Mexico has shown international leadership in developing legislation, policy and programmes to support its transition to a low carbon economy. A general law on climate change was recently approved and a long term climate change strategy is under implementation, together with a multi-stakeholder approach to develop an institutional MRV framework to support NAMAs and LEDS.
The institutional MRV framework being implemented aims to go beyond simply tracking emission reductions and includes a set of measures, systems and registries to perform policy evaluation, institutional strengthening and ultimately support decision-making. Currently the MRV framework in Mexico consists of several mechanisms, including laws, reporting rules, estimation methodologies, and coordination among different institutions of the public and private sector.
These mechanisms continue to be developed and continuously improved and currently serve as a good example of progress towards a comprehensive national MRV framework.
The MRV institutional framework has long been financed through the Mexican Federal Government. However, several of the estimation methodologies, instruments, processes and policy design, particularly as they are related to LEDS and NAMAs, are funded with resources from international sources. Donors include the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, the European Union, the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) through its International Climate Initiative (IKI), IADB, KfW, UNDP, USAID, and World Bank. Several donors are keen to work with the country, as Mexico’s development of an MRV framework makes it easier to track impact, making technical cooperation financing relatively more attractive than in other countries.
Environmental Law for Business Seminar: Status Report on the Call for Action ...This account is closed
Six months following the release of the Environmental Commissioner of Ontario's report Looking for Leadership – The Costs of Climate Inaction, we look at what, if any, changes have occurred since that report. In this presentation, Gowlings and our multi-disciplinary panel address key issues including:
• U.S. federal and state actions in response to climate change
• Highlights from the International Bar Association’s Climate Change Justice and Human Rights Task Force Report.
• The role of voluntary markets
Participants will be invited to reflect on the 2nd November WP-STAT meeting outcomes and implications for future reporting, including:
What supplementary guidance material and tools could be made available to support the application of the Rio markers?
Should an online user-friendly format for the guidance table be developed?
In the context of continual developments across the international community on climate finance definitions, is there need for further harmonisation?
Environmental Law for Business Seminar: Status Report on the Call for Action ...This account is closed
Six months following the release of the Environmental Commissioner of Ontario's report Looking for Leadership – The Costs of Climate Inaction, we look at what, if any, changes have occurred since that report. In this presentation, Gowlings and our multi-disciplinary panel address key issues including:
• U.S. federal and state actions in response to climate change
• Highlights from the International Bar Association’s Climate Change Justice and Human Rights Task Force Report.
• The role of voluntary markets
Participants will be invited to reflect on the 2nd November WP-STAT meeting outcomes and implications for future reporting, including:
What supplementary guidance material and tools could be made available to support the application of the Rio markers?
Should an online user-friendly format for the guidance table be developed?
In the context of continual developments across the international community on climate finance definitions, is there need for further harmonisation?
Overview and Information on the PCGB - Ronnie Downes, OECDOECD Governance
This presentation was made by Ronnie Downes, OECD, at the Paris Collaborative on Green Budgeting - Introductory Workshop on Green Budgeting Tools held at the OECD, Paris, on 22 May 2018
Oscar lepton su arıtma cihazı Estetik dizayn 5 Aşamalı filtre grubu 12 Litre tank kapasitesi Özel tasarım filtre grubu Otomatik sistem Kolay bakım, güvenli kullanım Faydalı model belgeli Tankı dışında kabinli model
Overview and Information on the PCGB - Ronnie Downes, OECDOECD Governance
This presentation was made by Ronnie Downes, OECD, at the Paris Collaborative on Green Budgeting - Introductory Workshop on Green Budgeting Tools held at the OECD, Paris, on 22 May 2018
Oscar lepton su arıtma cihazı Estetik dizayn 5 Aşamalı filtre grubu 12 Litre tank kapasitesi Özel tasarım filtre grubu Otomatik sistem Kolay bakım, güvenli kullanım Faydalı model belgeli Tankı dışında kabinli model
Re engagement email the divine jackfruitKevin George
Subscribers are a really important part of an email marketer’s life. But what if they stop responding and become unengaged to your services? “Re-engagement Email- the Divine Jackfruit” acts as an elixir that helps in bringing life to your dead email list.
http://www.watersportscamps-spain.com
Spanish Program + Sailing Camp or Windsurfing Camp for Juniors in Spain, Summer 2009: Sailing Training Camp or Windsurfing instruction in a Sea School in Alicante Spain.
2 or 4 week Spanish courses plus Sailing
or/and Windsurfing in a Summer Camp
with Spanish teens in July and August in
Alicante.
Spanish and Water Sports for teenagers
and youth students aged 14 to 17, combine Spanish language courses with Sailing or Windsurfing, plus excursions and trips.
Presentación Competencias Ejecutivas New Horizons PerúNew Horizons Perú
Para poder ejercer las funciones y roles propios de la gerencia, un profesional debe poseer ciertas habilidades. En New Horizons Perú nos ocupamos de desarrollar sus habilidades blandas ó competencias ejecutivas para el desempeño exitoso de sus funciones. Estas competencias son los atributos o capacidades que le permitirán desempeñarse en su trabajo de manera eficiente. Las habilidades blandas son innatas, sin embargo; todas las personas tenemos la capacidad de desarrollarlas con un entrenamiento adecuado.
Las competencias son las características subyacentes de la persona, que están relacionadas con una correcta actuación en su puesto de trabajo y que pueden basarse en la motivación, los rasgos de carácter, en el concepto de sí mismo, en actitudes o valores, en una variedad de conocimientos o capacidades cognoscitivas o de conducta. En definitiva se trata de cualquier característica individual que se pueda medir de modo fiable y cuya relación con la actuación en el puesto de trabajo sea demostrable.
Mosuoe Letuma, Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and water affairs: Capacity de...NAPExpo 2014
Mosuoe Letuma, Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and water affairs: Capacity development plan for adaptation to climate variability and change in Lesotho
Net Zero Governance - The case of KoreaESD UNU-IAS
"Net Zero Governance - The case of Korea", presented by Dr. Hanna Kang (Green Technology Center Korea) at the 2022 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme, 6 December, 2022.
Current Status of National Adaptation Plan Process in CambodiaNAP Global Network
Presentation by Dr. HENG Chan Thoeun, Deputy Director of Climate Change Department, General Secretariat of the National Council For Sustainable Development.
This presentation took place at at our Targeted Topics Forum (TTF) on the theme of “High-Level Political Support and Sectoral Integration of Adaptation” in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, from September 21-23, 2016.
Monitoring and evaluation of adaptation: An approach from Mexico | Gloria Cue...NAP Global Network
Presentation by representatives from SEMARNAT, Mexico, as part of the NAP Global Network's Targeted Topics Forum on “Troubleshooting for NAP implementation and building support for the NAP process through strategic communications” held in Stone Town, United Republic of Tanzania, in February 2019.
Green budgeting - Andrew Blazey, OECD Secretariat,OECD Governance
This presentation was made by Andrew Blazey, OECD Secretariat, at the 14th OECD-Asian Senior Budget Officials Meeting held in Bangkok, Thailand, on 13-14 December 2018
México es líder internacional en la formulación de leyes, políticas y programas para apoyar la transición hacia una economía con bajas emisiones de carbono. Hace poco el país aprobó una Ley General sobre el Cambio Climático y está implementando una estrategia a largo plazo para hacer frente a este tema, además de aplicar un enfoque para la participación de múltiples interesados en el desarrollo de un marco
institucional de Medición, Reporte y Verificación (MRV) que apoye las Acciones Apropiadas de Mitigación a Nivel Nacional (NAMA) y la Estrategia de Desarrollo Bajo en Emisiones (LEDS).
El marco institucional de actividades de MRV que está en proceso de implementación va más allá de la mera cuantificación de la reducción de las emisiones. Incluye además un conjunto de medidas, sistemas y registros para evaluar las políticas, fortalecer las instituciones y, en última instancia, apoyar la toma de decisiones. En la actualidad, el marco de MRV en México consta de diversos mecanismos, incluidas leyes,
normas de notificación y metodologías de estimación y coordinación entre las diferentes instituciones del sector público y privado.
Estos mecanismos se encuentran en un proceso de desarrollo y mejoramiento constante y hoy son un buen ejemplo del avance logrado en la consecución de un marco nacional integrado de Medición, Reporte y Verificación.
Global Environment Facility Sustainable Cities Integrated Approach Pilot (IAP):
A common platform to help build sustainable cities
Tool #1: Common metrics and consistent terminology
Tool #2: Quantifying energy and material flows through urban metabolism assessments:
Tool #3: Identification of a hierarchy of urban management that prioritizes service provision, increasing resilience and decreasing emissions and environmental impact:
Tool #4: Identification and analysis of local and global system boundaries
How urban design has been taken into consideration when it comes to quality of life.
Ideas and forces that have shaped Mexico City
Cities are the perfect scenario for drastically changing and improving quality of life, by introducing cleaner energy and transportation systems, whilst tackling climate change.
Las externalidades ambientales y sociales generan daños y/o beneficios económicamente cuantificables a la sociedad. Si los costos externos de generación de electricidad fueran internalizados (CO2), México podría tener un parque de generación eléctrica más amigable con el medio ambiente y la salud pública.
El cambio climático presenta una importante oportunidad para cambiar la planeación de la infraestructura de largo plazo. Transporte, equipamiento público, y energía de bajas emisiones pueden ser alternativas rentables modificando los modelos de negocios, y accediendo a los vehículos financieros correctos, que reconozcan los costos incrementales (TIR) y de acceso a capital (WACC).
Waste management is typically viewed as a
resource intensive activity. Yet some urban
areas in Latin America have managed to
turn this idea on its head by converting
waste into energy and profit to tackle climate change. Case studies are described for Monterrey, Mexico, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and Maldonado, Uruguay.
La gestión de residuos es típicamente vista como una
actividad que consume muchos recursos. Sin embargo, algunos zonas urbanas de América Latina han logrado
convertir esta idea mediante la conversión
de residuos en energía y beneficios económicos para la ciudad, como un mejor alumbrado público, bombeo de agua, y sistemas de transporte masivo, como el metro, generando sinergias en la lucha contra el cambio climático. Se presentan los casos de Monterrey, México, Sao Paulo, Brasil, y Maldonado, Uruguay.
Mexico: A Competitive Platform for Clean Energy Projects. Resulting from the approval of the General Climate Change Law (2012) in Mexico, an internal emission trading system is planned, possibly linked to other international initiatives, as a tool for the country to
achieve its goal of reducing carbon dioxide (CO2eq) emissions by 30% in 2020 and by 50% in 2050.
This article was first published at: Negocios ProMéxico | 14 May 2013 in Guest Opinion
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
2. 2
Mexico
Building a comprehensive national MRV framework
Global Good Practice Analysis on LEDS, NAMAs and MRV2
In 2000 Mexico launched its first National Climate Action Strategy (updated in 2013 after the completion
of an innovative federal Climate Change Special Programme 2009–2012), followed by a national pledge
to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 30 % by 2020, and 50 % by 2050. This pledge was announced in
2010 by President Calderon at UNFCCC-COP16 in Cancun, and triggered action and policy-making not
only at the federal level, but also at the state and municipal level.
The first milestone towards building an institutional MRV framework in Mexico was the introduction of
the voluntary GHG reporting programme from the private sector in 2004, using the World Resources
Institute’s GHG Protocol. This programme and the data and information it generated then helped to com-
moditise GHG emissions through Mexico’s engagement with the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
In 2007 the National Development Plan included a set of objectives related to climate change, which
were further developed in the national strategy on climate change. A more comprehensive approach was
taken with the Climate Change Special Programme 2009–2012 (PECC), which required federal entities
to use indicators to assess progress, not only in terms of emission reductions, but also in how policy, pro-
grammes and projects were implemented. The main impact of including a set of indicators as a milestone
of the MRV institutional framework is that this allowed the Ministry of Environment (SEMARNAT) to
assess progress, and more importantly, correct and improve policy to re-align goals with activities under
this programme.
Climate policy has resulted in the development of several NAMA proposals, and an updated National
Climate Change Strategy with a long-term view to the next ten, twenty and forty years. Together with this
strategy, Mexico has built on the experience and capacity created under the Clean Development Mech-
anism (CDM) to introduce the concept of NAMAs in different sectors, accompanied by an evolving MRV
institutional framework.
»» General Law on Climate Change (GLCC): The 2012 General Law gave a mandate to federal government
to develop long-term climate change policy using impact and effectiveness indicators to facilitate eval-
uation and focus on results. Indicators had already been developed for the Crosscutting Agenda Infor-
mation System (SIAT-PECC) supporting the PECC (2009–12), a web-based tool that tracks progress of
activities under this programme. This progress is not only reviewed by SEMARNAT, but it is reported
to the President’s Office every other month, resulting in several ministries enacting programmes and
projects to comply with top-level official mandates, and ultimately PECC’s objectives.
»» Establishing an institutional framework: As a relatively new area of activity with little international ex-
perience to draw on, Mexico and its international partners are undertaking a rapid learning-by-doing
process that aims to establish a long-term MRV institutional framework according to domestic needs
and capacities (see figure below). The current focus is on tracking policy and emissions (quantification
of co-benefits to follow) with focussing on the establishment and implementation of the following:
»» Climate Change National Strategy: Mandated by the Climate Change General Law, this is the long-
term vision published in 2013. One of its 6 pillars requires the development of tools for Measurement,
Reporting and Verification, and Monitoring and Evaluation to ensure environmental integrity, compa-
rability, consistency, transparency and accuracy of data to support the achievement of the national
adaptation and mitigation policy objectives.
»» Climate Change Special Programme 2013–2018: This programme includes objectives, strategies, ac-
tions and goals for the federal government in tackling climate change. This is the 2nd
edition, and it
has been improved in the use of indicators and parameters that support the SIAT-PECC, a tracking
progress system of this plan, not only in terms of emissions, but also in terms of institutional activities.
It was published in April 2014.
Background
Activities
3. Mexico
Building a comprehensive national MRV framework
www.mitigationpartnership.net/gpa 3
»» National Emissions Registry (NER): This registry will consider all industrial and mobile sources, ac-
cording to reporting thresholds and other parameters currently under discussion. A first take around
volume is that installations with emissions higher than 25,000 tons of CO2
e/a will need to report
emissions to the NER. It will be hosted at the INECC, and it is expected to be fully functional in 2015,
with verification every 3 years.
Inter-Ministerial Commission on Climate Change (CICC); Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources
(SEMARNAT); National Institute of Ecology and Climate Change (INECC); Commission on Private Sector
Studies for Sustainable Development (CESPEDES).
Global Environment Facility (GEF), Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Inter-
American Development Bank (IADB), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and USAID.
The MRV institutional framework has long been financed through the Mexican Federal Government. How-
ever, several of the estimation methodologies, instruments, processes and policy design, particularly as
they are related to LEDS and NAMAs, are funded with resources from international sources. Donors in-
clude the Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, the European Union, the German Federal
Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) through its
International Climate Initiative (IKI), IADB, KfW, UNDP, USAID, and World Bank. Several donors are keen
to work with the country, as Mexico’s development of an MRV framework makes it easier to track impact,
making technical cooperation financing relatively more attractive than in other countries.
Institutions involved
Cooperation with
Finance
General
Climate
Change
Law
(2012)
Inter-ministerial Commission
on Climate Change
Climate Change Council
National Institute for Ecology
and Climate Change
States and Municipalities
Congress
EmissionsReductions
Reporting
National Communications and BURs
National Emissions Registry
Local Climate Change Programs
Website of National Information System
PECC’s electronic monitoring system
National Emissions Registry
(voluntary report of reductions)
Domestic and international NAMA registry
Verification
International Assessment
National Verification Entities
Evaluation Committee*
National Verification Entities
Measurement
National Emissions Inventory
National Emissions Registry
Local Inventories
National Information System
Monitoring system of the Special
Climate Change Program (PECC)
National Emissions Registry
(voluntary report of reductions)
Domestic NAMA registry
REDD+ National Strategy with
MRV scheme
* Policy Evaluation: Adaption policy reviewed and updated at least every 6 years. Mitigation policy reviewed and updated at least every 10 years.
Source: Semarnat (2014) Mexican Climate Change Law and Policy. March 2014. Presentation by Mónica Echegoyen López, Director for Global
Environmental Policy.
Policy InstitutionsPolicy Instruments
Mexican MRV Framework
National
National Climate Change Strategy
(10-20-40 years route)
Federal
Special Climate Change Program
(every 6 year presidential term)
Local
Local Climate Change Programs
(every 6 year local administrations)
National
Climate
Change
System
4. 4
Mexico
Building a comprehensive national MRV framework
Global Good Practice Analysis on LEDS, NAMAs and MRV4
»» Enhanced institutional capacity: The main impact of developing an MRV institutional framework is
that decision-making is being backed up by data that confirms policy effectiveness. In turn, this has
attracted resources from international donors, as they can better track impact and progress. These
additional resources have resulted in the enhancement of institutional capacity, within and outside
the government.
»» Reduced burden to regulated entities: An MRV system is a key component of climate policy, and as
such, Mexico, particularly working together with the private sector, has introduced MRV right from
the beginning of policy design, with the aim of reducing negative impacts and burdens to regulated
entities.
»» Low-carbon supply chain: Nowadays, several participants in the GHG Programme, according to their
internal voluntary commitments, use the MRV institutional framework to reduce emissions and extend
this voluntary participation to their supply chain, using the GHG Programme guidelines. The GHG Pro-
gramme is now advocating simplified reporting, to include GHG emissions and other environmental and
social responsibility commitments, so to minimise compliance costs and burdens, as well as the need to
file multiple reports, including those associated with financing low carbon and clean energy projects.
»» Long-term framework: MRV is developing broader utility not only for tracking emissions, but also
helping inform policy design and evaluation across the board. It is being used as a tool to evaluate
the Climate Change Special Programme (PECC), and to better define measures and methodologies to
assess the impact of emission reductions and policy development
»» The case is good practice as the country recognised the need of a set of coordinating mechanisms to
comply with the high-level goal of fighting climate change. At the same time, defining and imple-
menting an MRV institutional framework has changed the policy-making process, as now it requires
the use of indicators and tracking systems that allow continuous follow-up, as well as the possibility of
verifying achievement of expected results and making corrections when diversions occur. Furthermore,
the MRV framework provides additional transparency and quantification of impacts on how money is
being used from both domestic and international resources.
»» The institutional framework is also good practice, as it was backed and mandated by the President’s
office to track progress. This is particularly important, as climate change is still a contentious issue and
focusing on results is key in developing effective climate policy.
»» Further, the MRV case of Mexico is good practice as the country has managed to build the pillars of a
long-term transformational way to implement policy, mainstreaming the need for performance indica-
tors, evaluation methods, and compliance with the GLCC.
»» Climate change general law: The most important factors for success in developing the MRV framework
are two-fold. First, the Climate Change General Law requires that MRV be part of any policy or pro-
gramme that relates to climate change policy. Second, NAMAs are the climate strategy of choice in
Mexico, and conceptually, they require that MRV be fully integrated right from the beginning of the
policy consultation.
»» High-level political support: As a high political priority for the country, climate change activity is sup-
ported by a strong mandate and effective coordinating mechanisms among a number of key ministries.
»» Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Programme: This programme is to some extent a legacy of the CDM in Mex-
ico, and it was the first programme to start reporting emissions on a voluntary basis. The programme
is quite effective because it is voluntary, free, and recognised by government. This programme has
Impact of activities
Why is it good practice
Success factors
5. Mexico
Building a comprehensive national MRV framework
www.mitigationpartnership.net/gpa 5
evolved from reporting, to the identification of emission reduction opportunities, to its current status
of verification of emission reductions within the private sector, while creating synergies and reducing
reporting costs. To see this in context, the first expected period for verification in Mexico is in 2015.
Thus, no other single installation, under other programmes, neither public nor private, has been veri-
fied, except from the CDM context.
What were the main barriers/challenges to delivery?
How were these barriers/challenges overcome?
Resources are too limited to reach the whole country, and are concentrated in the larger cities.
Key players are considering using remote systems to perform training relevant to the local context.
There is a need for additional capacity on MRV at all levels, including federal organizations, ministries,
states and municipalities, as well as the private sector and civil society.
A first approach to address this challenge has been through the free GHG Programme, where capacities
are being outsourced. However stakeholders agree that this approach is not sustainable in the long-run.
Regarding the public sector, there is a challenge in increasing domestic and internal capacity related to
climate change. An alternative is to outsource the implementation of different elements of the MRV insti-
tutional framework, particularly in the verification process, similarly to the CDM validation and verification
process.
The country lacks the financial resources needed to comply with the high international expectations of
an MRV framework.
Voluntary programmes are being funded by the private sector and the international community. However,
there is a tremendous challenge on using a voluntary programme to address an issue that creates addi-
tional burdens and costs to regulated entities. There is a need to inform the private sector how MRV can
be used for their own benefit.
Reporting methods have relied on independent, isolated and non-verifiable information systems.
Mexico is taking steps to improve reporting through electronic platforms and available GHG estimation
methodologies in Spanish, whilst also introducing verification and auditable processes.
Information across ministries, public and private sector, and civil society organisations does not flow naturally.
SEMARNAT, together with its partners, have helped in communicating the benefits of using MRV, and
particularly how MRV can be used for better decision-making by other ministries.
Despite the growth of international support, domestic institutions have not been able to cope with the
technical and administrative challenges of an MRV framework at the national level.
Several efforts have been accomplished by creating temporary outsourced capacities, funded by donors.
However, these capacities are temporary and end up diluted due to limited continuity in processes, and
outsourcing tends to be expensive. With the approval of the GLCC, it is expected that institutional capac-
ities will be enhanced within the public and private sectors.
Timing has not been considered fully in policy development and regulation design when it comes to policy
implementation. Many elements of the national strategy take longer than expected due to institutional
limitations and financial barriers (most GLCC secondary legislation was due within a year). This has result-
ed in institutions collapsing due to the enormous amount of work set for a simultaneous deadline.
As the GLCC is new, limited resources were used to determine the required technical capacities to assure
proper and timely implementation. The coordinating mechanisms of the Climate Change Commission
(CICC) have been challenged to working better together, in order to perform tasks faster, and to comply
with the timing of the GLCC.
Overcoming barriers/
challenges
Capacity
Financial
Information
Institutional
6. 6
Mexico
Building a comprehensive national MRV framework
Global Good Practice Analysis on LEDS, NAMAs and MRV6
Despite international technical and financial support the lack of a model or blueprint from developed or
developing countries on how to implement an MRV institutional framework, has created the need for a
rapid learning-by-doing process.
Mexico has managed to create and adapt MRV to the local context, capacities and financial resources.
However, there is a challenge to create systematic and comparable reports that are consistent with the
technical discussions at the UNFCCC, while keeping them affordable and relevant domestically.
From the policy perspective, the main challenge associated with developing an MRV institutional frame-
work is in ensuring that it is envisaged as a complete system.
Stakeholders consider that a more incremental approach should be followed. This way, improvements can
be made according to the existing and evolving capacities of the country. As there is no blueprint on how
to develop an MRV framework, there is a challenge and opportunity to learn from developed countries
on how their own MRV frameworks were put in place. Today, SEMARNAT and INECC are setting standards
for monitoring and reporting within the MRV institutional framework. However, there is a need to provide
further incentives to support verification.
There is a CDM culture associated with climate policy that has created discussions on how the MRV should
be, and how it is useful.
SEMARNAT is focusing discussions on how the MRV could be of use, and how it differs from the CDM, so
that it is useful in the context of NAMAs and LEDS, rather than only focusing on access to carbon markets.
CESPEDES is assembling databases, documents, methodologies, among other inputs to facilitate report-
ing, and use it as a tool for improving GHG performance of all installations under the GHG Programme.
Planning and coordination: It is very difficult to implement an MRV framework that has no blueprint, so
investing in planning and coordinating mechanisms for how the MRV will work is key in order to avoid
duplication of reporting, improve comparability, and assure data quality. No less important, is that with an
MRV framework, it is easier for stakeholders (including donors) to track impacts.
»» Methodologies and approaches were not agreed at the beginning of policy development and imple-
mentation: This resulted in data and models that now use different approaches (top-down vs. bot-
tom-up), that rely on different information, and ultimately create more uncertainty about the results
of climate change policy, and the identification of opportunities for emission reductions.
»» Blending of national and international resources: This is required in a way that these can be partially
absorbed into the national institutional framework, to make MRV a continuous process.
»» Evaluate and revise existing MRV approaches and technical capacity: For example, technical capacities
developed to support CDM delivery, which many stakeholders saw as the prevailing MRV framework
in Mexico.
»» Creating and enhancing coordinating mechanisms: Helps to avoid duplication right from the beginning
of policy design, and improve it through development and implementation. These coordinating mech-
anisms will be key for policy evaluation.
»» Legislative mandate: The Climate Change General Law eliminated or reduced several barriers for the
implementation of a more robust and comprehensive framework. Having a general law creates institu-
tional frameworks that help in reaching consensus, and assure better policy-making.
Lessons learned
How to replicate
this practice
7. Mexico
Building a comprehensive national MRV framework
www.mitigationpartnership.net/gpa 7
»» Provide reporting and estimation methodologies in appropriate, local language: Using a simplified
language that facilitates reporting through tools, and available web-based support documents. Assure
that regulated entities fully understand how their information will be used, and what quality assurance
process it will follow before verification.
»» Internalise MRV capacities into existing institutions: In order to become part of ministries and create
a continuous process of improvement, of both the MRV as a system, and policy-making in general.
Start incrementally, in small strides, as the MRV framework is for the long run. Prioritise sectors, and
use existing capacities.
»» Show from the start how MRV is useful, and how institutions and regulated entities could benefit from
it: MRV can be used as a tool to calculate carbon footprint and emission reduction opportunities, as
well as costs and savings, that can later be monetised in future carbon market mechanisms. MRV can
be seen as a tool to improve a more integrated approach to policy evaluation, rather than meeting only
climate policy criteria.
»» Monica Echegoyen, Climate Change Director, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mexico,
monica.echegoyen@semarnat.gob.mx
»» Presidencia de la República. (2012). Desarrollo Sustentable. Accessed on March 7, 2014.
Available at: http://calderon.presidencia.gob.mx/informe/sexto/sustentabilidad_ambiental.html
»» SEMARNAT. (2009). Programa Especial de Cambio Climático. Accessed on February 14, 2014.
Available at: http://gia.imta.mx/geoportal/docs/PECC.pdf
»» CÁMARA DE DIPUTADOS. (2012). Ley General de Cambio Climático. México. Accessed on
February 14, 2014. Available at: www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/LGCC.pdf
»» SEMARNAT. (2013). Estrategia Nacional de Cambio Climático. Accessed on February 14, 2014.
Available at: www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle_popup.php?codigo=5301093
»» GIZ. (2013). Evaluación del Programa Especial de Cambio Climático. Accessed on February 14, 2014.
Available at: http://imco.org.mx/wp-content/uploads/2013/2/studie_2_pecc_web_ok4.pdf
»» COMISIÓN INTERSECRETARIAL DE CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO, (2012), Informe de Avances del Programa
Especial de Cambio Climático 2009–2012. Accessed on February 14, 2014. Available at:
www.conagua.gob.mx/conagua07/contenido/documentos/pecc12.pdf
»» CESPEDES GHG Voluntary Programme website: www.geimexico.org/
»» Instituto Nacional de Ecología y Cambio Climático. www.inecc.gob.mx/
Enrique Rebolledo (Bajo Carbono)
Edited by: Nicholas Harrison (Ecofys)
Editorial support: Ana María Majano and María José Gutiérrez (INCAE); Frauke Röser, Thomas Day,
Daniel Lafond, Niklas Höhne and Katja Eisbrenner (Ecofys).
Coordination by: Ecofys www.ecofys.com and CLACDS, INCAE Business School
»» Jakob Graichen, Principal advisor on mitigation, MRV and transport, GIZ
»» Luisa Manzanares, GHG Voluntary Programme Manager, CESPEDES
»» Monica Echegoyen, Climate Change Director, Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Mexico.
»» Enrique Rebolledo, Senior Economist, Bajo Carbono Inc
Contact for enquiries
Further key resources
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Case study author(s)
Case study contributor(s)