http://www.owenhegarty.com/wp-content/uploads/TigersStuart1.pdf Presentation Outline The Big Picture – Plate Tectonics
Mineral prospectivity is a function of plate tectonic setting
Myanmar has unusual and highly favourable tectonics
It shares tectonics with mainland Asia and Sumatra The Concept of Mineral Deposit Models and Mineral Provinces
The mechanisms of mineral deposit formation are relatively well understood
Models derived from this understanding guide mineral exploration
Mineral deposits form provinces that reflect their tectonic setting Details of selected mineral belts and deposits in adjacent regions
The mineral belts of adjacent regions are relatively well known
This knowledge can be transferred into Myanmar Synthesis
Prospectivity & potential deposit styles in Myanmar

1. Mineral Deposits of SE Asia:
Lessons for Myanmar from Adjacent Regions
Dr Stuart Smith & Prof Khin Zaw

2. 2

3. Presentation Outline
3
The Big Picture – PlateTectonics
Mineral prospectivity is a function ofplate tectonic setting
Myanmar has unusual and highly favourable tectonics
It shares tectonics with mainland Asia and Sumatra
The Concept of Mineral Deposit Models and Mineral Provinces
The mechanisms ofmineral deposit formation are relatively well understood
Models derived fromthis understanding guide mineral exploration
Mineral deposits formprovinces that reflect their tectonic setting
Details of selected mineral belts and deposits in adjacent regions
The mineral belts ofadjacent regions are relatively well known
This knowledge canbe transferred into Myanmar
Synthesis
Prospectivity & potential deposit styles in Myanmar

4. South East
Asian Plate
Tectonics

5. SE Asian Plate Tectonics
5
A Tectonic Jigsaw Puzzle
SE Asia is a400 million year Tectonic Jigsaw Puzzle
Mineral deposits tend toformduring major tectonic
re-organisations
Collision of tectonic plates/terranes
Rifting of terranes from continents
Details ofSE Asian tectonics are still debated
Generalities are well enough agreed topermit
development ofaPlate Tectonic framework for
mineral deposit models
From Metcalfe; http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~imetcal2/web-data/Research/PalGeog/Palaeogeog.html

6. SE Asian Plate Tectonics
6
Rift-Drift-Collision
Terranes derived fromSupercontinents
drift across palaeo-oceans and
then collide
Some deposits associated
with rift phases others with
collisions
From Metcalfe; http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~imetcal2/web-data/Research/PalGeog/LPerm.html
~250Ma

7. Myanmar Tectonics
7
Myanmar -Ancient and Modern
Highly unusual tectonic setting in SE Asia
Part ofthe “Ancient Jigsaw Puzzle” and
also anextension ofthe modern Sunda-
Banda arccollisional plate margin
Myanmar’s “nearest tectonic friend” is
Sumatra
From Metcalfe; http://www-personal.une.edu.au/~imetcal2/web-data/Research/PalGeog/Palaeogeog.html

8. South East
Asian Mineral
Deposits &
Mineral Belts

9. SE Asian Mineral Deposits
9
SE Asian Deposits areof several types
Broadly collision (convergent) related
Copper, gold, tin, tungsten
Some zinc, lead, silver
Broadly rift related
Zinc, lead
From Zientek & Orris, 2005; USGS Open File Report 2005-1294A
Au
Cu-Au-Mo
Au Au
Cu
Zn-Pb-Ag-Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Cu-Au-Mo

10. SE Asian Mineral Belts
10
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
Belts ofvarious commodity exist
Many ofthese belts overlap
The overlap is generally related to deposits of
different ages and different tectonics
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W

11. SE Asian Mineral Belts
11
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
Copper-Gold
Typically related toancient and modern plate margins
Some major world class deposits
Porphyry/High Sulphidation Epithermal
Yulong/Pulang Belt– China
Truongson Belt -Phu Kham/Sepon – Laos
Sunda-Banda Arc -Martabe/Tujuh Bukit -
Indonesia
LowSulphidation Epithermal
Loei Belt - Chatree -Thailand
Pulang
Monywa
Phu Kham
SeponChatree
Martabe
Tujuh Bukit
Yulong

12. SE Asian Mineral Belts
12
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
Tin-Tungsten
One of the worlds great tin-tungsten belts
Myanmar-Thailand-Malaysia-Indonesia
Predominantly alluvial
Hard rock potential underexplored

13. SE Asian Mineral Belts
13
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
Zinc-Lead-Silver
Several styles of deposits and various belts
VMS
Bawdwin – Myanmar
Simao Belt - Darpingshan - China
Sediment-hosted
Mae Sod – Thailand
Diari – Indonesia
Jinding - China
Mae Sod
Bawdwin
Diari
Darpingshan
Jinding

14. Synthesis:
Implications
for Myanmar
Prospectivity

15. SE Asian Mineral Belts
15
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
By understanding the geological controls onknown
belts predictions canbe made
Key geological controls forthe major belts are
Yulong Porphyry Belt
Major Himalayan aged (~50 – 20 million years)
faults control porphyry emplacement
High potential
Truongson Belt
Old (~ 300 million years) volcanic belt
The tectonic jigsaw puzzle suggest these rocks do
not exist inMyanmar
LowPotential
Loei Belt
Old (~250 million years) volcanic belt
Tectonics indicate these rocks not in Myanmar
Lowpotential
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W
Pulang
Monywa
Phu Kham
SeponChatree
Martabe
Tujuh Bukit
Yulong
Mae Sod
Bawdwin
Diari
Darpingshan

16. SE Asian Mineral Belts
16
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
By understanding the geological controls onknown
belts predictions canbe made
Key geological controls forthe major belts are
Simao Belt
Old (~210 million years) gold-rich VHMS
Extensions occur into Lao& Thailand
?Myanmar
Tin -Tungsten
Amajor part ofthe known belt is inMyanmar
High potential
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W
Pulang
Monywa
Phu Kham
SeponChatree
Martabe
Tujuh Bukit
Yulong
Mae Sod
Bawdwin
Diari
Darpingshan

17. SE Asian Mineral Belts
17
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
By understanding the geological controls onknown
belts predictions canbe made
Key geological controls forthe major belts are
Mae Sod
Old sedimentary rocks extend into Myanmar
High potential
Bawdwin
High potential is a given
Application ofmodern exploration techniques
may provide opportunities
Sunda-Banda Arc
Plate margin extends fromSumatra to
Myanmar
More complicated inMyanmar
Excellent potential
However some caution required
Cu-Au-Mo
Cu-Au
Au
Zn-Pb-Ag
Sn-W
Pulang
Monywa
Phu Kham
SeponChatree
Martabe
Tujuh Bukit
Yulong
Mae Sod
Bawdwin
Diari
Darpingshan

18. SE Asian Mineral Belts
18
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
Sunda-Banda Arc
More complicated inMyanmar
From Richards et al., 2007
Mid-Miocene
Pliocene
Mid-Eocene
Oligocene

19. SE Asian Mineral Belts
19
Numerous, Multi-commodity
Belts
Sunda-Banda Arc
Major economic porphyry and
high sulphidation deposits are
typically Pliocene
Monywa is hosted by mid-
Miocene rocks
Martabe
~3.5Ma
Batu Hijau
3.7Ma
Grasberg
3.3-2.7Ma
Gosowong
~2.5Ma
Tampakan
3.2Ma
Monywa
Mid-Miocene
Tangse
Mid Miocene

20. Conclusions
20
Numerous, Multi-commodity Belts
By understanding the geological controls onknown belts predictions canbe made
Integration with in-country data and greater understanding ofMyanmar tectonics canaid in
targeting exploration