1. 2G to 3G 1/24

2. 2G to 3G Outline of the Lecture 2/24
► Operator Evolution Options
► GSM migration towards 3G
► What is 3G Mobile & 3G Vision ?
► 3G Spectrum
► Network standardization
► Why WCDMA ?
► WCDMA Architecture & Applications
► Threat to Today’s 3G

3. 2G to 3G Operator Evolution Options 3/24
3G offers a logical migratory path from 2G Networks for > 90% of
Subscribers

4. 2G to 3G GSM towards 3G 4/24
2G - GSM Architecture
PSDN
BSC
BTS
BSC HLR SMS-SC
BSC
MSC/VLR
PLMN
MSC/VLR
BSC
BTS — Base Transceiver Station
BSC — Base Station Controller
GMSC
Tandem PSTN Tandem
CO CO
CO MSC — Mobile Switching Center
VLR — Visitor Location Register
HLR — Home Location Register

5. 2G to 3G GSM towards 3G 5/24
General Packet Radio Service 2.5 G - GPRS Architecture
2G MS (voice only) NSS
BSS
E PSTN
Abis A
PSTN
B
BSC C
MS MSC GMSC
D
BTS Gs VLR
SS7
H
Gb
2G+ MS (voice & data) HW & SW
Changes Gr HLR
for HSCSD AuC Gc
Gn Gi
PSDN
SGSN IP GGSN
SGSN — Serving GPRS Support Node GGSN — Gateway GPRS Support Node
►Provide up to 114 Kbps data rate
►Data rates achieved is a step towards UMTS

6. 2G to 3G GSM towards 3G 6/24
2.75 G – EDGE Architecture
►Provide up to 384 kbps data rate, one GPRS terminal gets 8 time slots.
►Data rates achieved is almost equal to UMTS, not available everywhere in cell.

7. 2G to 3G What is 3G Mobile System ? 7/24
Broadband Service
Packet Based Transmission
Transmission of Text, Digitized voice,
Video at data rate > 2 Mbps
Consistent set of services to mobile
computer and phone users wherever they
are located
3G - UMTS Network consists of:
UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) – Uses WCDMA & FDD
CN (Core Network)
UE (User Equipment)

8. 2G to 3G 3G Vision 8/24
☻ Common spectrum worldwide (1.8 – 2.2 GHz band)
☻ Multiple radio environments (Cellular, Cordless, Satellite, LANs)
☻ Wide range of telecom services (Voice, Data, Multimedia, Internet)
☻ Increased spectrum efficiency
☻ Data rates up-to 2 Mbps – for indoor environment
☻ Maximum use of IN capabilities
☻ Global seamless Roaming
☻ Enhanced security and performance
☻ Integration of Satellite and Terrestrial systems

9. 2G to 3G 3G Spectrum 9/24
WRC-92 & WRC-2000 Recommended
In India, National Frequency Allocation Plan
2002 has reserved 60 MHz in WARC-92
1G + 2G identified band of 1920 - 1980 MHz paired
802 with 2110 - 2170 MHz for 3G.
WRC-92 960 MHz
2G (Asia & Europe) + 3G
1710 WRC-2000 1885 MHz
DECT, PHS + 2G + 3G 3G
1885 WRC-92 2025 2110 WRC-92 2200 MHz
3G
2500 WRC-2000 2690 MHz

10. 2G to 3G Network standardization 10/24
3G Partnership Project 3GPP Rel. 99 Objectives
3GPP define migration from GSM to UMTS (W-CDMA)
 Bearer services
 64 kbps circuit switching
R- 99  384 kbps packet switching
 Location services

11. 2G to 3G Network standardization 11/24
3G Partnership Project 3G Rel. 99 Architecture (UMTS) — 3G Radios
2G MS (voice only)
CN
BSS
E PSTN
Abis
A
PSTN
B
BSC MSC C
GMSC
Gb D
BTS Gs
VLR
SS7
H
2G+ MS (voice & data) IuCS
RNS Gr HLR AuC
ATM Gc
Iub
IuPS
Gn Gi
PSDN
RNC SGSN IP GGSN
Node B
3G UE (voice & data)
RNS — Radio Network System, RNC — Radio Network Controller

12. 2G to 3G Network standardization 12/24
3G Partnership Project 3GPP Rel. 4 Objectives
 Bearer services
 64 kbps circuit switching
R- 99  384 kbps packet switching
 Location services
 Edge radio
R- 4  MMS
 Improved Location services

13. 2G to 3G Network standardization 13/24
3G Partnership Project 3G Rel. 4 Architecture (UMTS) — Soft Switching
2G MS (voice only) CN
Nb
CS-MGW
BSS
A
CS-MGW
Abis Nc PSTN PSTN
Mc
Mc
B
BSC MSC Server C
GMSC server
Gb D
BTS Gs
VLR
SS7
H
2G+ MS (voice & data) IuCS
RNS Gr HLR IP/ATM
AuC
ATM Gc
Iub
IuPS
Gn Gi
PSDN
RNC SGSN GGSN
Node B
3G UE (voice & data)

14. 2G to 3G Network standardization 14/24
3G Partnership Project 3GPP Rel. 5 Objectives
 Bearer services
 64 kbps circuit switching
R- 99  384 kbps packet switching
 Location services
 Edge radio
R- 4  MMS
 Improved Location services
 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
R- 5  IPv6, IP transport in UTRAN
 High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA)

15. 2G to 3G Network standardization 15/24
3G Partnership Project 3G Rel. 5 Architecture (UMTS) — IP based UTRAN

16. 2G to 3G Network standardization 16/24
3G Partnership Project 3GPP Rel. 6 Objectives
 Bearer services
 64 kbps circuit switching
R- 99  384 kbps packet switching
 Location services
 Edge radio
R- 4  MMS
 Improved Location services
 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
R- 5  IPv6, IP transport in UTRAN
 High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA)
 WLAN integration
 Multimedia broadcast and Multicast
R- 6
 Improvements in IMS, “All IP” Network
 HSUPA

17. 2G to 3G Why WCDMA ? 17/24
> 75% of world’s cellular subscribers are on GSM – for migration to 3G.
WCDMA (3GSM) & CDMA 2000 EVDO use the same spread spectrum
technology.
WCDMA (3GSM) has a much higher voice capacity.
Wider acceptance of WCDMA (3GSM) technology means significant
economies of scale for the suppliers in the long run.
5MHz carrier BW of WCDMA (3GSM) supports high data rates and
brings performance benefits.
Channel rates: UL - 15 Kbps to 960 Kbps & DL - 15Kbps to 1920 Kbps

18. 2G to 3G WCDMA Network Architecture 18/24
Other NW PDN & Internet
GMSC AuC GGSN
HLR CN
EIR
MSC/VLR MSC/VLR SGSN
SGSN
BSS BSC RNS RNC RNC RNS BSC BSS
BTS BTS NODE-B NODE-B NODE-B NODE-B BTS BTS
GSM WCDMA GSM
Radio Radio Radio
ME
SIM USIM

19. 2G to 3G WCDMA Applications 19/24
World of Mobile Multimedia through WCDMA
Business Sphere Public Sphere
Private Sphere

20. 2G to 3G WCDMA Applications 20/24
Multimodal Services and Multi-Application
Platforms
Combined voice and data applications
►Today, without “all IP” infrastructure
►Text messaging plus speech recognition-enabled voice services
►Evolve from as new services become available
Multi-application platform
►Integrate TDM voice and IP data
►Support multiple applications
►Flexible billing and provisioning

21. 2G to 3G WCDMA Applications 21/24
Sample Multimodal Applications
Travel information
►Make request via voice, Receive response in text
New s
►Get updates while traveling via voice or SMS or rich graphics
One-to-many messaging
►Record message via voice or text
►Deliver message via voice, SMS, WAP, or email
Unified communications
►While listening to a voice message, obtain a text display of recent
customer activity
Emergency response team
►Voice conference and text updates while traveling to site of emergency

22. 2G to 3G Threat to Today’s 3G — Wireless LANs 22/24
Faster than 3G
►11 or 56 Mbps vs. <2 Mbps for 3G when stationary
Data experience matches the Internet
►Same user interface (doesn’t rely on small screens)
►Same programs, Files, Applications, Websites.
Low cost, low barriers to entry
Organizations can build their own networks
►Like the Internet, will grow virally
Opportunity for entrepreneurs!
Opportunity for wireless operators?

23. 2G to 3G Conclusions 23/24
WCDMA most natural migration from GSM
WCDMA most natural migration from GSM
Designed for rich data content
Designed for rich data content
Different services with QoS
Different services with QoS
More spectrum for voice
More spectrum for voice
Continue GSM’s global roaming
Continue GSM’s global roaming
Wire-free world replacing wired world
Wire-free world replacing wired world
Interoperable standards, Applications and VAS
Interoperable standards, Applications and VAS
Encapsulates vision of global wireless village
Encapsulates vision of global wireless village

24. 2G to 3G 24/24