Hookworms are parasitic nematodes that infect the human small intestine, primarily species ancylostoma duodenale and necator americanus. The life cycle includes eggs excreted in feces, larval development in soil, skin penetration by infective larvae, migration through the body, and eventual intestinal infection where adult worms lay more eggs.

1. Hookworm: Life Cycle
Name : Jatin pateliya
Ro.no. 69

2. • Hookworms are parasitic nematodes that infect the small intestine of humans.
• Common species: Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus.
• Infection occurs via skin penetration by larvae in contaminated soil.
Hookworm:

3. Life Cycle of Hookworm
1. Eggs in Feces: Eggs are excreted in human feces and reach the soil.
2. Larval Development: Eggs hatch into rhabditiform larvae in the soil.
3. Infective Larvae: Larvae mature into filariform larvae (infective stage).
4. Skin Penetration: Infective larvae penetrate human skin (barefoot contact).
5. Migration: Larvae travel through blood vessels to the lungs, ascend to the throat, and
are swallowed.
6. Intestinal Infection: Larvae reach the small intestine, mature into adults, and begin
laying eggs.