This study guide provides 33 key terms and concepts for students to know for an upcoming midterm exam covering Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Christianity, and Islam. It includes terms about Greek and Roman politics, society, culture, and military history. It also lists differences between Athens and Sparta, participants in important ancient Greek battles, and differences between patricians and plebeians in ancient Rome. Finally, it asks students to compare Christianity and Islam by identifying their shared deity, prophets, and holy books.