This document discusses a study on the relationship between food packaging and consumer demographics. The study surveyed 60 consumers in Mysore, India about the importance of various packaging attributes. Statistical analysis found that income had a significant association with important packaging elements, with higher-income consumers caring more about features like variety of sizes. However, gender, age and education were not significantly related to perceptions of packaging importance. The findings suggest food companies should focus marketing strategies involving enhanced packaging on higher-income target segments.
1) The document examines how cultural factors like individualism-collectivism and power distance influence adolescents' role in family purchase decisions of computers in Portugal.
2) It analyzes data from surveys of 726 mothers and 726 adolescents about the adolescent's influence on buying a family computer.
3) Results found socio-oriented communication, television influence, and family income predict computer purchases, and perceptions between mothers and adolescents were generally similar, though some differences also emerged.
This document discusses factors that affect the location choices of street vendors in Science City, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. It first provides background on the role and importance of street vendors in the Philippines' economy, noting that they make up 72.5% of employment in the informal sector. It then reviews literature on the evolution of markets and consumer behavior, the role of ethnicity, and the roles of government in regulating street vending. The purpose of the study is to provide baseline data on how street vendors choose locations and to help minimize their costs of competition by understanding the key determinants of their location decisions.
The study aims to measure the customers’
expectation levels of service quality in the food retail sector
against their perceptions levels of the service quality at
Nakumatt hypermarkets and to determine the gap
between customers’ expectations and their perceptions of
the service quality.
A descriptive research design was adopted to carry out
the research. Using a SERVQUAL survey instrument
based on the Dabholkar RSQS model this study was
conducted with customers from Nakumatt stores in
Nairobi Kenya. . Through a self reported questionnaire,
150 respondents were approached using a convenience
sampling method from the store locations.
Key findings include confirmation that customers have
higher expectations for service quality in retail
supermarkets than is anticipated. Gap 5, which is a gap
between customers’ Expected Service and customers’
Perceive This study does not differentiate applicability of
the RSQS in the different formats of the retail store.
Future research should examine the impact of the different
retail formats in using the scale for measuring retail
service quality. Also the customers were a little reluctant
in revealing the information because of the lengthiness of
the questionnaire.
This is one of the few studies which attempted to
investigate customers’ expectations of service quality in
retail supermarket in Kenya. d Service, was identified.
1. The study examines Malaysian consumers' shopping behavior and factors influencing repurchase intentions for selected consumer goods.
2. A survey was conducted of 1000 consumers, of which 500 responses were analyzed. The study developed a framework relating product attributes, demographics, interpersonal influence to repurchase intentions.
3. Regression analysis found that for high involvement products, quality, brand name, informational influence, and product information significantly predicted repurchase intentions, while for low involvement products, price and brand name were significant predictors. Interpersonal influence did not significantly affect repurchase intentions for either product type.
This document summarizes a study on the consumer buying behavior of online shoppers in the Philippines. It found that the majority of online shoppers are female, between 21-30 years old, and students. Clothing and apparel were the most regularly purchased items. Most respondents spent less than 1,000 PHP and used cash on delivery. Convenience was the main motivating factor for online shopping. Misleading product information was the most common problem encountered. The researchers suggest carefully reviewing product details and customer reviews before purchasing.
The document summarizes a research study that examined Malaysian consumers' shopping behaviors and factors influencing repurchase intentions. The study developed a framework to analyze the relationships between product attributes, demographics, interpersonal influence, and repurchase intentions. A survey of 500 Malaysian consumers found that: 1) Purchase importance and influencing factors varied for high vs low involvement products. 2) Quality, price, brand, and information strongly predicted repurchase intentions for high involvement products, while price and brand were most important for low involvement products. 3) Interpersonal influences did not significantly impact repurchase intentions regardless of product type. The research contributes to understanding consumer purchase behaviors and can help marketers improve strategies.
Customer Decision Making Style, Based On Bugis –Makassar Culture in Indonesiainventionjournals
This document summarizes a research article about customer decision making styles based on the Bugis-Makassar culture in Indonesia. The article explores how cultural characteristics and desires of consumers in Makassar, influenced by the Bugis culture, impact their purchasing decisions. Previous research on consumer decision making has focused on demographic and economic factors or compared decision making across different countries and cultures. However, there is a lack of research specifically examining decision making based on the local Bugis-Makassar culture. The article aims to address this gap by exploring the customer decision making model and factors considered in the purchase process according to the Bugis-Makassar cultural background. Understanding local cultural influences can help marketers better predict customer
1) The document examines how cultural factors like individualism-collectivism and power distance influence adolescents' role in family purchase decisions of computers in Portugal.
2) It analyzes data from surveys of 726 mothers and 726 adolescents about the adolescent's influence on buying a family computer.
3) Results found socio-oriented communication, television influence, and family income predict computer purchases, and perceptions between mothers and adolescents were generally similar, though some differences also emerged.
This document discusses factors that affect the location choices of street vendors in Science City, Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. It first provides background on the role and importance of street vendors in the Philippines' economy, noting that they make up 72.5% of employment in the informal sector. It then reviews literature on the evolution of markets and consumer behavior, the role of ethnicity, and the roles of government in regulating street vending. The purpose of the study is to provide baseline data on how street vendors choose locations and to help minimize their costs of competition by understanding the key determinants of their location decisions.
The study aims to measure the customers’
expectation levels of service quality in the food retail sector
against their perceptions levels of the service quality at
Nakumatt hypermarkets and to determine the gap
between customers’ expectations and their perceptions of
the service quality.
A descriptive research design was adopted to carry out
the research. Using a SERVQUAL survey instrument
based on the Dabholkar RSQS model this study was
conducted with customers from Nakumatt stores in
Nairobi Kenya. . Through a self reported questionnaire,
150 respondents were approached using a convenience
sampling method from the store locations.
Key findings include confirmation that customers have
higher expectations for service quality in retail
supermarkets than is anticipated. Gap 5, which is a gap
between customers’ Expected Service and customers’
Perceive This study does not differentiate applicability of
the RSQS in the different formats of the retail store.
Future research should examine the impact of the different
retail formats in using the scale for measuring retail
service quality. Also the customers were a little reluctant
in revealing the information because of the lengthiness of
the questionnaire.
This is one of the few studies which attempted to
investigate customers’ expectations of service quality in
retail supermarket in Kenya. d Service, was identified.
1. The study examines Malaysian consumers' shopping behavior and factors influencing repurchase intentions for selected consumer goods.
2. A survey was conducted of 1000 consumers, of which 500 responses were analyzed. The study developed a framework relating product attributes, demographics, interpersonal influence to repurchase intentions.
3. Regression analysis found that for high involvement products, quality, brand name, informational influence, and product information significantly predicted repurchase intentions, while for low involvement products, price and brand name were significant predictors. Interpersonal influence did not significantly affect repurchase intentions for either product type.
This document summarizes a study on the consumer buying behavior of online shoppers in the Philippines. It found that the majority of online shoppers are female, between 21-30 years old, and students. Clothing and apparel were the most regularly purchased items. Most respondents spent less than 1,000 PHP and used cash on delivery. Convenience was the main motivating factor for online shopping. Misleading product information was the most common problem encountered. The researchers suggest carefully reviewing product details and customer reviews before purchasing.
The document summarizes a research study that examined Malaysian consumers' shopping behaviors and factors influencing repurchase intentions. The study developed a framework to analyze the relationships between product attributes, demographics, interpersonal influence, and repurchase intentions. A survey of 500 Malaysian consumers found that: 1) Purchase importance and influencing factors varied for high vs low involvement products. 2) Quality, price, brand, and information strongly predicted repurchase intentions for high involvement products, while price and brand were most important for low involvement products. 3) Interpersonal influences did not significantly impact repurchase intentions regardless of product type. The research contributes to understanding consumer purchase behaviors and can help marketers improve strategies.
Customer Decision Making Style, Based On Bugis –Makassar Culture in Indonesiainventionjournals
This document summarizes a research article about customer decision making styles based on the Bugis-Makassar culture in Indonesia. The article explores how cultural characteristics and desires of consumers in Makassar, influenced by the Bugis culture, impact their purchasing decisions. Previous research on consumer decision making has focused on demographic and economic factors or compared decision making across different countries and cultures. However, there is a lack of research specifically examining decision making based on the local Bugis-Makassar culture. The article aims to address this gap by exploring the customer decision making model and factors considered in the purchase process according to the Bugis-Makassar cultural background. Understanding local cultural influences can help marketers better predict customer
Consumers' attitudes towards look alike packaging in bangladesh- a study on e...Sabakun Shetu
This document summarizes a study on consumers' attitudes towards similar packaging of two biscuit brands in Bangladesh: Energy Plus biscuits and Mr. Energy biscuits. The study found that the packaging design of the two brands is very similar, using the same colors which confuses consumers and sometimes causes them to purchase the wrong brand accidentally. Through a survey of 127 consumers, the study found that 50% of respondents said similar packaging design was the most persuasive factor in accidentally purchasing the copy brand. The document concludes that manufacturers should better differentiate their packaging to avoid confusing consumers and losing sales to copy brands.
This chapter reviews literature and studies related to consumer purchasing habits and decision-making processes. It discusses several theories that help explain consumer behavior, including reinforcement theory and diffusion of innovation theory. Previous related studies examined factors like brand, price, quality, and promotion that influence purchasing decisions. However, no study specifically investigated the purchasing habits of coffee drinkers in terms of frequency, brand switching, and purchase volume. This study aims to address that gap.
This document summarizes a book review of "Food and Beverage Management" by Bernard D., Andrew L., Peter A. Ioannis S. In 3 sentences:
The book provides comprehensive coverage of managing food and beverage operations across different sectors. It discusses topics such as operations management, marketing, control systems, staffing, and trends in the industry. The reviewer finds the book to be a valuable resource for professionals, academics and students due to its clear presentation of concepts and inclusion of tools to apply knowledge.
The document presents a research study on the impact of environmental factors on customer purchasing behavior in high-end shopping malls in Karachi, Pakistan. It includes an introduction, literature review, research methodology covering sampling of 200 customers from 4 malls and data collection through questionnaires, data analysis and findings. Key findings were that customers were satisfied with shopping mall environments, and that music, fragrance, food courts and other facilities had significant impacts on their shopping behaviors and decisions to revisit malls. Future research avenues on the effects of lighting, temperature and product colors were proposed.
This literature review discusses several past studies on consumer perceptions and behaviors related to retail stores. One study compares consumers' perceptions of superstores versus family-run stores in Bangkok, finding consumers preferred the lower prices, variety and environment of superstores but also wanted restrictions on their expansion. Another examines customers' satisfaction with various marketing factors of the retail chain Big Bazaar in India. A third discusses psychological factors like motivation, perception, learning and beliefs that influence consumers' buying choices.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Journal will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to
This document summarizes a study on the impact of packaging factors on consumer behavior for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) in Hyderabad, India. The study examined how product-related packaging factors like product safety, eco-friendly packaging, and quality packaging influence consumer purchasing behavior. An online survey of 825 respondents was conducted and analyzed using statistical methods. The results showed that packaging factors have a statistically significant impact on consumer elements and purchasing behavior. Specifically, education level and income were found to have a strong correlation with packaging factors, and product safety, eco-friendly, and quality packaging had a strong relationship with consumer purchasing behavior.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document summarizes a research study that examined how limited edition products, consumer culture, and perceived product value influence purchase intention of Magnum Filter's limited edition cigarettes in Indonesia. The study involved a survey of 100 cigarette consumers in Bandung, Indonesia. The results of the study found:
1) Limited edition product packaging and consumer culture significantly influence perceived product value.
2) Limited edition product packaging and perceived product value significantly influence purchase intention, but consumer culture does not significantly influence purchase intention.
3) Perceived product value significantly influences purchase intention.
The study provides insights into factors that drive the success of limited edition products in the tobacco industry in Indonesia.
The strong brand equity value has turned into an exceptionally critical element that influences customers' behaviour of a brand. Success brand management climbs from understanding and overseeing brand equity fittingly to create the characteristics that will impact customers' behaviour when settling on their decisions. The study makes use of primary and secondary data relating to consumers’ behaviour and brand equity. Data collected from 100 customers from two major cities in odisha. Convenient sampling method is adopted for the selection of samples. This paper stresses on the examination of the effect of purchaser behaviour and brand equity dimensions on purchase of durable products. Spearman's Correlation Coefficient is used for analysis and interpretation in order to study the difference among the purchase value of durable goods, consumer’s buying behaviour of durable goods, brand awareness, brand image, perceived quality, brand association and brand loyalty.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of informational package elements on university students' purchase decisions of breakfast cereal products in Masvingo, Zimbabwe. The study found that the brand name, nutritional information about energy and sugar content, and instructions for use were critical determinants of students' purchase decisions. The implications are that marketers should strategically manage these informational elements, as they directly influence consumer interest and shape purchase behavior. A descriptive research design was used, collecting data through questionnaires from a random sample of 100 university students about the influence of brand elements, nutritional information, and food label information on their cereal purchases.
This document summarizes a research study on the promotional practices of leading fast-food chains in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The study aimed to identify the promotional mix and industry practices of 6 fast-food chains in NE Pacific Mall. Descriptive research methods were used, including questionnaires distributed to 100 customers and 6 managers. Key findings included that the fast-food chains primarily used television advertising and employed similar promotional strategies. Customer profiles showed the majority were female, single, and college-educated. The study provided recommendations to address promotional problems faced by fast-food managers.
This document discusses the impact of branding, advertising, pricing, and quality on consumer buying behavior in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. It reviews literature that has found advertising and branding positively influence consumer purchasing decisions and attract people to branded products. The objectives are to analyze how branding and advertising strategies influence consumer buying behavior in FMCG and to study the relationship between pricing, quality, and consumer behavior.
The Role of Attitude as Relationship Mediation between Products Knowledge an...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Prediction of Consumer Purchase Decision using Demographic Variables: A Study...IOSR Journals
The demographic environment is of major interest to marketers because it involves people and people make up market. Fragmentation of the mass market into numerous micro markets differentiated by age, sex, education, life style, geography and so on. Because each group has strong preferences and consumer characteristics that can be easily reached through increasingly targeted communication and distribution channels. Most of marketers’ strategic decision making heavily depend on the demographic variables of people in the region where they focus on marketing their products. This study makes known the vital demographic structure of premium car owners in Chennai city and provides models for predicting the consumer’s decision to buy a car when his exact demographic profile is known. The relationship established between the demographic variables and the different stages of consumer’s purchase decision process further helps identifying the significant demographic variables. This will be definitely helpful to the marketers of cars to know their target group and to evolve marketing strategies to make them becoming a car owner.
This study determines the first recall versus choice behaviour of various consumers possessing different demographic traits for FMCG product namely toothpaste. As per the results, females, unmarried people, low aged group, less educated group and housewives should be the targeted group of companies as these are the consumers in which the habit of first recall versus choice is more found. Thus marketing managers are required to concentrate on creating loyalty among this segment of consumers.
The study titled, “A Study On Brand Perception In Electronics Industry” focuses on the level of awareness and perception customers have about for a brand. For the purpose of the study, an electronics company „s customers were surveyed for a period of two months. The tools used for analysis are frequencies test, mean analysis, independent sample T – Test and ANOVA. At the end of the study, it was found that factors such as quality, warranty, brand image influenced customer‟s perception of the brand. Some findings about the customer demographics were also found
The document discusses how branding influences consumer purchasing behavior. It defines a brand as a name, design, or feature that identifies a seller's product. It also outlines the key elements of brands, the stages of the consumer buying process, and how advertising and income levels affect consumer preferences for branded versus non-branded products. Data is presented showing sales increases for various electronics brands, and how consumer needs and budgets influence their selection of branded versus normal products.
The changing perception and buying behaviour of women consumer in Urban IndiaIOSR Journals
The working women segment has significantly influenced the modern marketing concept. The objective of this paper is to identify the changing perception and comparison of buying behaviour for working and non-working women in Urban India. It suggests that women due to their multiple roles influence their own and of their family members’ buying behaviour. The study also reveals that working women are price, quality and brand conscious and highly influenced by the others in shopping.
Consumers Buying Trend on No Plastic Bags Campaign at Shopping Mall In Malacc...inventionjournals
A questionnaire of consumers buying trends on no plastic bags campaign at shopping mall in Malacca City (Aeon Mall, Tesco stores and Giant Food Stores) has been used to examine the consumers buying trends and evaluate customers behaviors on this campaign. The results of this study used to improve performance of the related industries and marketers. The study gathers a questionnaire survey from 215 customers and employs a semi-structured interview with the relevant stakeholders. A descriptive statistical analysis as well as correlations analysis has been performed using SPSS version 22. The analysis includes an investigation into how much the consumer’s perception on this campaign. The study assumes its own criteria in deciding effectiveness of the campaign. If the person who take plastic bags and pay the levy is 75% or more, then the program can be considered as effective. If the percentage is 50% or only slightly more than 50%, we considered the tax was not very effective. If it is below 50%, the tax is not efficient. Limitations of study observe that can only during a purchase transaction. In this analysis, we did not get to capture motives of consumers in their participations in the program of, "No Plastic Bag". However, the selection of the method of observation reflects actual behavior of consumers in making purchases and thus actual decision involving the use of plastic bags can be directly observed. The study has its limitations. As the method of obtaining data is through observation and survey, some variables represent actual behavior of consumers while some others are information recorded based on observation.
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior related to toothpaste brands in Bangalore, India. It begins with an abstract describing the importance of understanding consumer behavior for business success. It then reviews literature on various factors that influence consumer decisions, including demographics, product attributes, quality, packaging, promotions, and brand awareness. The research methodology section describes how the study used a descriptive design and simple random sampling to collect primary data via questionnaires from 200 consumers in Bangalore. The results found that 80% of respondents use toothpaste, with 60% brushing once per day. Half of respondents purchase toothpaste twice per month.
Consumers' attitudes towards look alike packaging in bangladesh- a study on e...Sabakun Shetu
This document summarizes a study on consumers' attitudes towards similar packaging of two biscuit brands in Bangladesh: Energy Plus biscuits and Mr. Energy biscuits. The study found that the packaging design of the two brands is very similar, using the same colors which confuses consumers and sometimes causes them to purchase the wrong brand accidentally. Through a survey of 127 consumers, the study found that 50% of respondents said similar packaging design was the most persuasive factor in accidentally purchasing the copy brand. The document concludes that manufacturers should better differentiate their packaging to avoid confusing consumers and losing sales to copy brands.
This chapter reviews literature and studies related to consumer purchasing habits and decision-making processes. It discusses several theories that help explain consumer behavior, including reinforcement theory and diffusion of innovation theory. Previous related studies examined factors like brand, price, quality, and promotion that influence purchasing decisions. However, no study specifically investigated the purchasing habits of coffee drinkers in terms of frequency, brand switching, and purchase volume. This study aims to address that gap.
This document summarizes a book review of "Food and Beverage Management" by Bernard D., Andrew L., Peter A. Ioannis S. In 3 sentences:
The book provides comprehensive coverage of managing food and beverage operations across different sectors. It discusses topics such as operations management, marketing, control systems, staffing, and trends in the industry. The reviewer finds the book to be a valuable resource for professionals, academics and students due to its clear presentation of concepts and inclusion of tools to apply knowledge.
The document presents a research study on the impact of environmental factors on customer purchasing behavior in high-end shopping malls in Karachi, Pakistan. It includes an introduction, literature review, research methodology covering sampling of 200 customers from 4 malls and data collection through questionnaires, data analysis and findings. Key findings were that customers were satisfied with shopping mall environments, and that music, fragrance, food courts and other facilities had significant impacts on their shopping behaviors and decisions to revisit malls. Future research avenues on the effects of lighting, temperature and product colors were proposed.
This literature review discusses several past studies on consumer perceptions and behaviors related to retail stores. One study compares consumers' perceptions of superstores versus family-run stores in Bangkok, finding consumers preferred the lower prices, variety and environment of superstores but also wanted restrictions on their expansion. Another examines customers' satisfaction with various marketing factors of the retail chain Big Bazaar in India. A third discusses psychological factors like motivation, perception, learning and beliefs that influence consumers' buying choices.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The Journal will bring together leading researchers, engineers and scientists in the domain of interest from around the world. Topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to
This document summarizes a study on the impact of packaging factors on consumer behavior for fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) in Hyderabad, India. The study examined how product-related packaging factors like product safety, eco-friendly packaging, and quality packaging influence consumer purchasing behavior. An online survey of 825 respondents was conducted and analyzed using statistical methods. The results showed that packaging factors have a statistically significant impact on consumer elements and purchasing behavior. Specifically, education level and income were found to have a strong correlation with packaging factors, and product safety, eco-friendly, and quality packaging had a strong relationship with consumer purchasing behavior.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
This document summarizes a research study that examined how limited edition products, consumer culture, and perceived product value influence purchase intention of Magnum Filter's limited edition cigarettes in Indonesia. The study involved a survey of 100 cigarette consumers in Bandung, Indonesia. The results of the study found:
1) Limited edition product packaging and consumer culture significantly influence perceived product value.
2) Limited edition product packaging and perceived product value significantly influence purchase intention, but consumer culture does not significantly influence purchase intention.
3) Perceived product value significantly influences purchase intention.
The study provides insights into factors that drive the success of limited edition products in the tobacco industry in Indonesia.
The strong brand equity value has turned into an exceptionally critical element that influences customers' behaviour of a brand. Success brand management climbs from understanding and overseeing brand equity fittingly to create the characteristics that will impact customers' behaviour when settling on their decisions. The study makes use of primary and secondary data relating to consumers’ behaviour and brand equity. Data collected from 100 customers from two major cities in odisha. Convenient sampling method is adopted for the selection of samples. This paper stresses on the examination of the effect of purchaser behaviour and brand equity dimensions on purchase of durable products. Spearman's Correlation Coefficient is used for analysis and interpretation in order to study the difference among the purchase value of durable goods, consumer’s buying behaviour of durable goods, brand awareness, brand image, perceived quality, brand association and brand loyalty.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the impact of informational package elements on university students' purchase decisions of breakfast cereal products in Masvingo, Zimbabwe. The study found that the brand name, nutritional information about energy and sugar content, and instructions for use were critical determinants of students' purchase decisions. The implications are that marketers should strategically manage these informational elements, as they directly influence consumer interest and shape purchase behavior. A descriptive research design was used, collecting data through questionnaires from a random sample of 100 university students about the influence of brand elements, nutritional information, and food label information on their cereal purchases.
This document summarizes a research study on the promotional practices of leading fast-food chains in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The study aimed to identify the promotional mix and industry practices of 6 fast-food chains in NE Pacific Mall. Descriptive research methods were used, including questionnaires distributed to 100 customers and 6 managers. Key findings included that the fast-food chains primarily used television advertising and employed similar promotional strategies. Customer profiles showed the majority were female, single, and college-educated. The study provided recommendations to address promotional problems faced by fast-food managers.
This document discusses the impact of branding, advertising, pricing, and quality on consumer buying behavior in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector. It reviews literature that has found advertising and branding positively influence consumer purchasing decisions and attract people to branded products. The objectives are to analyze how branding and advertising strategies influence consumer buying behavior in FMCG and to study the relationship between pricing, quality, and consumer behavior.
The Role of Attitude as Relationship Mediation between Products Knowledge an...inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Prediction of Consumer Purchase Decision using Demographic Variables: A Study...IOSR Journals
The demographic environment is of major interest to marketers because it involves people and people make up market. Fragmentation of the mass market into numerous micro markets differentiated by age, sex, education, life style, geography and so on. Because each group has strong preferences and consumer characteristics that can be easily reached through increasingly targeted communication and distribution channels. Most of marketers’ strategic decision making heavily depend on the demographic variables of people in the region where they focus on marketing their products. This study makes known the vital demographic structure of premium car owners in Chennai city and provides models for predicting the consumer’s decision to buy a car when his exact demographic profile is known. The relationship established between the demographic variables and the different stages of consumer’s purchase decision process further helps identifying the significant demographic variables. This will be definitely helpful to the marketers of cars to know their target group and to evolve marketing strategies to make them becoming a car owner.
This study determines the first recall versus choice behaviour of various consumers possessing different demographic traits for FMCG product namely toothpaste. As per the results, females, unmarried people, low aged group, less educated group and housewives should be the targeted group of companies as these are the consumers in which the habit of first recall versus choice is more found. Thus marketing managers are required to concentrate on creating loyalty among this segment of consumers.
The study titled, “A Study On Brand Perception In Electronics Industry” focuses on the level of awareness and perception customers have about for a brand. For the purpose of the study, an electronics company „s customers were surveyed for a period of two months. The tools used for analysis are frequencies test, mean analysis, independent sample T – Test and ANOVA. At the end of the study, it was found that factors such as quality, warranty, brand image influenced customer‟s perception of the brand. Some findings about the customer demographics were also found
The document discusses how branding influences consumer purchasing behavior. It defines a brand as a name, design, or feature that identifies a seller's product. It also outlines the key elements of brands, the stages of the consumer buying process, and how advertising and income levels affect consumer preferences for branded versus non-branded products. Data is presented showing sales increases for various electronics brands, and how consumer needs and budgets influence their selection of branded versus normal products.
The changing perception and buying behaviour of women consumer in Urban IndiaIOSR Journals
The working women segment has significantly influenced the modern marketing concept. The objective of this paper is to identify the changing perception and comparison of buying behaviour for working and non-working women in Urban India. It suggests that women due to their multiple roles influence their own and of their family members’ buying behaviour. The study also reveals that working women are price, quality and brand conscious and highly influenced by the others in shopping.
Consumers Buying Trend on No Plastic Bags Campaign at Shopping Mall In Malacc...inventionjournals
A questionnaire of consumers buying trends on no plastic bags campaign at shopping mall in Malacca City (Aeon Mall, Tesco stores and Giant Food Stores) has been used to examine the consumers buying trends and evaluate customers behaviors on this campaign. The results of this study used to improve performance of the related industries and marketers. The study gathers a questionnaire survey from 215 customers and employs a semi-structured interview with the relevant stakeholders. A descriptive statistical analysis as well as correlations analysis has been performed using SPSS version 22. The analysis includes an investigation into how much the consumer’s perception on this campaign. The study assumes its own criteria in deciding effectiveness of the campaign. If the person who take plastic bags and pay the levy is 75% or more, then the program can be considered as effective. If the percentage is 50% or only slightly more than 50%, we considered the tax was not very effective. If it is below 50%, the tax is not efficient. Limitations of study observe that can only during a purchase transaction. In this analysis, we did not get to capture motives of consumers in their participations in the program of, "No Plastic Bag". However, the selection of the method of observation reflects actual behavior of consumers in making purchases and thus actual decision involving the use of plastic bags can be directly observed. The study has its limitations. As the method of obtaining data is through observation and survey, some variables represent actual behavior of consumers while some others are information recorded based on observation.
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior related to toothpaste brands in Bangalore, India. It begins with an abstract describing the importance of understanding consumer behavior for business success. It then reviews literature on various factors that influence consumer decisions, including demographics, product attributes, quality, packaging, promotions, and brand awareness. The research methodology section describes how the study used a descriptive design and simple random sampling to collect primary data via questionnaires from 200 consumers in Bangalore. The results found that 80% of respondents use toothpaste, with 60% brushing once per day. Half of respondents purchase toothpaste twice per month.
Impact of Consumer innovativeness on shopping styles; A Case of Pakistaninventionjournals
ABSTRACT: Purpose: The main objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of consumer innovativeness on shopping styles in Pakistan. It is written with an aim to explore the relations among consumer innovativeness and shopping styles. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Survey method was used to generate the Reponses and sample of our study consists of 300 useful responses of respondents which were generated through questionnaire and Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied by using Statistica 7 to examine the relation among cognitive and sensory innovativeness and six different shopping patterns. FINDINGS: We find that Consumers along with cognitive innovativeness have quality consciousness, price consciousness and confused by over choice when they make decisions. Consumers with sensory innovativeness have brand consciousness, fashion consciousness and habitual orientation towards decision making. It means that cognitive and sensory innovativeness can lead to diverse shopping patterns. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS: In our study we use convenience sampling technique to generate responses. So sample of 300 respondents generates exact results but these results cannot be applied on the whole population of Pakistan having different age groups. So major limitation of our research paper is generality of results MANAGERIAL IMPLICATION: The findings of our research paper enable manager to get the idea how customer are different in their shopping styles. Marketers can develop complete understanding about customer’s innovativeness and shopping styles so that they can launch successful marketing strategies for development of new products and make successful existing products.
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Importance of Food Packaging and Its Relation to the Consumer's Demographic Profile
1. International Journal of Business and Management Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 8028, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 801X
www.ijbmi.org || Volume 4 Issue 1 || January. 2015 || PP.08-11
www.ijbmi.org 8 | Page
Importance of Food Packaging and Its Relation to the
Consumer’s Demographic Profile
Omid Minooei1
, S. Mokshapathy2
, Mina Zare3
, Mehrab Zarei4
1
Research Scholar, MBA (Agribusiness Management), Institute of Development Studies, University of Mysore,
Mysore
2
Assistant Professor in MBA (Agri-Business Management), Institute of Development Studies, University of
Mysore, Mysore
3
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Mysore
4
Research Scholar, Department of Studies in Commerce, University of Mysore, Mysore
ABSTRACT : The purpose of this work is to explore the association between the importance of food
packaging and its relation to the consumer demographic profile.The study utilized a sample of sixty consumers
through using a structured, reliable questionnaire, in Mysore city Karnataka, India.The following outcomes
were found through statistical analysis: Income as a demographic factor has a substantial association with
important elements of packaging food products.But gender, age and education had no important relation.
KEYWORDS: Food Packaging, Demographic Profile, Consumer Behavior.
I. INTRODUCTION
Packaging today has grown in importance and is seen as a critical marketing tool. Better packaging
results in the protection and saved transportation of products, reduces loss, damage and wastage of products and
produce. It enhances product value and hence expands markets within and outside the country (Jakhar, 2004).
Nowadays; several companies have taken packaging in a positive light. Furthermore, with the increased number
of new products available, it is necessary to be ever vigilant regarding the strong promotional values which may
be obtained from food packaging. Nowadays, in a competitive environment the role of the packaging has
changed due to increasing self-service and changing consumers’ lifestyle (Deliya & Parmar, 2012). Firms’
interest in packaging as a tool of sales promotion is growing more and more. The package becomes an ultimate
selling proposition stimulating impulsive buying behavior, increasing market share and reducing promotional
costs.
According to Rundh (2005) packaging attracts consumer’s attention to particular brands, enhances its
image, and influences consumer’s perceptions about the product. Thus the package performs an important role
in marketing communications and could be treated as one of the most important factors influencing consumer’s
purchase decision. For last decades rate of literature has increased and on the other hand, inthe competitive
oligopoly market, companies have to consider ultimate packaging as a promotional activity due to better
marketing and convinced the curious educated customer which they seek the better packaging and more feature
as well.Consumer behavior “is the study of the processes involved when individuals or groups select, purchase,
use, or dispose or products, services, ideas, or experiences to satisfy needs and desires” (Solomon, 1996).
Consumer behavior is influenced by an individual’s physical and social environment, the individual’s
motivation to consume, his or her perception of the product, brand, service, or company, and the goals or needs
that he or she may obtain through consumption. People are may purchase as a result of their mood and their
surroundings (Vani & Babu, 2011).
II. LITERATUREREVIEW
This section provides general literature on role of packaging in consumers’ buying behavior. The basic
purpose is to find out how such factors are behind the success of the packaging.One of the most important parts
of the marketing plan is packaging, and it plays a key role on marketing products and services. A good
packaging would be more effectivefor customers and increases people's intention in purchasing products. These
literatures prepared through needs and wants of educated people and the way of makinga decision to purchase
their own requested food products to gain maximum satisfaction. Bloom (1976) worked on the effect of
education on consumer behavior. He explained the recent upsurge of interest in consumer education can be
expected to lead, in the long-run, to significant changes in consumer behavior.
This paper contains a brief description of existing consumer education programs and a discussion of
several hypotheses about how programs of this type could affect consumer behavior. Vani et al., (2011) studied
2. Importance Of Food Packaging And Its Relation…
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on the impact of the demographic profile of toothpaste buying behavior in Bangalore city.The researchers
selected 485 respondents from Bangalore city, the descriptive research design was adopted in this study.
Regression test was used to determine the association between toothpaste buying behavior and demographic
components.The outcome indicated that age, gender, educational qualification, marital status, number of years
married, age group of youngsters, household type, and family size influencing the consumer for buying
toothpaste. Bakshi (2011) worked on the impact of gender on consumer purchase behavior. It explained Men
and women due to their different upbringing and socialization along with various other social, biological and
psychological factors depict different types of behavior at various situations. Whether it is decision making in
personal life or professional life, whether it is about shopping or eating, both the genders are completely
different at every stage of decision making. Right from need recognition through the evaluation of alternatives
to the post purchase behavior, men and women work differently with different types of stimuli and different
parameters of evaluations. Women seem to have satisfaction and find pleasure while they shop, whereas men
appear to be more disdain towards shopping. In this paper an attempt is made to study these differences at
various levels of purchase decision.
Zhifenggao et al., (2011) researched on consumer preferences for fresh citrus: impacts of demographic
and behavioral characteristics. They demonstrate that freshness, flavor and appearance are the most important
attributes of fresh citrus. Heterogeneous preferences exist among consumers and both demographic and
behavioral variables have significant impacts on preferences. Results indicate there are no dominant best
predictors of consumer preferences. However, it appears there is potential to develop specific marketing
strategies based on demographics. Aziz & Nas (2013) worked on demographic segmentation and its effects on
customer satisfaction. Segmentation by demographic factors is widely used in marketing, despite the fact that
the correlation of such factors with the needs of customers is sometimes weak. Segmentation by expected
benefits and attitudes could enhance ability to address the conflict between individual service and cost-saving
standardization. Using cluster analysis segments was formed based on combinations of customer ratings for
different attitudinal dimensions and benefits of products/services. The clusters generated in this way were
superior in their homogeneity and profile to customer segments gained by only referring to demographic
differences. Alooma1 & Lawan (2013) studied on consumer demographic variables influencing clothes buying
behavior in Borno state, Nigeria. Data for the study were gathered through structured questionnaire administered
on a sample of 192 clothes buyers, out of which, 174 were duly filled and returned. The data obtained were
analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square. Frequency results revealed that consumers' clothes need
recognition was mainly based on basic wardrobe requirement (34.5%) and society (friends, family, neighbors)
served as the main information window to most clothes consumers (44.8%). Quality was the main clothes
evaluation (choice) criteria (60.3%) and most consumers (66.1%) patronized native clothes. Onthe contrast
influence of gender and marital status was invariably not significant on consumer buying behavior. The study
recommended for marketing managers to adopt a market segmentation strategy and segment their clothes
markets on the basis of demographic variables since they were all found to have the greatest degree of
influences on clothes buying decisions.
Mazloumi et al., (2013) examined the effect of demographic differences on purchasing behavior of
Tetra Pak consumers. The study sample of 384 has been selected random clusters sampling based on geographic
areas. Sample members have responded to the questionnaire made by the researcher. The validity of above tool
was confirmed by experts and researchers and its reliability was measured in the pilot study, then Cronbach's
alpha of 0.81 was obtained. Current research uses a survey methodology, the descriptive-type and applied-
purpose.Finally, confirming the hypotheses showed that the demographic differences effects on their purchasing
behavior.
III. IMPORTANCE OF STUDY
For last decade packaging has vast changes in terms of marketing and nowadays converted to one of
the most significant factors in the marketing mix.By enacting the FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and the
entrance of MNC’s (Multi-National Companies) in India, packaging has brought a very special importance.
Whereby many brands with the same particular products are usable in the market so decision making has got
difficult. The reason ofselecting Mysore city in this study was that by invading the MNC’s into the market,
meanwhileemploying the most educated young people less than 24 years old, totally life style has changed. This
paper attempts to ascertain out whether there is a significant association between Advantages of packaging and
demographic profile of consumers or not.
3. Importance Of Food Packaging And Its Relation…
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IV. RESEARCH METHOD
In this study a quantitative survey was conducted in order to get experimentally measured and find out
the relationship between variables. The survey has done through promoting questionnaire based on perishable
groups (PMA) in 2011, comprised of two parts. The first parthas contained demographic information of the
respondent. The second part includes packaging characteristics and featureson consumer behavior and it has
rated from extremely important to not at all important. Selected sample was sixty consumers consist of 53%
women and 47% men, in Mysore city, India. The questionnaires in different days and hours in the range of two
weeks were distributed to arrive the most accuracy and involved of the more different range population of
consumers.
Hypothesis: There is no significant association between demographic profile and advantages of packaging in
food products.
V. RESULTS
Table 1: Association between Advantages of Packaging and income
Advantages
Income
Total
10000> 10000-20000 20000-30000 30000<
Preserve freshness and taste 0 6 4 6 16
Protect against damage 0 4 4 7 15
Store easily 0 2 1 8 11
Is re-saleable 2 2 0 0 4
Variety of sizes 0 0 0 3 3
Small quantity 4 2 0 4 10
Total 6 16 9 28 59
Test Statistics Cramer’s V = 33. 02; p = 0. 005
Figure 1: Association between Advantages of Packaging and income
As it turns out, by the Table 1 and figure 1, there is a significant association between income and advantages of
packaging, those respondents which earn more than 30000 rupees monthly cares about all features of
packaging.The diversity of sizes was important for those consumers who earn more than 30000 rupees monthly.
Table 2: Association between Advantages of Packaging and Gender
Advantages
Gender
Total
Male Female
Preserve freshness and taste 4 12 16
Protect against damage 10 5 15
Store easily 4 7 11
Is re-saleable 3 1 4
Variety of sizes 1 2 3
Small quantity 5 5 10
Total 27 32 59
Test Statistics Cramer’s V = 7.44 ; p = 0.18
P>0.05
4. Importance Of Food Packaging And Its Relation…
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Table 3: Association between Advantages of Packaging and Age
Advantages
Age
Total
20> 20-30 31-40 40-50
Preserve freshness and taste 1 12 3 0 16
Protect against damage 1 10 3 1 15
Store easily 0 9 2 0 11
Is re-saleable 0 2 2 0 4
Variety of sizes 0 1 2 0 3
Small quantity 1 6 3 0 10
Total 3 40 15 1 59
Test Statistics Cramer’s V = 0.37; p = 0.85
Table 4: Association between Advantages of Packaging and Education
Advantages
Education
Total
UD D M PhD
Preserve freshness and taste 2 3 11 0 16
Protect against damage 1 6 8 0 15
Store easily 0 6 3 2 11
Is re-saleable 0 0 4 0 4
Variety of sizes 1 0 2 0 3
Small quantity 1 0 8 1 10
Total 5 15 36 3 59
Test Statistics Cramer’s V = 23.45; p = 0.07
As shown in the tables 2, 3 and 4, the significant association has not existed between advantages of packaging
food products and gender, age and education of consumers. It can be concluded that all demographic factors
except of income don’t have an impact on consumer perception in terms of food packaging buy.
VI. DISCUSSION
In market segmentation, demographic profile is a helpful data to analyze the behavior of the customers
and regularity of their visit to the supermarkets. Income as a demographic factor has a significant association
with advantages of packaging food products. But gender, age and education had no important relation. Depend
upon the above result, food production companies it would be better to concentrate their marketing strategy in
terms of packaging on the target market and loyal customer who can afford it the extra price on enhanced
packaging.Targeting these particular segments of society, it could be an end to the brand loyalty as well.
REFERENCES
[1] Paul N. Bloom. (1976). How Will Consumer Education Affect Consumer Behavior. Advances in Consumer Research Volume 3,
1976.
[2] Zhifeng Gao., Lisa O. House., Fred G. Gmitter Jr., M. FilomenaValim., Anne Plotto., andElizabeth A. Baldwin. (2011). Consumer
Preferences for Fresh Citrus: Impacts of Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics. International Food and Agribusiness
Management Review.
[3] Vani G., Ganesh Babu M., Panchanatham N. (2011). Impact of demographic profile on toothpaste buying behavior in Bangalore
city. Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review.
[4] SwarnaBakshi. (2011). Impact of gender on consumer purchase behavior. A national monthly refereed journal of research in
commerce and management.
[5] SamerAziz ., ZekeriyaNas. (2013). Demographic Segmentation and Its Effects on Customer Satisfaction. International Journal of
Contemporary Business Studies.
[6] Alooma A. G., Lawan A. (2013). Effects of Consumer Demographic Variables on Clothes Buying Behavior in Borno State, Nigeria.
International journal of basic and applied science.
[7] Saeed Mazloumi.,AkoEfteghar.,Abbas Ghalandari.,BabakSaifi., IrajAghandeh. (2013). Evaluating the effect of demographic
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Basic Sciences.