1. Submitted By,
MITHUN P C
S7 EEE
ROLL No.:17
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2.  INTRODUCTION
 BLACKOUT
 CURRENT STATUS
 INFLUENCES
 CHALLENGES
 EMERGING SOLUTIONS
 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS & OPPORTUNITIES
 PROACTIVE CONCLUSION
 CONCLUSION
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3. = To Act Now in Anticipation of Future Problems
Modern Power Grid is one of the most complex
engineering in existence.
In each second, millions of components are working.
Grid parameters are instantaneously changing.
The grid management challenge is to ensure that the
operating conditions stays within safe limit.
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4. Definition: A temporary electrical power failure or cut.
 On August 14, 2003 in North America.
 On 30th & 31st July 2012 in India.
 India’s massive blackout is the largest one in the world
history.
 Around 9% of the world’s population was affected.
2012 India Blackout Leaves 600 Million People in the Dark.mp4
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5.  Root causes:
Inadequate system understanding.
Inadequate situational awareness.
Inadequate tree trimming.
Inadequate reliability coordinator report.
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6.  Power Grid Today:
Generation – Transmission – Distribution - Customer Load
 The chain needs to be :
 Reliable
 Secure
 resilient
24/7
Effect of failure of
Transmission system
Effect of failure of
Distribution system <<<
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7.  Grid Management Today
 Developed in 1960s-Digital computers
 Real time management of transmission
system.
 Receives measurement from grid every 2-4s
& presented to grid operator.
 Not accurate.
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10.  Electricity market decisions may be unfamiliar
to the grid operator.
 Renewable & distributed generation resources
are uncontrollable to the grid operator.
 Demand response & customer engagement
programs may cause sudden spikes in demand.
 Power electronic load will have different load
characteristics.
 Aging and retiring of experienced work force.
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11.  Distribution Management System.
 Outage Management System.
 Generation Management System.
 Substation Automation Solutions.
 Demand Response Programs.
 Distributed energy resource Management system.
 Microgrids & Nanogrids.
 Wide Area Monitoring Systems. (using PMU)
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12. HARD TRENDS
• Will certainly
happen.
• Difficult to
influence
SOFT TRENDS
• They can be
influenced.
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13. A. High Performance Computers
Moore’s Law : “Computer processing power doubles every 18 months”
 Processor prices have been declining.
 So large no. of high performance computers are employed at
control centres.
B. Distributed Parallel Processors
-> To speed up the solution process of
 Contingency Analysis
 Dynamic Stability Analysis
-> Can process more scenarios at same time.
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14. C. Synchrophasor Measurement
“Synchronized phasors (synchrophasors) provide a real-time
measurement of electrical quantities from across the power
system.”
 Increasingly deployed worldwide.
 Captures upto 60 values at each second with precise time
tag.
 Replaces traditional way of measuring values every 2-4s.
[SCADA: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition]
 Similar to High Definition Microscopic picture.
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15. D. Synchrophasor Analytics
 New class of grid analytics for control room.
 Today transmission control centres deploys PMU.
 Identifies :
 Poorly damped oscillations.
 Disturbance locations.
 Islanding conditions.
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16. E. Smart Meters
 Sends energy usage to the
supplier wirelessly.
 Enable two-way
communication between the
meter and the central system.
 Can gather data for remote
reporting.
 More accurate bills.
 Better understanding of
energy usage.
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17. F. Advanced Protection & Control Relays.
 Modern digital relays are used.
 More reliable grid operation.
 GPS can be attached & provides synchronised substation
measurements.
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18. G. Advanced Visualization Platforms
 Displayed on geographical map of the region.
 Provides more comprehensive view of grid conditions.
 Provides for better situational awareness & actionable
information.
H. Modern Fast-Acting Grid Controls
 Thyristor-based grid controllers are used.
 Faster in action.ie; responds within millisecond.
 Used in today’s HVDC technology.
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19. H. Cloud Computing
 Multiple users can access a single server.
 It provides greater computational power.
I. Enterprise-wide Dedication communication network
 Reduced cost per bandwidth of information exchange.
 More security in data transfer.
J. Energy Storage
 Important due to Electric Vehicle, renewable energy plant etc.
 Li-ion battery technology is promising.
 Research and development is going on.
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21. Symbiotic
integration of
synchrophasor
with fast acting
controllers
Synchrophasor
solutions
Decision
Support System
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22. Decision Support System
 Concept after the 2003 US blackout.
 Augments the traditional EMS.
 It exploits high performance computers and multicore
processing.
 Gives the projection of
future grid conditions.
 The Dispatcher Training
Simulator (DTS) forecasts the
scenarios for next 15-30 min.
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23. Implementation Of Look Ahead Analytics at the Control Center
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24. Overview of a DSS at the Control Center.
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25. Synchrophasor Solutions
A. Baselining Archived Grid Data For Event Signatures.
B. Faster And Improved Monitoring Of Grid Stress.
C. Monitoring Grid Oscillations.
D. Identifies Islanding Situations In Grid.
E. Maximize Asset Utilization.
Symbiotic Integration of Synchrophasors
With Fast Acting Controls
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26. CONCLUSION
 Real-time measurements are received every few
seconds.
 Based on current EMS state and operator
projections integrity of Grid is ensured.
 With advanced technologies, intelligent solutions are
evolved.
 These solutions improves:
• Reliability
• Security
• Resiliency
• Capacity
• Efficiency 1/2/2017Dept. of EEE 26

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