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Mind map year 4
- 3. 1.1 Understanding thathumans have basic needs Give energy To breathe Grow Stay healthy Food Air Basic Needs Of Human Water Shelter Drinks Grow To protect from • danger Stay healthy • extreme weather • sun & rain
- 4. 1.2 Understanding thatanimals have basic needs Give energy To breathe Grow Stay healthy Food Air Types : Basic Needs • holes Of Animals • cave • nest • beehive Water Shelter Drinks Grow To protect from • danger Stay healthy • extreme weather • sun & rain
- 5. 1.3 Understanding thatplants have basic needs Plants Have Basic Needs Air Water Sunlight With : Without : • grow healthy • wilted • grow well • Turn yellow • not wilted • Die
- 6. 2.1 Analysing lifeprocesses that humans undergo Inhale – take in air Nose/Mouth Wind-pipe Lungs Exhale – give out air Organs Purpose : • avoid danger Breathing Rate of breath • avoid getting hurt Number of chest movement • avoid getting injured In a period of time • to survive Respond To Analysing Life Processes That Human Undergo Reproduce Stimuli A process to produce Organs Excrete Defecate Their young or offspring Eyes - Sight Nose - Smell Lungs Faeces ( Carbon dioxide Tongue - Taste + water vapour ) Ears - Sound Kidney ( urine + mineral salt ) Skin - Touch Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt )
- 7. 2.2 Being awarethat certain behaviour can disturb life processes Behaviour That Can Disturb Life Processes Smoking Drinking Alcohol Taking Drug Effects • Lung cancer Effects • Coughing • Delay respond to stimuli • Lose ability to walk in straight line • Can cause accidents How to avoid Participate in a campaign Discourage among their peers
- 8. 2.3 Analysing thelife processes that animals undergo Animals Life Processes Excrete Defecate Breathing Reproduce To get rid of waste product Organs Lay Eggs Give Birth from their bodies cat butterfly tiger bird bat whale Lungs Gills Lung-book Moist Trachea • monkey • fish • crab Skin Structure • bird • prawn • frog • insects • whale • earthworm
- 9. Science Year 4 INVESTIGATINGLIVING THINGS 2. Living Things Undergo Life Processes the part of plant that responds plants respond to stimuli. to water water, sunlight, touch, gravity. various ways plants reproduce Roots through…seeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting, leaves, underground stem. the part of plant that responds to gravity. 2.4 Roots Life processes plants undergo the part of plant that responds to sunlight. what will happen to the world if plants do not reproduce. Shoot no food supply. plants reproduce. Seeds – balsam, corn, durian the part of plant that responds Spores – fern, mushroom to touch. Suckers – banana, pineapple why plants need to reproduce Stem cutting – hibiscus, rose, tapioca Leaves – bryophyllum, begonia to ensure the survival of the species. Stem – potato, onion, ginger and lily
- 10. 3.1 animals havespecific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves Special characteristics The special characteristics and special behaviour of animals that protect them behaviour of animals help to of animals that protect them protect them from danger. from danger. from danger. Sharp claws Thick and hard skin To protect themselves and their To prevent their enemies from injuring Young from the enemies- lion ,cat, Eg. elephant Bears, and eagle. Hard shell Pretend to dead Snails and tortoise retract their head To trick their enemies –e.g.: beetle And legs into the shell when the are Attacked by enemies Camouflage Hard scales Has body colour or patterns that that are Pangolins and crocodiles have hard Similar to the surrounding scales To protect their bodies from injuries Spines Spray black ink Raise the sharp spines when Dark surrounding helps the animal not the enemies advance towards them to been seen by enemies Eg. porcupine – e.g: octopus, squid Horns Poisonous sting or fangs Use their horn to attack enemies. Can hurt and kill enemies-e.g..: scorpion, Eg. buffalo centipede snake , bee.
- 11. 3.2/3.3 Animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from extreme weather and survive specific characteristics and how specific characteristics and behaviour of animals that protect behaviour of animals help to protect them from very hot and cold weather. them from very hot or cold weather. Hot weather Cold weather Thick Fur Polar bears have thick fur to prevent the body Wrinkled Skin From losing heat to cold surroundings. Elephant ,hippopotamuses and buffaloes lose body heat through wrinkled skins Fat Layers Under The Skins Wallowing Penguins, seals, and whales have fat layers under Elephant, hippopotamuses and buffaloes their skin to keep their bodies warm keep their body cool by wallowing in mud holes Small Ears Seals and Walruses have small ears to prevent Heat loss from their bodies. Humps Camels store food and water in the form Hibernate Of fats in the humps on their back. Polar bears hibernates during extreme cold Weather
- 12. 3.4 Plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from enemy The specific characteristics How the specific of plants that protect them characteristics of from enemies plants help to protect them from enemies. Produces characteristics that latex protect plants. Have thorns poisonous Have fine hairs Close leaflets when touch
- 13. 3.5 Plants havespecific characteristics to protect themselves from dry region and strong wind strong wind dry region Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree, . Eg : cactus mangrove tree a. Long roots to absorb water b. Succulent stem can store a. Have stems that bend easily water b. Have buttress roots c. Thorn can prevent c. Have separated leaves the excessive loss of d. Needle- shaped leaves water
- 14. INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY
- 15. 1.3 Solid 1.2 Area Volume 1.4 Liquid 1.1 Length MEASUREMENT 1.5 Mass 1.7 Standard units 1.6 Time
- 16. Measuring tape String Arm span Terminology Cubit - The distance Ways to measure between two points/place/position Ruler 1.1Length Standard Tools Correct technique Measuring tape Ruler - The eye must be directly above the end of object Unit mm cm m km
- 17. Terminology 1.2 Area Standard unit - Square millimetre (mm2) - Area is the amount of - Square centimetre (cm2) Space taken up by the - Square metre (m2) surface of an object. - Square kilometre (km2) Different ways to measure area - Using formula - by placing uniform - Using square card with a objects such as tiles, 2cm sides of 1 centimetre books and stamps on the surface of 3cm 4cm the objects Area = length X width 1cm = 4cm X 2 cm 3cm = 8cm2 1cm
- 18. The amount ofspace that something takes up measuring cylinder Terminology Length x width x height Tools Formula Volume 1.4 Liquid Standard Units 1.3 Solid Correct technique ml, l Standard Units a) taking the reading at the lowest part of the meniscus. mm3, cm3, m3 b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowest part of the meniscus
- 19. Terminology Correct technique - Amount of matter in an object 1.5 Mass Electronic balance Simple Tools Bathroom Standard unit balance scale Beam Kitchen Lever balance scale balance mg g kg
- 20. Terminology Standard unit 1.6 Time - Duration between - Second , minute , hour two event Way to measure Tool Process that repeats uniformly can be used to measure time - Digital clock , watch , wrist watch , clock Events can be used measuring time Old clock -Swinging pendulum -Pulse rate candle - Sundial , sand -water dripping clock , candle clock -Changing day and night
- 21. 1.7 The Importanceof Standard Units - for accuracy and - easy to communicate consistency and understanding
- 22. Investigating Materials
- 23. metal carbon glass plastics wood Conduct Light to pass Insulator electricity through 1.1 The properties of materials conduct Float on water Sink in water Can be stretch heat wood stone rubber ring metal
- 24. 1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life Suggest ways Suggest ways to keep things hot to keep things cold Covered with insulators hot thing cold thing To prevent prevent from heat loss absorbing heat
- 25. 1.3 Uses of materials based on their properties List of object and materials that they Reason why particular are made of materials are used to make an object object materials properties spoon metal hard tissue wood Soft cheap strength glasses glass transparent easy to get good quality
- 26. 1.4 The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials wood cotton metal plastics synthetic cloth natural Man-made materials rubber glass materials State that man-made materials comes from natural materials reducing reusing recycling public transport plastic bag bottle plastics glass
- 27. 1.6 RUSTING CAN PREVENTED DIFFERENT WAYS TO THE NECESSARY TO PREVENT OBJECTS FROM RUSTING PREVENT RUSTING Coating with non *Everlasting Live rusting materials *Save Natural *paint material *oil *Save Cost *grease *Looking good *Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water.
- 28. UNDERSTANDING THAT SOME MATERIALS CAN RUST RUSTY OBJECTS NON RUSTY OBJECTS OBJECT MADE OF OBJECT MADE OF IRON AND STEEL GLASS, PLASTIC, WOOD, CLAY AND SILK *Nail *Glass *Spoon *Bottle *Knife *Cup *Needle *Pencil
- 29. INVESTIGATING THEEARTH AND THE UNIVERSE
- 30. -Nine Planets Mercury – My -Natural satellites -Meteors THE Venus – Very Earth – Excellent -Comets SOLAR Mars – Mother -Asteroids SYSTEM Jupiter – Just Saturn – Served Uranus – Us Neptune – Nine List of Pluto – Puddings constituents List of planets 1.1 The solar system Planets move round the Sun
- 31. the Moon the Earth the Earth the Sun 4 100 1 1 Size of the Earth Size of the Sun relative to the size relative to the size of the Moon. of the Earth. 1.2 The relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun The relative distance from the Earth to the Sun compared to the relative distance from the Earth to the Moon. the Earth the Moon the Sun 150 000 000 km 382 500 km 1 : 400
- 32. Much nearer : •Thenearer a planet to the Sun is, •The temperature on the Earth would rise. the hotter is the surface of the planet . •Water on Earth would evaporate. •The farther a planet from the Sun is, •No water and the temperature would be the colder is the surface of the planet. very hot. •Do not have enough air and water. Much farther : •The temperature on the Earth would drop. •Water would freeze into ice. •All living things would die. 1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System Why certain planets are not conducive The Earth is EFFECT for living things. the only planet in the Solar System that has living things. •Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light and heat from the Sun. •It is not too hot or too cold. •The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is water on Earth.
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- 34. 1.1.Understanding the importanceof technology in everyday life Examples of human limitations are Limitation of human ability • Unable to see fine objects •Unable to speak loud •Unable to walk for long distance •Unable to see far away objects Microscope - The usage of lens to see fine features of objects and microbes Microphone -To increase the volume Telephone Devices to overcome -To communicate from long distance human limitation Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes -Can travel long distance in a shorter time Telescope, binocular - To see far away objects
- 35. Agriculture TECHNOLOGY e.g.: 1.2 hoe plough tractor Understanding The Development Of combine harvester Technology Transportation Land: Animal bicycle car train Examples Air: hot air balloon airship glider aeroplane Water: canoe raft sampan ferry ship Construction Communication Cave hut wooden house Drawing carrier pigeon apartment Telephone
- 36. TECHNOLOGY Cannot move farther Problems they encounter in their daily life 1.3 Cannot move and lift heavy thing Synthesising Brain storming how technology can be used to Ideas to solve solve problems the problems identified Sketch the model wheelbarrow Demonstrate that device invented can be used to Device to solve solve the problem lever the problem identified. identified Pully – can lift everything Wheel barrow – can move heavy things easily
- 37. 1.4 Analysing ThatTechnology Can Benefit Mankind If Used Wisely Advantages of Technology Disadvantages of Technology •Communication Environmental pollution from increase Enable human to learn more about In waste materials things happening around the world •Transportation Environmental destruction result from Enable human to travel excessive usage of natural resources far away places in shorter time •Agriculture Social problem Machines make it easier to plants and harvest their crops Bad effects on health result from •Construction environmental pollution and excessive Roads, highways, bridges and use of chemicals building is easier and faster to build