Presentation given at the 6th Regional Conference on Nutrient Reduction in the Black Sea - Danube Basin in Ankara, Turkey. -Overview -Competent Authorities -Current Sıtuatıon Water and Waste Water -Technical Studies on the Water Framework Directive and Other -Directives NERMIN CICEK Environmental Engineer General Diractorate of Environment Managament Water and Soil managament Department

1. Ministry of Environment & Forestry of Turkey
NERMIN CICEK
Environmental Engineer
General Diractorate of Environment Managament
Water and Soil managament Department
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

2. CONTENT
 Overview
 Competent Authorities
 Current Sıtuatıon Water and Waste Water
 Technical Studies on the Water Framework Directive and Other
Directives
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

3. OVERVIEW
 Turkey has a number of governmental institutions
functioning in the field of water management.
 Tasks and responsibilities of these organizations are
described in their respective Establishment Laws.
 The main organizations involved are the Directorate
General of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) with responsibilities
for water quantity and quality monitoring and Ministry of
Environment and Forestry (MoEF) with responsibilities
related to water quality
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

4. OVERVIEW (CONT’D)
 The studies for the 25 river basins defined for the
management and development of water resources
have been carried out the Ministry of Environment and
Forestry in cooperation with other relevant institutions.
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

5. ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

6. Ministry of
Environment and
Forestry
The Directorate
General of State
Hydraulic Works
Ministry of
Agriculture and
Rural Affairs
The Bank of
Provinces
Ministry of
Health
COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

7. COMPETENT AUTHORITIES
The Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF);
 Ensure coordination and cooperation for overall
development and implementation of environmental
policies
 Develop and approve of environmental plans and ensure
implementation
 Ensure establishment of laboratories
 Ensure implementation of the national EIA regulation
 Designate Ramsar sites
 Ensure the coordination of harmonization of the Turkish
Water Legislation with the EU Acquis
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

8. COMPETENT AUTHORITIES (CONT’D)
 Determine the classification of the quality of water resources
 Determine the quality criteria related to water resources
 Issue water discharge permits for installations, monitoring
discharges and wastewater treatment plants
 Approve projects concerning wastewater treatment plants
for industrial installations
 Prepare contingency plans for protection of water resources
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

9. COMPETENT AUTHORITIES (CONT’D)
The Directorate General of State Hydraulic Works (DSI)
 Water management with 25 regional directorates
 Investigation, planning, design, construction and operation for
irrigation domestic water supply, hydroelectric energy and
environment
 Responsible for protection of surface water and groundwater
 Responsible for allocation and registration of groundwater
 Responsible for flood control
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

10. COMPETENT AUTHORITIES (CONT’D)
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(MARA)
 Protecting the resources of water, plants, animals and
fisheries as well as the products therefore
 Control of wastewater discharges in fish production areas
Monitoring of nitrate parameter of parameters in freshwaters
and groundwater
Having 40 Provincial Control Laboratories which measures
quality of inland waters, marine environment and all
wastewaters
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

11. CURRENT SITUATION
The Bank of Provinces (BoP)
Affiliated with the Ministry of Public Works and Settlement as
well as public works relating to drinking water supply and
treatment, sewage systems and urban wastewater treatment
and solid waste disposal for municipalities
The Ministry of Health (MoH)
Plays an important role in certain aspects of environmental
protection through its responsibilities for public health. In the
water sector, it has certain responsibilities for drinking water
quality and bathing water quality and certain responsibilities
for urban wastewater collection and treatmentANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

12. CURRENT SITUATION
Water Resources In Turkey
• Turkey’s Total Population : 68 million (year 2000)
• Rural Population : 35 %
• Urban Population : 65 %
• Annual Population Increase : 1.5 %
• Population Density : 88 people/km2
• Turkey’s Surface area : 78 million ha
• Arable Land : 28 million ha
• Irrigable Land : 26 million ha
• Economically Irrigable Land : 8.5 million ha
Population and Land Resources
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

13. 250 mm
2500 mm
Turkey is a semi arid country: Precipitation varies seasonally and
regionally.ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

14. Run off from neighbour
countries
7 km3
Run off from neighbour
countries
7 km3
Mean Annual
Precipitation
501 km3
Mean Annual
Precipitation
501 km3
Evaporation
274 km3
Evaporation
274 km3
Annual Surface Run Off
186 km3
---------------------------------
Exploitable : 95 km3
(49%)
Annual Surface Run Off
186 km3
---------------------------------
Exploitable : 95 km3
(49%)
Surface Run Off
193 km3
Surface Run Off
193 km3
Leakage to Aquifers
41 km3
Leakage to Aquifers
41 km3
Total Exploitable Water
112 km3
Total Exploitable Water
112 km3
Present Consumption
40 km3
Present Consumption
40 km3
Annual Safe Yield
14 km3
Annual Safe Yield
14 km3
Annual Available Surface Water
98 km3
Annual Available Surface Water
98 km3
Gross Water
Potential
234 km3
Gross Water
Potential
234 km3
Schematic Representation of Water Potential in Turkey
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

15. Rivers and Lakes in Turkey
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

16. NO NAME of BASIN
ANNUAL
SURFACE RUN
OFF (km3
)
1 Euphrates-Tigris 52,94
2 East Black Sea 14,90
3 East Mediterranean 11,07
4 Antalya 11,06
5 West Black Sea 9,93
6 West Mediterranean 8,93
7 Marmara 8,33
8 Seyhan 8,01
9 Ceyhan 7,18
10 Kızılırmak 6,48
11 Sakarya 6,40
12 Çoruh 6,30
13 Yeşilırmak 5,80
14 Susurluk 5,43
NO NAME of BASIN
ANNUAL
SURFACE RUN
OFF (km3
)
15 Aras 4,63
16 Konya Closed 4,52
17 Büyük Menderes 3,03
18 Van Lake 2,39
19 North Aegean 2,09
20 Gediz 1,95
21 Maritza-Ergene 1,33
22 Küçük Menderes 1,19
23 Asi 1,17
24 Burdur Lakes 0,50
25 Akarçay 0,49
TOTAL 186
River Basins in Turkey and Their Annual Average Water Potential
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

17. ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007
Basic Observation and Monitoring Studies;
- Stream Flow, Snow, and Meteorological Observation,
- Sediment measurement,
- Water Quality Monitoring (Irrigation water + other pollution parameters measurements)
Totally;
Stream Flow Observation in 1410 stations
Sediment Measurements in 183 stations
Irrigation Water Quality Monitoring in 282 stations
Snow Observation in 652 stations
Meteorological Observation in 793 stations
Water Quality Monitoring in 1150 stations

18. Water use in Turkey
Potable
Industrial
Irrigation
12%
16%
72%
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

19. Population
Intervals
Number of
municipalit
ies
Population
of
municipalit
ies
Number of
municipalit
ies with
sewer
system
Population
serviced
with sewer
system
The rate of
population
serviced
with sewer
system
Number of
treatment
plants
(secondary
+
advanced)
Population
served
with
treatment
plants
The rate of
population
served
with
treatment
plant
> 100.000 58 29 772 881 58 28.563.084 96 46 20.554.995 69
100.000-
50.000
77 5 344 259 74 4.806.972 90 15 1.073.804 20
50.000-
10.000
450 9 309 091 403 7.546.575 81 43 1.770.561 19
10.000-
2000
2206 8 929 928 1396 4.923.454 55 33 449.956 5
<2000 345 578 891 208 309.395 53 1 27.114 5
3136 53 935 050 2139 46.149.480 87 138 23.876.430 44
* The district and sub-level municipalities having service from The Metropolitan Municipalities are evaluated within the
metropolitan municipality population. For this reason the number of district and sub-level municipalities is not shown on the table.
** The 2004 data of The Institution of Statistics of Turkey is valid.
Number of wastewater treatment plants according to the By-law on
urban wastewater treatment
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

20. Municipal Waste Water Treatment Plants in Turkey
Provinces that have wastewater treatment plant
Provinces that have not wastewater treatment plant
Provinces where wastewater treatment plants are programmed in
tendering process
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

21. 10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1994 1996 1998 2002 2004
YEAR
The Ratio of the Population Serviced with Sewer System
and WWTP to Total Population
(%)
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Sewer System
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

22. 65%
35% Treated Waste
Water
Not Treated
Waste Water
Wastewater Amount Discharged from Network System
2,92 billion m3
/year
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

23. 250
500
750
1 000
1 250
1 500
1 750
2 000
2 250
2 500
2 750
3 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004
YEAR
Wastewater Treatment in Turkey
(million m3
/year)
Discharged Quantity of WW
Treated Quantity of WW
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

24. Wastewater Amount Treated in Waste Water Treatment Plants
1,90 billion m3
/year
31.5%
56.3%
12.2%
Physical Treatment
Biological Treatment
Tertiary Treatment
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

25. The Rate of Population Serviced with Sewer System
87%
13%
Population serviced with sewer
system
Population serviced without
sewer system
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

26. NUMBER OF MUNICIPALITY ACCORDING TO POPULATION
77
2%
450
14%
2206
71%
345
11%
58
2%
>100,000
100,000-50,000
50,000-10,000
10,000-2000
<2000
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

27. POPULATION SERVICED BY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
20.554.995
87%
1.073.804
4%
1.770.561
7%
449.956
2%
27.114
0%
>100,000
100,000-50,000
50,000-10,000
10,000-2000
<2000
ANKARAANKARA
24 October 200724 October 2007

28. 28
WATER SECTOR INVESTMENT NEEDS
IEAS-2007
ANKARA
24 October 2007

29. Financing for Water Sector Directive Investment
expenditure needs
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Public Budget Grants Credits Wastewater Drinking Water Other (WFD, GWD)
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007
ANKARA
24 October 2007

30. Total Invenment Needs for Water Sector
(2007-2023)
Drinking
Water
12.743 €
41%
Wastewater
18.083 €
59%
(Milyon €)
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007
ANKARA
24 October 2007

31. Only Metropolitan Municipalities can achieve to afford
Operation, Maintenance and Depreciation cost if they
increase their tariff proportional to Gross National Product
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
milyonEUR
2003
2007
2013
2017
2022
1,000,000
Giderler
TarifeBedeli
Giderler
TarifeBedeli
Giderler
TarifeBedeli
Giderler
TarifeBedeli
İşletmeBakımve
Amortisman
Tariff Cost Operation, Maintenance and Depreciation
>1,000,000
150,000
1,000,000
50,000
150,000
2,000
50,000
<2,000
ANKARA
24 October 2007

32. Bank of
Provinces
PPP
International
Finance
Funds
EU-Other
Private
Sector
Municipal
Budgets
General
Budget
Financing
Need for the
Environmental
Investments
ANKARA
24 October 2007
The Sources That Can Provide Financing For
Environmental Investments
Ref:National Environmental Strategy;2007

33. INVESTMENT PROJECTS IPA
The topic “Environment” takes place under the “Regional Development” title, the
fourth component of the “Institutions for Pre Accession Partnership” which
consolidates EU Pre Accession Financial Assistance Programmes and will come
into force in 2007. IPA funds will be effective between 2007 – 2013. MoEF was
instructed as a responsible authority for the preparation and the implementation of
the “Environmental Operational Programme”.
With respect to the utilization from IPA funds, “the prioritization works” which
aim to identify the projects constituting priorities for our country as well as
municipalities, are finalized.
In the framework of IPA, 61 water and waste water treatment projects have been
singled out at a national scale with a view to do feasibility, prepare EIA design
reports and materialize other relevant work of financable Environmental
Infrastructure Projects between 2007-2009 in EU standarts. With their EIA reports
and feasibility are due to be made, Tendering process of “Technical Assistance on
the Preparation of WWTS Projects for 15 Municipalities” chosen from the
“Environmental Infra. Prioritization List” continues..
ANKARA
24 October 2007

34. THE SHORT-LIST CONCERNING WITH WASTEWATER TREATMENT
PROJECTS IN THE SCOPE OF IPA
• Kırıkale wastewater treatment plant
• Erzurum wastewater treatment plant,collector, rain water and partial network
• Kastamonu wastewater treatment plant
• Bartın wastewater treatment plant
• Kırşehir wastewater treatment plant
• Adıyaman wastewater treatment plant
• Gemlik wastewater treatment plant and Deep Sea Discharge Project
• Polatlı wastewater treatment plant and Additional Network
• Siverek wastewater treatment plant
• Seydişehir wastewater treatment plant
• Çarşamba wastewater treatment plant
• Kahramanmaraş wastewater treatment plant
• Diyarbakır wastewater treatment plant (EU The great majorty of the documents are
prepared in the scope of the EU norms.)
• Erdemli wastewater treatment plant (EU The great majorty of the documents are
prepared in the scope of the EU norms.)
• Turhal wastewater treatment plant
ANKARA
24 October 2007

35. FINANCIAL SUPPORT SUPPLIED BY MoEF
The total amount is 5.359.000 YTL supplied for the sewerage and the wastewater treatment
systems between the years 2005-2007
ANKARA
24 October 2007

36. WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
2000/60/EC
ANKARA
24 October 2007

37. PROJECTS CONCERNING THE HARMONIZATION OF THE WATER
FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE IN TURKEY
(Ref. No:MAT01/TR/9/3)
Project Purpose:
To provide support to Turkish Government in developing a participatory and
integrated approach in water management planning by fostering collaboration and
co-operation between institutions and organisations having a responsibility in water
management in order to implement the EU Water Framework Directive in Turkey.
Submitted to:
MATRA Program
ANKARA
24 October 2007

38. Achievements Gained by the Project:
• Legal and Institutional Analyses regarding the Current Water
Management in Turkey,
• Draft Integrated River Basin Management Plan for Büyük Menderes
River Basin,
• A Handbook for Implementation of the Water Framework Directive.
Project Budget:
400 000 Euro
Project Duration:
Starting Date : January 2002
Ending Date : December 2003
ANKARA
24 October 2007

39. STRENGTHENING THE CAPACITY OF SUSTAINABLE
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT (Ref. No:PPA/05/TR/7/8)
To support the Turkish government with the harmonisation and implementation of
Directive 80/68/EEC (Groundwater Directive) and relevant groundwater legislation
under Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive), to prepare an
implementation plan and implement it in Küçük Menderes River Basin.
Project Purpose:
Submitted to:
MATRA Program
ANKARA
24 October 2007

40. 1. An advice and action plan regarding the harmonisation of European groundwater
legislation, especially directive 80/68/EEC (groundwater directive) and related
legislation under the Water Framework Directive is developed and (partly)
implemented,
2. A clear task and responsibility structure concerning groundwater management
between MoEF and DSI and, among MoEF, DSI and regional and local
authorities is developed and approved,
3. The technical knowledge and skills in relation to groundwater management,
within MoEF, DSI and other relevant institutions involved in groundwater
management, is improved.
Achievements Gained by the Project:
Project Beneficiaries:
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works
ANKARA
24 October 2007

41. Project Budget:
350 000 Euro
Project Duration:
Starting Date : January 2006
Planned Ending Date : December 2007
ANKARA
24 October 2007

42. CAPACITY BUILDING SUPPORT TO TURKEY FOR THE WATER SECTOR (Ref.
No:TR 0603.04)
To assist Turkey in the water management in line with the EU water legislation, in
particular the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC of 23 October 2000,
Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) 91/271/EEC of 21 May 1991
and Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) 76/464/EEC of 4 May 1976 and
daughter directives in order to enable the full implementation of the EU water
acquis by the date of Turkey’s accession to the EU.
Certain Provisions of WFD are out of Project Scope.
Project Purpose:
Submitted to:
EU-Turkey Pre-accession Financial Assistance 2006 Programming Year
ANKARA
24 October 2007

43. 1. Legal Analyses of the Water Framework Directive, Urban Wastewater
Treatment Directive, and Dangerous Substance Directive in the Context of
Project Purpose,
2. Implementation Plans for the Water Framework Directive and Dangeous
Substance Directive,
3. Pilot Implementation of the Principles of the Water Framework Directive,
Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive, and Dangerous Substance Directive in
Büyük Menderes River Basin.
Achievements Gained by the Project:
Project Beneficiaries:
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works
ANKARA
24 October 2007

44. 2 500 000 Euro (Total)
Project Budget:
2 000 000 Euro (Twinning)
500 000 Euro (Supply)
Project Duration:
Planned Starting Date : 2007 III. Quarter
Planned Ending Date : 2009 III. Quarter
ANKARA
24 October 2007

45. DANGEROUS SUBSTANCE DISCHARGED INTO THE AQUATIC ENVIROMENT
76/464/EEC(2006/11/EC)
This Directive was published in the Official Gazette No. 26005 dated 26 November 2005
URBAN WASTE WATER TREATMENT DIRECTIVE 91/271/EEC
This Directive was published in the Official Gazette No. 26047 dated 8 January 2006
GROUNDWATER DIRECTIVE 80/68/EEC (2006/118/EC )
Draft By-Law on the Protection of Groundwater Against Pollution Caused by Certain Dangerous Substances was
prepared.Since new Groundwater Directive published at 12 December 2006, the technical studies for the harmonization
of the new Groundwater Directive are carried on at the beginning phase.
DRINKING WATER DIRECTIVE (98/83/EC)
This DirectiveThis Directive was published in the Official Gazete dated 17.02.2005 and No. 25730 and put into force at the date ofwas published in the Official Gazete dated 17.02.2005 and No. 25730 and put into force at the date of
publication.publication.
NITRATE DIRECTIVE (91/676/EEC)
The By-law on the Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources was published
in the Official Gazette No.25377, dated 18 February 2004. Technical works on amendment “By-Law on the
Protection of Waters Against Pollution Caused by Nitrates from Agricultural Sources” are going on.
BATHING WATER DIRECTIVE 76/160/EC76/160/EC
Regulation on Bathing Water Quality had been taken into force on 9 january 2006 by being published in the official
gazette no.26048 in order to adapt the “Bathing Water Directive” no.76/160/EC.
FISH WATER DIRECTIVE ( 78/659/EEC), SHELLFISH WATER DIECTIVE (79/923/EEC)
With regard to the directive 78/659/EEC technical works are being conducted by the MARA under the work devoted to
the alignment, considering the amendments made to the directive 2006/44/EC
With regard to the directive 79/923/EEC technical works are being conducted by the MARA under the work devoted to
the alignment, considering the amendments made to the directive 2006/113/EC
ANKARA
24 October 2007

46. 46
PROJECTS
• Pollutant Release And Transfer Regıster (PRTR) Project
• Strengthening the Ministry of Health to Harmonise and Implement legislation in the field
of water for public health Protection”(TwinningTR/2004/IB/EN/04).(2006-2007)
• Developing The Low Costs Treatment Technologies for Turkey Circumstances and The
Sample Implementing Projects for the Marmara Region
• The Research Project of The Integrated Treatment of The Municipal Wastewater and
Organic Solid
• Waste with The Renewable Energy (Biomethane) Recycling Technologies
• Capacity Building for Development of National Water Quality Monitoring Network
• Determination of Characterization of Turkish Coastal Zones and National Monitoring
Methodology
• Capacity strenghtening and support of implementation in order to meet with quality
criteria of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water
• A Research Project on Determination of Discharge Limit Values of Hazardous
Substances in Aquatic Media ANKARA
24 October 2007

47. 47
• Capacity Building for Cleaner Production Practices in Turkey
• Determination of Principles of Sensitive Areas and Urban Waste Water Treatment
• Management of Bathing Waters in Turkey
• Sustainable Usage of Marine and Coastal Areas
ANKARA
24 October 2007

48. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
nermincicek@hotmail.com
ANKARA
24 October 2007