketing
Academy (EMAC) conference for their useful comments and suggestions. All remaining errors are ours.
The Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 39, No. 2, 2005
ISSN 0022-0078
Copyright 2005 by the American Council on Consumer Interests
WINTER 2005 VOLUME 39, NUMBER 2 363
conversely in a faraway part of the world (e.g., fair-trade products or legally
logged wood). Consumers can translate their ethical concerns by means.
This document proposes a new construct called Consumer Sustainability Consciousness as a way to understand what drives consumers to purchase sustainable products and services from an integrated "Triple Bottom Line" perspective involving economic, social and environmental benefits. The construct is proposed to have five dimensions: Sense of Retribution, Access to Information, Labelling and Peer Pressure, Health Issues, and Crisis Scenario. Previous literature on sustainability from economic, social and environmental perspectives is reviewed to develop this new construct. A 19-item scale is proposed to measure Consumer Sustainability Consciousness and validate the five dimensional structure.
The document provides an acknowledgement and abstract for a project on consumer behavior and purchasing decisions related to laptops.
The acknowledgement thanks various individuals who provided support and guidance in completing the project, including the director of the institute, a professor who provided guidance and support, and fellow students.
The abstract introduces the topic of studying the factors that influence consumers' purchase decisions of laptops and whether there are differences among consumer groups (stayers, satisfied switchers, dissatisfied switchers) in the importance given to these factors. It also discusses understanding the attitudes of these three customer groups to help with retention and loyalty strategies.
A Research on Consumer Behaviour Konya Sample.pdfMonica Franklin
This study analyzed the consumer purchasing decision process for car window tinting in Konya, Turkey through interviews with 20 business owners. The interviews found that:
1) Most customers research window tinting options before purchasing, gathering information from the internet and advertisements.
2) Customers primarily want window tinting for aesthetic reasons to make their vehicle look better, followed by health reasons to protect from sun exposure. Security and status/prestige were less common motivations.
3) Customers evaluate options based on both rational factors like product quality and price, as well as emotional factors like recommendations from friends or advertisements when making their purchase decision.
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior related to toothpaste brands in Bangalore, India. It begins with an abstract describing the importance of understanding consumer behavior for business success. It then reviews literature on various factors that influence consumer decisions, including demographics, product attributes, quality, packaging, promotions, and brand awareness. The research methodology section describes how the study used a descriptive design and simple random sampling to collect primary data via questionnaires from 200 consumers in Bangalore. The results found that 80% of respondents use toothpaste, with 60% brushing once per day. Half of respondents purchase toothpaste twice per month.
An Essay On Consumer Behaviour Theories And FrameworksChristine Maffla
This document provides an overview of theories of consumer behavior, including economic, psychological, psychoanalytical, and socio-cultural theories. It begins by defining consumer behavior and different types of consumption. It then discusses some of the major economic theories, including marginal utility theory, psychological law of consumption, and absolute, relative, and permanent income hypotheses. It also briefly discusses John Maynard Keynes' rejection of the Say's Law and how his analysis points to a hierarchy of consumer needs. The document aims to provide a comprehensive picture of theoretical research on consumer behavior.
The document summarizes several previous studies on mango fruit drinks and soft drinks. It discusses 18 different studies conducted between 1984-1993. The key findings of the studies include:
- Campa Cola was found to be the most popular soft drink brand among consumers in India in the 1980s. Factors like age, profession and income influenced brand preferences.
- Family members have significant influence on purchase decisions. Advertising was found to influence consumer behavior and create preferences for advertised brands.
- Television was the most effective advertising medium for soft drinks. Tetra Paks became more popular than bottles due to convenience. Gold Spot was often the most preferred soft drink brand.
Global Environmental Change 12 (2002) 5–13Consumption, humMatthewTennant613
Global Environmental Change 12 (2002) 5–13
Consumption, human needs, and global environmental change
Richard Wilk*
Anthropology Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA
Abstract
Rapidly increasing levels of consumption ofmaterials, energy, and services are one of the fundamental drivers of global and local
environmental change. Yet consumption is still a poorly understood phenomenon and the social, cultural, economic, and
psychological variables that determine consumption have not been clearly identified. Effective policymaking and prediction is
impossible without knowing what determines and changes consumption levels. Diverse social-scientific models of consumption
are largely incommensurate, poorly articulated, and untested. Rather than argue for one fundamental cause, this author reviews a
number of alternative theoretical approaches, and then proposes a heterodox ‘‘multigenic’’ theory based on the work of
Pierre Bourdieu. Such a theory accepts multiple types of causes of consumption, operating at different analytical levels, from
the individual, through household, community, and ultimately to nations and other groups. Factors impelling and
restraining consumption can therefore be balanced or unbalanced by relatively minor changes in a large number of interrelated
variables. r 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Consumption; Consumer culture; Social change; Human needs
1. Introduction
Awide varietyof scholars andactivists have identified
modern mass consumer society as a fundamental driver
of both global economic growth and environmental
damage (Redclift, 1996; Stern et al., 1997). The spread
of high-level consumption practices across the planet
has the potential to dramatically increase human
impacts on both local and global resources, and
contribute to continuing climate change (Myers, 1997;
Wilk, 1998). Direct consumption of food, water,
construction materials, energy and other renewable
and nonrenewable resources is the easiest to track and
quantify. Indirect consumption also has major impact
on the environment; extraction, production, disposal
and transportation of goods are linked together in
complex ‘commodity chains’ that can make it very
difficult to assess the full environmental effects of even
common and everyday products like coffee and running
shoes (Ryan and Durning, 1997). Nevertheless, the
WorldWildlife Foundation estimates that the consump-
tion of resources and consequent pollution are currently
increasing by around 2 per cent per year (WWF, 1999).
On a global basis the demand for consumer goods is
not a simple consequence of income levels. Economic
historians now argue that consumer demand has
historically been highly variable, and is a fundamental
cause of economic growth, rather than a consequence of
it (Mukerji, 1983; Tiersten, 1993; Belk, 1995). It is also
apparent that populations at the same income levels can
have drastically different levels of environmental ...
Consumer buying behavior involves a process where individuals select, purchase, use, and dispose of products and services to meet their needs and desires. Understanding consumer behavior is complex as consumers can say one thing but do another or be influenced by factors they are not fully aware of. Consumer behavior is influenced by cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. Marketers research consumer buying behavior to understand what influences purchase decisions and how to meet consumer needs.
Collectors seem to share unique personality traits with respect to their hobby or collection. The study found that collectors tend to be highly patient, passionate about their interest area, and able to deal with challenges in acquiring new items for their collection. They remain dedicated to their hobby despite ups and downs, are aware of trends in their interest area, and are willing to invest significant time and money to further their collection. Collecting provides meanings related to one's identity, relationships with others, preservation of history, and financial investment. However, it can also resemble addictive behavior for some. The personality traits of collectors highlight their enduring involvement and deep commitment to both the objects and process of acquiring items for their collection.
Values vs. Value. New research shows a disparity between what s.docxtienboileau
Values vs. Value. New research shows a disparity between what shoppers believe and what they actually do.
Read the article and pose a discussion question to your fellow classmates.
vs. Value
New research revealing a disparity between what shoppers say and what they do debunks the myth of the ethical consumer.
Illustration by Keith Negley
During the last 25 years, there has been debate about the value of corporate social responsibility (CSR), particularly as it relates to the rise of “ethical consumers.” These are shoppers who base purchasing decisions on whether a product’s social and ethical positioning — for example, its environmental impact or the labor practices used to manufacture it — aligns with their values. Many surveys purport to show that even the average consumer is demanding so-called ethical products, such as fair trade–certified coffee and chocolate, fair labor–certified garments, cosmetics produced without animal testing, and products made through the use of sustainable technologies. Yet when companies offer such products, they are invariably met with indifference by all but a selected group of consumers.
Is the consumer a cause-driven liberal when surveyed, but an economic conservative at the checkout line? Is the ethical consumer little more than a myth? Although many individuals bring their values and beliefs into purchasing decisions, when we examined actual consumer behavior, we found that the percentage of shopping choices made on a truly ethical basis proved far smaller than most observers believe, and far smaller than is suggested by the anecdotal data presented by advocacy groups.
The trouble with the data on ethical consumerism is that the majority of research relies on people reporting on their own purchasing habits or intentions, whether in surveys or through interviews. But there is little if any validation of what consumers report in these surveys, and individuals tend to dramatically overstate the importance of social and ethical responsibility when it comes to their purchasing habits. As noted by John Drummond, CEO of Corporate Culture, a CSR consultancy, “Most consumer research is highly dubious, because there is a gap between what people say and what they do.”
The purchasing statistics on ethical products in the marketplace support this assertion. Most of these products have attained only niche market positions. The exceptions tend to be relatively rare circumstances in which a multinational corporation has acquired a company with an ethical product or service, and invested in its growth as a separate business, without altering its other business lines (or the nature of its operations). For example, Unilever’s purchase of Ben & Jerry’s Homemade Inc. allowed for the expansion of the Ben & Jerry’s ice cream franchise within the United States, but the rest of Unilever’s businesses remained largely unaffected. Companies that try to engage in proactive, cause-oriented product development often find the ...
This document summarizes a research paper presented at the 2013 WEI International Academic Conference in Istanbul, Turkey. The research paper examines the relationship between factors that affect green purchase intentions among consumers in Pakistan. Specifically, it analyzes the impact of environmental concern, social influence, self-image, and man-nature orientation on green purchase intention. The statistical analysis found that environmental concern did not impact green purchasing intention, while social influence, self-image, and man-nature orientation did influence green purchase intention. The document provides context on green consumerism and discusses relevant literature on green purchase intention and the factors analyzed in the research.
This document is a thesis submitted by Nicole Britton to Southampton Solent University in April 2015 for the degree of BSc (Hons) in Psychology. The thesis examines the link between brand familiarity, brand preference, and purchase intentions using eye tracking methodology. It includes an introduction reviewing literature on consumer behavior, learning and memory, brand familiarity and preference, and their relationship to purchase intentions. The thesis then describes the eye tracking study methodology, presents results, and discusses findings in relation to the research questions.
The chapter discusses the proliferation of wellness in western society. Wellness is defined as an active process through which people become aware of choices that lead to a more successful existence, going beyond just physical health. The wellness movement originated from health but has evolved into a phenomenon since the 1970s. It is now a fully commercialized industry where consumers spend to enrich their quality of life. Seligman's theory of well-being identifies five elements of well-being: positive emotion, engagement, positive relationships, meaning and accomplishment. Millennials in particular view wellness as a priority due to growing up during the rise of wellness. Access to information through technology has increased awareness of health and wellness among consumers who want
Importance of Food Packaging and Its Relation to the Consumer's Demographic ...inventionjournals
This document discusses a study on the relationship between food packaging and consumer demographics. The study surveyed 60 consumers in Mysore, India about the importance of various packaging attributes. Statistical analysis found that income had a significant association with important packaging elements, with higher-income consumers caring more about features like variety of sizes. However, gender, age and education were not significantly related to perceptions of packaging importance. The findings suggest food companies should focus marketing strategies involving enhanced packaging on higher-income target segments.
This chapter reviews literature and studies related to consumer purchasing habits and decision-making processes. It discusses several theories that help explain consumer behavior, including reinforcement theory and diffusion of innovation theory. Previous related studies examined factors like brand, price, quality, and promotion that influence purchasing decisions. However, no study specifically investigated the purchasing habits of coffee drinkers in terms of frequency, brand switching, and purchase volume. This study aims to address that gap.
The Role of Attitude as Relationship Mediation between Products Knowledge an...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Green Movement is transforming into the mainstream articulation of the current business world.
Over the world, associations are making green strategies and hence are moving toward working up a low
carbon scene. Retailing is as old as business
Similar to Ethical Consumerism: The Role Played by Consumer Identity and Self (20)
Google Ads Vs Social Media Ads-A comparative analysisakashrawdot
Explore the differences, advantages, and strategies of using Google Ads vs Social Media Ads for online advertising. This presentation will provide insights into how each platform operates, their unique features, and how they can be leveraged to achieve marketing goals.
This session will aim to comprehensively review the current state of artificial intelligence techniques for emotional recognition and their potential applications in optimizing digital advertising strategies. Key studies developing AI models for multimodal emotion recognition from videos, images, and neurophysiological signals were analyzed to build content for this session. The session delves deeper into the current challenges, opportunities to help realize the full benefits of emotion AI for personalized digital marketing.
In this dynamic session titled "Future-Proof Like Beyoncé: Syncing Email and Social Media for Iconic Brand Longevity," Carlos Gil, U.S. Brand Evangelist for GetResponse, unveils how to safeguard and elevate your digital marketing strategy. Explore how integrating email marketing with social media can not only increase your brand's reach but also secure its future in the ever-changing digital landscape. Carlos will share invaluable insights on developing a robust email list, leveraging data integration for targeted campaigns, and implementing AI tools to enhance cross-platform engagement. Attendees will learn how to maintain a consistent brand voice across all channels and adapt to platform changes proactively. This session is essential for marketers aiming to diversify their online presence and minimize dependence on any single platform. Join Carlos to discover how to turn social media followers into loyal email subscribers and ultimately, drive sustainable growth and revenue for your brand. By harnessing the best practices and innovative strategies discussed, you will be equipped to navigate the challenges of the digital age, ensuring your brand remains relevant and resonant with your audience, no matter the platform. Don’t miss this opportunity to transform your approach and achieve iconic brand longevity akin to Beyoncé's enduring influence in the entertainment industry.
Key Takeaways:
Integration of Email and Social Media: Understanding how to seamlessly integrate email marketing with social media efforts to expand reach and reinforce brand presence. Building a Robust Email List: Strategies for developing a strong email list that provides a direct line of communication to your audience, independent of social media algorithms. Data Integration for Targeted Campaigns: Leveraging combined data from email and social media to create personalized, targeted marketing campaigns that resonate with the audience. Utilization of AI Tools: Implementing AI and automation tools to enhance efficiency and effectiveness across marketing channels. Consistent Brand Voice Across Platforms: Maintaining a unified brand voice and message across all digital platforms to strengthen brand identity and user trust. Proactive Adaptation to Platform Changes: Staying ahead of social media platform changes and algorithm updates to keep engagement high and interactions meaningful. Conversion of Social Followers to Email Subscribers: Techniques to encourage social media followers to subscribe to email, ensuring a direct and consistent connection. Sustainable Growth and Minimized Platform Dependence: Strategies to diversify digital presence and reduce reliance on any single social media platform, thereby mitigating risks associated with platform volatility.
As the call for for skilled experts continues to develop, investing in quality education and education from a reputable https://www.safalta.com/online-digital-marketing/best-digital-marketing-institute-in-noida Digital advertising institute in Noida can lead to a a success career on this eve
In today's digital world, customers are just a click away. "Grow Your Business Online: Introduction to Digital Marketing" dives into the exciting world of digital marketing, equipping you with the tools and strategies to reach new audiences, expand your reach, and ultimately grow your business.
website = https://digitaldiscovery.institute/
address = C 210 A Industrial Area, Phase 8B, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140308
In the digital age, businesses are inundated with tools promising to streamline operations, enhance creativity, and boost productivity. Yet, the true key to digital transformation lies not in the accumulation of tools but in strategically integrating the right AI solutions to revolutionize workflows. Join Jordache, an experienced entrepreneur, tech strategist and AI consultant, as he explores essential AI tools across three critical categories—Ideation, Creation, and Operations—that can reshape the way your business creates, operates, and scales.This talk will guide you through the practicalities of selecting and effectively using AI tools that go beyond the basics of today’s popular tools like ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Midjourney, or Dall-E. For each category of tools, Jordache will address three crucial questions: What is each tool? Why is each one valuable to you as a business leader? How can you start using it in your workflow? This approach will not only clarify the role of these tools but also highlight their strategic value, making it perfect for business leaders ready to make informed decisions about integrating AI into their workflows.
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>> Strategic Selection and Integration: Understand how to select AI tools that align with your business goals and how to conceptually integrate them into your workflows to enhance efficiency and innovation.
>> Understanding AI Tool Categories: Gain a deeper understanding of how AI tools can be leveraged in the areas of ideation, creation, and operation—transforming each aspect of your business.
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The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
Yes, It's Your Fault Book Launch WebinarDemandbase
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Tired of the perpetual tug-of-war between your sales and marketing teams? Come hear Demandbase Chief Marketing Officer, Kelly Hopping and Chief Sales Officer, John Eitel discuss key insights from their new book, “Yes, It’s Your Fault! From Blame to Gain: Achieving Sales and Marketing Alignment to Drive B2B Growth.”
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The underlying dynamics fueling sales and marketing misalignment
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Why it’s essential to break down technology and data silos
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The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
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Capstone Project: Luxury Handloom Saree Brand
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The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
Build marketing products across the customer journey to grow your business and build a relationship with your customer. For example you can build graders, calculators, quizzes, recommendations, chatbots or AR apps. Things like Hubspot's free marketing grader, Moz's site analyzer, VenturePact's mobile app cost calculator, new york times's dialect quiz, Ikea's AR app, L'Oreal's AR app and Nike's fitness apps. All of these examples are free tools that help drive engagement with your brand, build an audience and generate leads for your core business by adding value to a customer during a micro-moment.
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Ethical Consumerism: The Role Played by Consumer Identity and Self
1. 09/11/15 2224030 MKTU9M5
ETHICAL CONSUMERISM:
THE ROLE PLAYED BY
CONSUMER IDENTITY AND SELF
Student Number: 2224030
Module Code: MKTU9M5
Word Count: 2998
2. 09/11/15 2224030 MKTU9M5
ETHICAL CONSUMERISM: THE ROLE
PLAYED BY CONSUMER IDENTITY AND
SELF
INTRODUCTION
Ethical consumerism, defined as the
purchase of products produced in a way
that limits or avoids the social and
environmental negative consequences of
global trade (Uusitalo and Oksanen, 2004),
is becoming increasingly important both in
the minds of consumers and within
business strategies. In fact, most people
define themselves as environmentally
conscious. At the same time, the vast
majority of firms have developed a CSR or
a Sustainability dedicated business
section, in response to the results of many
researches within this field that have
clearly shown the positive effects that
ethical and sustainable approaches have
on profitability, market shares, customer
satisfaction and employee commitment
(Moser, 2015).
However, the green and the fair trade
sectors of the market are not having the
expected success. People seem to have
many different responses to green and
ethical marketing and to the related global
issues. A great amount of buyers tend to
define themselves as environmentally
conscious without actually engaging with
environmentally-friendly products. For
what concerns fair trade consumerism, the
attitude-behaviour gap is even wider as
everyone claims to care about human
rights, while very few people translate fair
trades principles on to consumer purchase
behaviour (Strong, 1997).
What is the role played by consumer
identity and self within this context?
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
The Literature Review will be based on the
connection between the context of the
ethical and sustainable consumption and
the consumer identity. The theoretical
lenses that have been selected to
investigate the topic and address the main
questions are:
I. The Extended Self theory which will
support the understanding of how
people decide to build or not to build
their pro-environment self-image
through the association with green
purchasing behaviour and to what
extent sustainable products are seen
as an extension of their identity (Belk,
1988). These two elements will
s u b s e q u e n t l y d e t e r m i n e t h e
magnitude of the influence that the
individuals’ identity features have on
their consumer behaviour.
II. The Symbolic Interactionism theory
which refers to the fact that people
form their identity through the social
role that they are supposed to have
within peer groups (Leigh and Gabel,
1992). Consequently, social groups
and the opinion of people influence
consumers who tend to consume
products that communicate their
desired self to the external social
environment. This theoretical lens will
be useful to identify the stereotypical
characteristics that people gain in the
eyes of peers when purchasing ethical
products.
III. The Neutralisation theory which will
be crucial to understand how people
that are not consistent with their
environmentally conscious attitude
when it comes to actually buying
ethical products rationalise their
decision (Johnstone and Tan, 2015). It
is necessary for them to rationalise the
choice because otherwise they would
feel guilty and their self-esteem would
be negatively affected.
KEY THEMES
Three specific questions will be
deconstructed and investigated through
the knowledge provided by previous
literature and the chosen theoretical
lenses.
T h e fi r s t t h e m e h a s b e e n v e r y
controversially discussed in previous
literature and concerns the definition of
which are the antecedents or drivers of
consumer behaviour. Many attributes have
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been investigated in previous literature to
find the ones directly influencing consumer
purchasing choices with regards to ethical
products.
The second question that will be
addressed relates to the differences in the
perception of the self and subsequently in
the purchasing behaviour of green
products between collectivist societies
(e.g. India) and individualistic societies
(e.g. Portugal, Spain, UK).
The third element of discussion will cover
the way in which people who define
themselves as environmentally conscious
but do not follow this principle in their
purchasing behaviour rationalise their
choice in order not to lower their self-
esteem and damage the perception they
have of their own identity.
BENEFITS OF THE LITERATURE
REVIEW
The literature review will give and overall
view on ethical consumerism, the process
that brings customers to buy or not to buy
ethical products and the outcomes. This
topic has been covered in many papers
and researches during the last decades,
what differs is that this literature review will
analyse this trends without referring to one
particular country or to a group of similar
countries. Instead, it will go through the
differences between eastern and western
societies, bringing together in one paper
the diversity of the results collected by
researchers all over the world.
Moreover, the connection between identity
and green purchasing behaviour will be
analysed in depth and some implications
for marketers will be identified.
DRIVERS OF ETHICAL CONSUMERISM:
A BROADER VIEW
Akehurst et al. (2012) have developed a
research among the adult population of
Portugal analysing both demographic and
psychographic variables. Demographic
variables (i.e. sex, age, education, income)
have shown irrelevant impact on green
purchasing behaviour. On the other hand,
psychographic variables seemed to be
quite effective on customer behaviour.
Findings have shown that altruism has a
great influence on the purchasing
decisions of consumers. In fact, altruism is
by definition the concern about others and
it can be extended in terms of the general
concern about the well being of everyone
else. The welfare of the environment
around us influences the present and the
future health and prosperity of the human
race. Another interesting factor that
Akehurst et al. (2012) have found to have
a strong impact on the choice of
purchasing green products is the
Perceived Consumer Behaviour (PCE).
Johnstone and Tan (2015) support this
theory as they also found, through their
research, that individuals tend to think that
if no one else worries about trying to be
green and make the world a better place, it
is pointless that only some individuals do.
People find hard to understand the
importance and impact of their individual
action towards the cause, as they cannot
immediately see it. Subsequently,
individuals that are surrounded by other
ethical consumers are more likely to
believe in the effectiveness of their actions
and to engage a green purchasing
behaviour.
Fraj and Martinez’s (2006) work is based
on a sample of 595 Spanish individuals
and their purpose was to identify which
values and lifestyles provide valid
explanation for ethical consumerism. The
conclusions that have been drawn explain
ecological behaviour through two main
antecedents. The first one is the value
given to ecological matters and the second
one is the enterprising spirit of consumers.
It is easy to justify the first element they
have identified, while the enterprising spirit
can be deconstructed and seen as a self-
fulfilment feeling, a constant need to strive
for improvement. People who care about
being the best version of themselves and
always try to improve, resulted to apply
this attitude also when concerning the
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environment, which they try to improve
through ethical consumerism. In fact,
consumers presenting enterprising spirit
resulted to be characterised by having an
ecological lifestyle (Fraj and Martinez,
2006). Thus, ecological values along with
active, enterprising and improvement-
focused lifestyle seem to be determining
factors of ecological consumer behaviour.
Khare (2015) has looked for the
antecedents to ethical purchasing
behaviour within the Indian emerging
economy. Findings have shown that green
self-identity, peer influence and past green
buying behaviour accounted for 54.9
percent for ethical consumerism (Khare,
2015). These results clearly demonstrate
that most of Indian people purchasing
green products feel a connection between
their purchases and their identity. In fact,
not only one of the main reasons for their
green buying behaviour is that they see
ethics as a reflection of their own identity
and want to apply this principle to their
buying behaviour as well, but they also
and most importantly want and feel proud
to show their peers their green identity
through the purchases they make.
In conclusion, it can be said that the most
relevant driving forces determining ethical
consumerism are altruism, perceived
consumer behaviour, ecological values,
enterprising spirit, green self-identity, peer
influence and past green buying behaviour.
The theory of the extended self can
explain four of them:
• Altruism and enterprising spirit are
closely related and refer to the desire to
improve the quality of life. This desire is
a feature which is part of the individuals’
identity and the will to reflect this
characteristic in the buying behaviour is
clear.
• Ecological values and green self identity
are the same thing and represent an
internal feature that people want to
develop and display to others also
through the products they purchase,
resulting in a symbolic consumption of
products they identify with and that
represent an extension of their self.
The theory of symbolic interactionism
clarifies the other three elements:
• Perceived consumer behaviour can be
defined as the influence that what other
people choose to do has on the
customer, which is very similar to peer
influence. People feel the need to be
like their peers to be accepted and are
reluctant to do something if they are not
sure about the fact that the majority of
other people will do the same (Gupta
and Ogden, 2009).
• Past green buying behaviour also
relates to influence groups as someone
who has been initiated to the purchase
of green products by someone they
trust is more likely to start consuming
ethically.
COLLECTIVIST SOCIETIES VERSUS
I N D I V I D U A L I S T S O C I E T I E S : A
COMPARISON
Through the analysis of a number of
experiments and researches developed in
different parts of the world, it has become
clear that the perception of the self varies
significantly depending on the context and
the cultural background of individuals. As it
has been explained above through findings
and theoretical lenses, the concept of
identity is closely related to the ethical
consumption patterns. It is interesting to
investigate how different societies can
shape the individuals’ perception of their
identity and consequently change their
customer behaviour.
The comparison will be based on two
types of societies: collectivist societies,
such as the Indian society and individualist
societies, such as the USA.
In an emerging country like India,
information and awareness about green
products and marketing and the related
behaviours are limited and their popularity
is just starting to increase Khare (2015). In
collectivist societies, peer influence and
group conformance are considered
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fundamental principles which lie at the
basis of the culture itself. Consumers
perceive their identity as derived from the
group they are part of, and consequently
Indian customers prefer adhering to
norms, rules and common practices if it
means the possibility to be part of a social
group.
Within individualistic developed nations
such as the USA, green marketing is quite
aggressive and people are surrounded by
incredibly large amounts of information
about ethical consumerism. However,
many people find it confusing and suspect
as they are not sure of which companies
are truly ethical and which are developing
a greenwashing process (Johnstone and
Tan, 2015). Individualistic societies tend to
make people less likely to conform to a
new consumption pattern, as people are
more interested in their own opinion and
thoughts as individuals and tend to
question more and be more sceptic. Within
individualistic cultures, people are slightly
less interested in being accepted in
specific social groups as they do not
consider it as crucial as in collectivist
societies, their push towards ethical
consumption comes mainly from their own
values and only in part from social
pressure (Moser, 2015).
To sum up, it can be stated that the main
difference between collectivist and
individualist societies is that in collectivist
societies people tend to perceive their
identity as strictly connected to the social
group they belong to and, as a
consequence, their purchasing behaviour
depends on what they are expected to do
within the group. In other words, members
of collectivist societies value their
membership more than their personal
preferences (Decropet al., 2007). Within
individualistic societies, instead, people
define themselves as individuals and like
to think that their features are unique. This
mindset lead them to be more sceptic and
to differentiate from others, resulting in
purchasing decisions that are mainly
driven by their own opinions and
preferences.
THE ATTITUDE-BEHAVIOUR GAP: HOW
PEOPLE RATIONALISE THEIR LACK OF
CONSISTENCY
Research (e.g. international surveys,
opinion polls) shows that consumers are
concerned about the environment (Gupta
and Ogden, 2009) (Johnstone and Tan,
2015). However, 59 percent of Americans
claim they do not even think about
participating in ethical activities (Gupta and
Ogden, 2009). Moreover, experiments with
focus groups provide plenty of examples of
individuals who define themselves as
environmentally conscious, but still are
incapable of performing a truly ethical
consumer behaviour, for example:
“In my flat I flick off the lights and only fill
up the kettle about half way and my
flatmates they’ll be like, what are you doing
that for? They’re throwing out bottles and
things like this and you’re just making this
sort of effort and you just think, what’s the
point?” (Johnstone and Tan, 2015).
If ethical principles are part of their identity,
how do customers protect their self identity
and self esteem from their lack of
consistency? Johnstone and Tan (2015)
have found that most people tend to use
neutralisation techniques to justify their
personal norm-violating behaviour. The
most popular neutralisation techniques
seem to be the denial of responsibility, the
denial of injury and the appeal to higher
loyalties (Johnstone and Tan, 2015).
The denial of responsibility is often based
on factors like monetary cost, great
amount of time spent on deciding which
products are more reliable, unclear
marketing messages and lack of
government intervention with adequate
policies and norms.
The denial of injury is supported by
common belief arguments such as that
non-green products have never killed
anyone and that there is no evidence they
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actually harm the environment. The
opposite argument is also made stating
that it is useless to put into practice ethical
principles as long as most people keep on
harming the environment. As stated before
and demonstrated in the customer citation
at the beginning of the paragraph, people
are unlikely to take action if they do not
believe that others will do the same. In
fact, green buyers are usually high trusters
who expect that other people will act in
their same way (Gupta and Ogden, 2009).
The appeal to higher loyalties is one of the
most utilised methods to rationalise the
deviancy and often refers to the
commitment to familial duties, such as the
fact that if you are trying to raise your
children and have no money and a lot of
things to do, you need to choose what is
best for your family.
In conclusion, it can be said that there is a
strong connection between the purchasing
choices and the perception of the self and
identity. In fact, when people do not
manage to be consistent with their ethical
principles when buying, they feel the need
to justify their lack of coherence through
neutralisation techniques. However, these
justifications are quite weak. The denial of
responsibility can be addressed by
marketers and policy makers by improving
communications and norms. The denial of
injury can be denied by simply providing
some information on the effects of ethical
consumption and non-ethical consumption
on the environment. The appeal to higher
loyalties can easily be invalidated by
pointing out that the welfare of the
environment is something concerning
everyone and that this is the world in which
future generations will have to live, people
cannot state they are using intoxicating
products because raising children is more
important while they are destroying the
world in which the same children will have
to live.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Findings from researches developed all
over the world, concerning both emerging
and developed economies, western and
eastern countries have shown that the
main factors determining consumer
behaviour are: altruism, perceived
consumer behaviour (Akehurst et al.,
2012), ecological values, enterprising spirit
(Fraj and Martinez, 2006), green self-
identity, peer influence and past green
buying behaviour (Khare, 2015). Each of
these factors is related to the self and
identity of individuals, as demonstrated
through the extended self theory and the
symbolic interactionism theory.
Consumers belonging to collectivist
societies such as India define their identity
through their role in society and are more
likely to be influenced by peer groups in
their purchasing decisions, while members
of individualistic societies tend to define
their identity through their ‘unique’
characteristics and value more their own
preferences and values which are the
drivers of their consumption choices.
These differences between cultural
contexts lead to diversity in the perception
of the identity and purchasing behaviour is
strongly influenced, demonstrating once
more the importance of the self in
customer behaviour.
The concept of identity is linked to
purchasing decisions in a way that makes
it difficult for customers to accept that they
are not being consistent with the ethical
principles they claim to have when
choosing not to consume green products.
Accepting their lack of consistency would
lower their self-esteem and, in order to
protect it, they try to rationalise their choice
through neutralisation techniques such as
the denial of responsibility, the denial of
injury and the appeal to higher loyalties.
Implications for marketers would be to
encourage experienced green consumers
to help other people understand the
benefits of ethical consumerism, applying
a ‘learning by doing strategy’ (Tadajewski
and Wagner‐Tsukamoto, 2006). In this
way, people would also feel more
comfortable surrounded by peers and
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would be more likely to trust them.
Moreover, marketers should explain more
in detail the positive effects that every
single action of every single person can
have on the environment, in order to stop
people thinking they will have no impact if
other people do not start behaving
ecologically. Also, providing customers
with more precise information and policies
concerning ecological behaviour would
deny neutralisation techniques, showing
the weakness of the arguments and
stopping people from using them to justify
themselves.
Future research should collect actual
purchasing data and focus more on those
instead of using surveys and interviews as
people are not always accurate in
evaluating themselves. Moreover, the
stereotype of the ethical consumer should
be analysed more in depth in order to
overcome it and make people take global
issues seriously.
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