Be Green, be clean. :) There is a video on Slide 13.

1. Green computing
Submitted By:
Abhinav Joshi
MCA
Submitted To :
Mrs. Rajshree

2. What is GREEN COMPUTING
 Green computing, green IT or ICT Sustainability, is the study and practice of
environmentally sustainable computing or IT.
 Includes “designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing” of computers, servers, and
associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and
communications systems — efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the
environment.
 Green Computing is “ Where organizations adopt a policy of ensuring that the setup and
operations of Information Technology produces the minimal carbon footprint” .

3. HISTORY
 In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star.
 It’s a voluntary labeling program that is designed to promote and recognize
energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other
technologies.
 In 2012 alone, American families and businesses have saved $24 billion on
utility bills.
 Prevented greenhouse gas emissions equal to those from 41 million vehicles.

4. WHY GREEN COMPUTING?
 Increasing impacts on Nature.
 toxicity
 Pollution
 Increasing impacts on Human health.
 Savings
 Reliability of Power

6. GOALS OF GREEN COMPUTING
 Reduce the use of hazardous materials in the manufacturing of the systems.
 Maximize energy efficiency during the product’s lifetime, and
 Encourage recyclability and biodegradability of products that have reached end-of-life

7. List of examples of devices containing
these elements
 Lead: solder, CRT monitors (Lead in glass), Lead-acid battery
 Tin: solder
 Copper: copper wire, printed circuit board tracks
 Aluminum: nearly all electronic goods using more than a few watts of power
 Iron: steel chassis, cases & fixings
 Silicon: glass, transistors, ICs, Printed circuit boards
 Lithium: lithium-ion battery
 Zinc: plating for steel parts

8. APPROACHES
 Virtualization
Computer virtualization is the process of running two or more logical computer systems on
one set of physical hardware.
It, provide the utility of not only running multiple virtual environments on the host system,
but also allow creating and configuring the machines as per the requirements.
The concept originated with the IBM mainframe operating systems of the 1960s, but was
commercialized for x86-compatible computers only in the 1990s.

9. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Display
Parameter CRT LCD LED
Environmental
influences
Magnetic fields may
cause distortion or
shimmer,
earth's magnetic
fields may cause
distortion
Low temperatures can cause slow
response, high temperatures can
cause poor contrast
UV exposure can damage,
water can damage organic
materials
Energy
consumption and
heat generation
High Low with CCFL backlight 30-50%
of CRT
Varies with brightness but
usually lower than LCD

10. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Display:- CRT
 17 inch CRT requires around 90 watts

11. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Display:- LCD
 LCD monitors are lightweight, compact, occupy less space.
 Consume low power and are available in a reasonable price.
 The liquid crystals used in the LCD are twisted at 90o with the surface.
 17 inch CRT requires around 45 watts.

12. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Display:- LED
 Basically LED monitors are the LCD monitors with a LED backlight to power up the
LCD panel.
 LED displays consume less power
up to 40% less than LCD
 LED displays do not use mercury
(used in cathode lamps in LCD backlight)
so they are environment friendly.

13. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Storage
In a recent case study, Fusion-io, manufacturer of solid state storage devices,
managed to reduce the energy use and operating costs of Myspace data centers by 80%
while increasing performance speed.

14. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Solid-State Drive(SSD)
 Uses semiconductor chips, not magnetic media, to store data.
 No mechanical parts.
 Uses NAND flash to provide non-volatile, rewritable memory.
 If a chain of transistors conducts current, it has the value of 1. If it doesn't conduct
current, it's 0.
 The following bullets compare SSDs and HDDs on these critical activities:
 Boot-up time (Windows 7): 22 seconds (SSD), 40 seconds (HDD)
 Data read-write speed: 510-550 megabytes per second (SSD), 50-150 megabytes
per second (HDD)
 Excel file open speed: 4 seconds (SSD), 14 seconds (HDD)
 Finally, SSDs consume far less power than traditional hard drives, which means
they preserve battery life and stay cooler.

15. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Material Recycling
It includes both finding another use for materials (such as donation to charity), and
having systems dismantled, in a manner that allows for the safe extraction of the
constituent materials for reuse in other products.
A hefty criticism often lobbed at reuse based recyclers is that people think that they
are recycling their electronic waste, when in reality it is actually being exported to
developing countries like China, India, and Nigeria.

16. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Refurbished Electronics
 It’s the distribution of products that have been returned to a manufacturer or
vendor for various reasons.
 Refurbished products are normally tested for functionality and defects before they
are sold.
 Main difference between "refurbished" and "used" products is that refurbished
products have been tested & verified to function
properly, and are thus free of defects, while
"used" products may or may not be defective.

17. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Telecommunicating
Telecommuting technologies implemented in green computing initiatives have
advantages like
Increased worker satisfaction
reduction of greenhouse gas emissions related to travel
increased profit margins

18. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Green data center
It’s a repository for the storage and management of data in which the mechanical,
lighting, electrical and computer systems are designed for maximum energy efficiency
and minimum environmental impact.
• Minimizing the footprints of the buildings
• The use of low-emission building materials, carpets and paints
• Sustainable landscaping
• Waste recycling
• Installation of catalytic converters on backup generators
• The use of alternative energy technologies such as
photovoltaic, heat pumps, and evaporative cooling
• The use of hybrid or electric company vehicles

19. APPROACHES (contd.)
 Cloud Computing
It means outsourcing your company’s information technology (IT) needs, from data
and storage to software. All the servers and applications sit elsewhere in the
Internet “cloud”.
A recent study from Microsoft showed that, compared to running their own
applications, by outsourcing companies can reduce the energy use and carbon
footprint of computing by up to 90 percent!

20. PATHWAYS TO GREEN COMPUTING
 Green Design And Manufacturing
social, economic, and ecological sustainability.
 A study by Gregg Pitts, director of environmental design at
Microelectronics and Computer Technology, found that direct
PC- manufacturing processes generate
3 pounds of waste for every pound of product.
 IBM estimates that discarded computers will occupy 2 million
tons of US landfill space by 2000.
 The US Energy Information Administration estimated that in
1995, PCs in US offices alone used 250 trillion BTUs of energy.

21. PATHWAYS TO GREEN COMPUTING(contd.)
 Green Use
 Shutdown Your Computer
 Save Paper when Printing
 Turn Off Peripherals to Kill the Vampires
 Use print version for printing.
 Use Power saving modes.

22. GREEN DISPOSAL
 Green Disposal
 Sign up for local hazardous waste collection.
 Dispose of waste in the trash.
 Develop a hazardous waste policy.
 Substitute hazardous materials with non-hazardous materials.

23. GREEN COMPUTING IN INDIA
 As of November 2013, India has 12 systems on the Top500 list ranking 44, 84,
100, 107, 131, 226, 316, 367, 390, 427, 428 and 429.

24. C-DAC developing green tech for PARAM
supercomputer
 Unveiled on 8 February 2013
 Cost of Rs.160 million (US$3 million).
 It performs at a peak of 524 teraflop/s.
 Will consume 35% less energy as compared to the existing facility.
 Pune-based Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC)
is designing and developing a green computing
technology for running a top end high speed PARAM supercomputer

26. REFRENCES
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_computing
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercomputing_in_India
 http://www.thecarbonaccount.com/carbonexplained/
 http://greenworld2010.blogspot.in/2010/05/approaches-to-green-computing.html
 http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/green-data-center
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_CRT,_LCD,_Plasma,_and_OLED
 http://blogs.hbr.org/2011/03/cloud-computing-is-greener/
 http://zerocarboncomputing.blogspot.in/2009/09/green-computing-computing.html
 http://www.eai.in/reaction2012/unique-topics/green-computing/
 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=00708445