contribution of scientists in the field of microbiology: Authors note: the information is gathered from various sources, and search engines, the author thanks these sources and the information is intended for academic & education purpose only

1. Prepared & Presented by:
Ms.Salma kausar M
Assistant Professor
Dept. of BT
TOCE,bangalore
Microbiology – 18BT32
Module 1
Topic:- milestone
contribution by Scientist

2. Louis Pasteur(1822-1895)
He is rightly called as the ‘Father of
Microbiology'. His main contributions are-
• Discovery of tartaric acid
• Louis Pasteur discovered that microbes were
responsible for souring alcohol and came up
with the process of pasteurization.
• Pasteur helped save the silk industry. He
proved that microbes were attacking healthy
silkworm eggs, causing an unknown disease
and that the disease would be eliminated if the
microbes were eliminated.
• Pasteur went on to extend his germ theory to
develop causes and vaccinations for diseases
such as anthrax, cholera, TB and smallpox.
• Disproving the theory of spontaneous
generation

3. Robert koch(1843-1910)
• He discovered the anthrax disease cycle (1876)
and the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis
(1882) and cholera (1883).
Koch's postulates are the following:
• The microorganism must be found in abundance
in all organisms suffering from the disease, but
should not be found in healthy organisms.
• The microorganism must be isolated from a
diseased organism and grown in pure culture.
• The cultured microorganism should cause
disease when introduced into a healthy
organism.
• The microorganism must be reisolated from the
inoculated, diseased experimental host and
identified as being identical to the original
specific causative agent.

4. Joseph Lister (1827-1912)
• He was a British surgeon and a pioneer of antiseptic
surgery
• Lister successfully introduced carbolic acid (now known
as phenol) to sterilise surgical instruments and to clean
wounds.

5. Edward Jenner (1749 - 1823)
• He was an English physician and scientist who was the
pioneer of smallpox vaccine, the world's first vaccine.
• Jenner is often called "the father of immunology", and
his work is said to have "saved more lives than the work
of any other human“.

6. Alexander Flemming(1881-1955)
• Sir Alexander Fleming, a Scottish researcher, is credited
with the discovery of penicillin in 1928.
• His best-known discoveries are he enzyme lysozyme in
1923 and the world's first broadly
effective antibiotic substance benzyl
penicillin (Penicillin G) from the mould Penicillium
rubens in 1928, for which he shared the Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine in 194

7. Kingdom Classification