A transaction processing system (TPS) collects, stores, modifies, and retrieves transaction data for an enterprise. It divides work into individual transactions that must be completed fully or rolled back if failed. It ensures accuracy, consistency, isolation, and durability of data through each transaction passing the ACID test. TPS provides rapid responses, reliability, and controlled processing of transactions.

4.  A transaction processing system(TPS) is a
type of information system that
collects, stores, modifies and retrieves the
data transaction of an enterprise.

Transaction processing is a style of
computing that divides work into
individual, indivisible operations, called
transactions. A transaction processing system
(TPS) or transaction server is a software
system, or software/hardware combination,

5.  If an electronic payment is made, the amount must be
either both withdrawn from one account and added to
the other, or none at all. In case of a failure preventing
transaction completion, the partially executed
transaction must be ‘rolled back’ by the TPS.

An airline seat reservation system is accessed by
multiple operations, after an empty seat inquiry, the
seat reservation data must be locked until the
reservation is made, otherwise another user may get
the impression a seat is still free while it is actually
being booked at the time. Without proper transaction
monitoring, double booking may occur.

6. RAPID PROCESSING / RESPONSE
RELIABILITY
 INFLEXIBILITY
CONTROLLED PROCESSING

7. Captures, process and store transactions
Produce reports and information about
transaction
Be accurate and timely
Be efficient – require less labor
Increase customer service
Increase competitive advantage

8. Processing inefficiency
Data redundancy(repeat)
Temporal integrity(unit, wholeness)
problems

9. Describes the reliability of the data
Involves the accuracy and relevance of the
data
Requires each transaction to pass an
ACID test

10.  Atomicity – occurs when all steps involved in a
transaction are completed successfully as a group. If
any step fails, then no other step should be completed
 Consistency – occurs when a transaction successfully
transforms the system from one state to another.
 Isolation – occurs if a transaction is processed
concurrently with another and still behaves as if was
the only one. Transactions must not interfere with each
other
 Durability – occurs if all the changes that a
transaction makes to the database become permanent
when the transaction is complete

12.  Transaction processing is distinct from other computer
processing models.
 Batch processing
 Batch processing is execution of a series of programs (jobs)
on a computer without manual intervention. Several
transactions, called a batch are collected and processed at the
same time. The results of each transaction are not
immediately available when the transaction is being
entered, there is a time delay.
 Real-time computing
Real time systems attempt to guarantee an appropriate
response to a stimulus or request quickly enough to affect the
conditions that caused the stimulus. Each transaction in real-
time processing is unique; it is not part of a group of
transactions.

13.  Time-sharing
Time sharing is the sharing of a computer system among multiple
users, usually giving each user the illusion that they have exclusive
control of the system. The users may be working on the same project
or different projects, but there are usually few restrictions on the type
of work each user is doing.

Transaction processing
Transaction processing systems also attempt to provide predictable
response times to requests, although this is not as critical as for real-
time systems. Rather than allowing the user to run arbitrary
programs as time-sharing, transaction processing allows only
predefined, structured transactions. Each transaction is usually short
duration and the processing activity for each transaction is
programmed in advance.

16. if…..
 CHEQUE
 CARD
DEALER
mode of payment and refund
system

20.  Please do not book flight ticket from Air India
 By: rarerahul | Oct 28, 2013 12:56 PM
 Hello Friends,
 I had booked Air india ticket 2 months back. Due to some emergency I had
to cancel the ticket. It’s been around a month post cancellation and I am yet
to get a refund from the airlines.
 I tried to call on their customer care number but nobody is giving me full
details. Nobody is even bother to reply me back on me email.
 I had booked this ticket through ngpaymobile application, now since I have
cancelled the ticket and want the balance amount back, both the parties(
ngpay & AI) are blaming each other. No one is interested in resolving my
query.
 Every time when I call to any of the customer care they say a new thing and
I had to wait for 7 WORKING DAYS.
 i’ve read similar reviews about Air India not refunding the cancelled ticket.
 I suggest you all never use AI or ngpay for any kind of booking.


21. Competition on Route
Seat Demand
Distance of Route
Seat Supply
Fuel Prices

23.  Armed Forces Concession
 Armed Forces Personnel- Recipients of Highest
Bravery Award Concession
 General Reserve Engineering Force Concession
 LTC Concession
 Para Military Forces concession
 Senior Citizen Concession
 Student Concession
 War Disabled Officers concession
 War Widows Concession
 Youth Fare
 For all concessionary fare types, concessions are
given on normal fares. There may be lower restricted
fares available at the time.

24. CONCLUSION