Methylphenidates are stimulant drugs used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It works by changing levels of substances in the brain like dopamine and norepinephrine. This helps increase focus, attention, and control behavior. Methylphenidates come in both immediate and extended release forms. They are generally taken orally but can also be administered via injection. Nurses must carefully monitor patients taking methylphenidates and watch for side effects like insomnia, headaches, and appetite/weight changes.

1. METHYLPHENIDATES
PREPARED BY:-
MR.SUBIN RAJ R
ASST,PROFESSOR
MHN DEPARTMENT,RCN

2. Methylphenidates is used to treat in
children attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD) narcolepsy, ADD.It
works by changing the amount of certain
natural substances in the brain. It helps
to increase your ability to pay attention,
stay focused on an activity, and control
behavior problems.
INTRODUCTIONS

3. CLASSIFICATION
Stimulant drugs
• Methylphenidate
Dextroamphetamines
Non stimulants drugs
• Atomoxetine HCL
• Bupropion
• Venlafaxine
• Clonidine

4. The
structure
Generic name:-
Ritalina, Ritaline,
Methylin, Rubifen
Trade name:-
Concreta, Concreta
XL, Metadate CD

5. DOSAGEADHD
Upto 2mg/kg/day
In children 6yrs age max
dose 60mg/day
Adults: 20- 30mg/day
Max dose 40- 60mg/day
NARCOLEPSY
20 to 60mg/day
In 2-3divided dose

6. Route of administration
 Orally
 IM

7. Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:- absorbed from GI
Distribution:- in blood57% to plasma protein
Metabolism:-- metabolised in hepatically
Elimination:- 78% to 97% excreted in urine
1%to 3% excreted inin feces
Half life:-2 to 3hr

8. STRENGTH
Capsule ( Ritalin HCL 5 mg
Ritalin LA10mg Ritalin LA
20 mg
Tablets
Methylphenidate HCL 36mg
Ritalin HCL10mg
Concerta 15mg
Injectable methylprednisolone
acetate80mg/ml 1 ml single dose , 40mg/ml
for IM ONLY

9. Mechanisms of action
Sympathomimetics cause the stimulation of
alpha and beta Adrenergic receptors
directly as agonist and indirectly by
stimulating the release of dopamine and
Norepinephrine from Presynaptic terminal.
Dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate
are also inhibitors of catecholamine
reuptake, especially dopamine reuptake
and inhibitors of monoamino oxidase.

10. INDICATION
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Narcolepsy
Depressive disorder
Obesity

11. Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to drug
History of marked anxiety
Agitation
Severe anxiety
Psychosis
Major depression
Suicidal ideation
Glaucoma

12. Side effects
Insomnia or nightmares
Headache
Dizziness
Tremor
Anorexia or dyspepsia
Abdominal pain
Weight loss
Slowed growth
Dysphoric mood

13. NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
 Check the physician's order,when the drugs is
given,and age of the patient.
 Check the nurses record for the time of last
dose given.
 Assess patient condition with periodic drug
free periods during prolonged therapy.
 Assess mental status for change in mood,level
of activity,degree of stimulation and
aggressiveness.

14. CONT....
 Monitor BP and Pulse at appropriate
intervals
 Ensure the patient is protect from
injury.
 Check height and weight at least 2 or 3
times weekly in children, Failure to gain
either should be reported to physician.
 Do not breast feed while taking this
drug without consulting physician.