The document discusses interaction among living things, including how some animals live in groups while others live solitary, and how plants and animals compete for limited resources. It also addresses factors like food, water, space, and nutrients that cause competition between living organisms. Various examples are provided to explain competition and cooperation between different types of animals and plants.

1. Living Things
Interaction
Animals Cooperation Plants
Competition
Live in Live in
group solitary Factors
&
Reasons
Explanations
&
examples

2. INTERACTION AMONG LIVING THINGS
1.2.1 living things
interaction with one
another in the environment
1.2.6 why plants
compete with each other 1.2.2 competition is a form of
interaction
limited resources of
nutrient space 1.2 competition is a form of
interaction among living
water
things
sunlight that can reach
them 1.2.3 factors that animals
compete for
1.2.5 factors that plants 1.2.4 why animals compete
food space
compete for
limited resources of
shelter
sunlight space water
food mate
nutrient shelter
water
water mate

3. 1.1.2
State that
some animals live
1.1.1 in solitary.
State that some 1.1.3
animals live in Give examples
group. of animals that live
in group.
1.1 Understanding
1.1.7 that some animals
State that live in group and
cooperation is a other live in solitary
1.1.4
form of interaction
Give examples
among animals.
of animals that
live in solitary
1.1.6 1.1.5
Explain why Explain why
animals live animals live
in solitary. in group.

4. Food
Water
Mate
Shelter
Space
Sunlight
Water
Space
Nutrient

5. Investigating Living Things GROUP 10
Interaction Among Living Things
Understanding the
responsibility of human Knowing the impact
beings in protecting of human activities
endangered species on environment
Give examples of environmental
Give examples of extinct animals
destruction caused by human
dinosaurs Logging, hunting and development
Give examples of endangered animals Explain how human activities cause
environmental destruction
Turtle, panda, orang utan
Erosion, landslide, flash-flood, water and air pollution
Give examples endangered plant
Predict what will happen to the Earth
Rafflesia and pitcher plant if human activities are not controlled
Explain why certain animal or plant are
Global warming, no fresh water and air
facing the threat of extinction
Suggest ways to prevent animals a
plants from extinction

6. Investigating Living Things GROUP 10
Interaction Among Living Things
dinosaurs Turtle, panda, orang utan
extinct animals endangered animals
endangered plant
Rafflesia and pitcher plant
Living Things
Understanding the
Explain why certain animal or plant are responsibility of human
facing the threat of extinction beings in protecting
Human activities endangered species
Suggest ways to prevent animals a
plants from extinction
Campaign against excessive logging

7. Investigating Living Things GROUP 10
Interaction Among Living Things
examples of environmental
Knowing the impact destruction caused by human
of human activities Logging, hunting and development
on environment
human activities cause
environmental destruction
Erosion, landslide, flash-flood, water and air pollution
Predict what will happen to the Earth
if human activities are not controlled
Global warming, no fresh water and air

8. Tiger
Dodo Turtle
Dinosaur Orang utan Rafflesia
Mammoth panda Pitcher plant
Tasmanian tiger
Extinct animals Endangered animals Endangered plants
1.3 Responsibility of human beings in protecting
endangered species
Why animals and plants
extinct Ways to prevent extinction
Illegal or excessive •.campaign
•.logging •.educating the public
•.hunting •.avoid consuming or buying
•.development •.enforsing the law

9. 1.4 impact of human activities on environment
Environmental destruction How human activities caused What will happen to the
caused by human Environmental destruction Earth ?
•erosion Illegal or excessive
•.landslide •.logging •global warming
•.flash--flood •.hunting •Climate change
•.water pollution •Improper management •Sea level rises
•.air pollution of development

10. INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY
Pull
Types Push
Friction
Theme : Force
Move a stationary object.
Effects
Change the motion of object.
Change the shape of an object.

11. FORCE
PULL PUSH
e.g. e.g.
• pull a door • close the door
• open the door • push the trolly
• wear a sock • switch off the light
CONCLUSION
A FORCE CANNOT BE SEEN
BUT ITS EFFECTS CAN BE
OBSERVED

12. Change the shape Change the direction
Of an object of an object
The Effects of
A Force
Change the motion
Of an object
Speed
Stationary to Moving
Faster to Slower
Moving to Stationary
Slower to Faster

13. A type of force
Advantages What is? Disadvantages
•Prevent from •Slows down the
slipping movement of objects
•Stop a moving
vehicle FRICTIO •Damages objects
•Produces unnecessary
•Keeps the position
of a stationary
N heat
objects
Ways to Effects Ways to reduce
increase Produce heat •Applying oil, grease or wax
•Roughen the Opposes motion •Using rods, ball
surface in contact
Causes wear and bearings and wheels
•Heavier object tear •Using air cushion
•Shape of object
•Smoothening the surface in
contact

14. Group 15
Effects:
Definition: 1.Produces heat
Type of force that opposes 2.Opposes motion
the movement of an object 3.Causes wear and tear
Ways to reduce
1.Using roller,marbles
Disadvantages FRICTION 2.Using talcum powder, oil,
e.g: slow down the wax ,grease ,air cushion.
movement, damaging 3.Smoothening the surfaces
objects. in contact
Advantages Ways to increase
e.g: prevents from slipping, 1.Increase the roughness
stop a moving vehicles of surface
2.Increase the weight of object
3. Change the shape of object

15. Movement
Speed is a measurement of how fast an object moves
Moves faster, longer distance
SPEED
Formula:
Speed = distance / time
Moves faster, shorter time
Solve problems using example

16. TRAVELLED MOVES
LONGER FASTER
Time distance
(keep the same) (keep the same)
DISTANCE TRAVELLED
DEFINITION
FORMULA
SPEED
Measurement of how fast
an object moves
SPEED=DISTANCE/TIME

17. Food preservation
1.3 Realising the importance
Of preserving food
1.1 Understanding
food spoilage
•State the conditions for
microorganisms
•Give reasons why we need
to grow.
to preserve food
• Describe what spoilt food is * air
* the food will last longer
* water
* changes in appearance * the food easy to store
* nutrient
* foods turn bad * to reduce wastage of food
* suitable temperature
* foods cannot last long
- strong high kill bacteria and fungi
* suitable acidity
Unsafe to eat because
- cannot grow in a very acidic or
* expired date
very alkaline
* due to the action of bacteria
and fungi
•State that microorganisms
Can spoil food.
•Identify characteristics Carry out experiment
of spoilt food. e.g leaving a slice of bread in a
plastic bag
Unpleasant smell – bad smell
Unpleasant taste – sour taste
Changed colour – becomes yelliwish
Changed texture - become curd
Mouldy – have dark spots

18. Slowing down the food from waxing
becoming bad smoking
drying
EXAMPLES THE
MEANING boiling
WAYS
cooling
Imported Fish Vacuum
fruits packing
smoking
waxing Pickling
FOOD PRESERVATION freezing
salting
Cuttle fish Fresh milk
DESIGN A
REASONS
drying cooling PROJECT
salting Choose a type
Removes of food
water drying
Choose a
Removes air Vacuum type of
& moisture packing preservation

20. HOW WASTE IS EDUCATE THE PUBLIC
5
DISPOSED IN A LOCAL •SCHOOL /PUBLIC
AREA 6 SUGGESTION •PAMPHLET
•THROUGH MEDIA
GARBAGE IS
COLLECTED AND SENT
INCINERATOR
TO DUMPING SITE
4 HARMFUL EFFECTS
1 TYPES OF WASTE
• AIR POLLUTION 2.1 UNDERSTANDING THE •PLASTIC
• WATER EFFECTS OF IMPROPER •GLASS
POLLUTION DISPOSAL OF WASTE •CHEMICAL WASTE
• SICKNESS & ON THE ENVIRONMENT •ORGANIC WASTE
DISEASES
•METAL
• ACID RAIN
• FLASH-FLOOD 3 WASTE DISPOSAL
IMPROPER WAYS PROPER WAYS 2 SOURCES OF WASTE
•THROW INTO DRAINS •SEPARATE THE •FACTORIES
•DUMP INTO THE WASTE •FOOD STALL
RIVER •RECYCLE •MARKET
•PUT BY THE •REUSE •LOCAL AREA
ROADSIDE
•OPEN BURNING

21. Sickness & Flash-flood
Air pollution diseases Metal
Chemical
Glass
Acid rain
Water pollution
HARMFUL Plastic
EFFECTS TYPES
Recycle
PROPER Organic
Undergo WAYS
treatment WASTE
MANAGEMENT
House
SOURCES
Open burning IMPROPER
WAYS
HOW WASTE Hospital
DISPOSED
Without proper Vehicle
treatment Factory
Classified waste in Use the Food Stall
Throw in the river
different group Microorganisms

22. LOB: 2.2 Understanding that
some waste can decay

23. 2. WASTE MANAGEMENT
2.2.7 The effects
2.2.1 Waste
of waste management to
can decay
-human
-environment
2.2.2 Waste that can decay 2.2 UNDERSTANDING
-eg. vegetables, paper,
THAT SOME WASTE 2.2.6 Disadvantages
CAN DECAY
wood of waste decaying
2.2.5 Advantages
2.2.3 Waste that do not of waste decaying
decay
2.2.4 Microorganisms
-e.g glass, plastic
can cause to decay

24. INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE
ECLIPSES
SUN
MOON
1. What is
the eclipse 1. What is 4. Predict the
of the the eclipse scenario on
moon? of the sun? the earth
3. Why
occurs?
2. Position of the
2. Position of 3. Why
Moon ,The Earth
the Moon , occurs?
and The Sun
The Earth
and The Sun

25. MACHINE
SIMPLE MACHINES COMPLEX MACHINE
APRECIATING INVENTION
WHAT?
WHAT? MADE UP OF MORE
A DEVICE THAT ALLOWS THAN ONE SIMPLE
US TO USE LESS MACHINE
FORCE/ MAKE WORK
EASIER&FASTER EXAMPLE
a) WHEEL BARROW –WHEEL& AXLE,
LEVER
TYPES
b) BICYCLE- WHEEL&AXLE,
a)WHEEL & AXLE eg SCREW SCREW,GEAR, LEVER
DRIVER
LIFE WITH MACHINE
b)LEVER eg. SEE-SAW
-WORK WILL BE
c)PULLEY eg. FLAG POLES EASIER&FASTER
d)GEAR eg. WATCH
LIFE WITHOUT MACHINE?
e) INCLINE PLANE eg. STAIR CASE -FACE DIFFULTY
f) SCREW eg. SCREWED BOTTLE
DESIGN A SIMPLE MACHINE
CAP
-TO SOLVE PROBLEMS
g) WEDGE eg. DOOR STOPPER