This document discusses the evolution of web application architectures from monolithic PHP/MySQL applications in the early 2000s to modern microservice architectures using containers and technologies like Docker. It outlines some of the key benefits of microservices like independent deployment of services, improved scalability and debugging. The document demonstrates these concepts through an example of adding a "follow" feature to a restaurant page, showing how it can be more easily implemented and debugged as a separate microservice rather than within a monolithic application.