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Metals with Properties and Uses
- 1. Metals Properties Uses Lithium Li -From lithusorstone.The lightestof all metals.Lithium carbonate theraphyhas become standardtreatment for manicdepression. - Lubricants,Dry cells, Storage Batteries,Glass and Pharmaceuticals Sodium Na - From sodaand natrium. Sodiumisa necessary constituentof plantand animal tissue.Pure sodiumis poisonousandisvery corrosive. - Salt,Soda,Glass,Metal Purifier,Soap,Paper, Textile Potassium K - From potashand kalium.A constituentof all plantand animal tissue aswell asof fertile soil.Itisthe lightest knownmetal. - Fertilizers,Heattransfer agent,“strike anywhere” matches,Fireworks, Explosives Francium Fr - From france.The heaviestof the alkali metalsandthe most electropositive element. Franciumhas neveractually beenseensince itisshort- livedproductof the decay. Scandium Sc - From Scandinavia;sometimes regardedas one of the rare elements.Ithasthe propertiesthehresemble those of the elementboron. - Spacecraftmaterials,High intensitylights,Tracing agentfor refinery Vanadium V - From vanadis,aScandinavian Goddess.Itis soft,ductile, silve- graymetal.Itisnever foundinthe pure state,but occurs incombinationwith variousminerals. - Highstrengthtools, Ceramics,Superconductor magnet,Bondingagent Manganese Mn - From magnes,ormagnets.It ishard and verybrittle, difficulttofuse,buteasyto oxidize.Also,itisessential in bone development. - Steel forrail stitches, alloys,Paintdryer,Dry cells,Medicine oxidizer Calcium Ca - From calx or lime.Calciumis ductile andmalleablemetal; whenexposedtoairitrapidly tarnishto yellow.Itreacts violentlywithwater;forming the hydroxide andrealesing hydrogen.Essential forteeth - Plasterof parts, Deodorizer,Batteries, Toothppaste,Medicine, Polandcement
- 2. and bone development. Barium Ba -From barys,heavyor dense. A highlyreactive metal. Bariumreacts vigorouslywith waterand rapidlycorrodedby mostair. - Spark plugs,Rubber,Paint, X-ray,Glass, Fireworks,Rat poison Radium Ra - From radiusor ray. Upon exposure toair,the element oxidizesimmediately.Radium emitalpha,beta,andgamma rays. - Radiationsource, Radiotheraphydevice,self- luminouspaint Tantalum Ta - From kingtantalus of Greek mythology.Itisrare,hard, blue gray,lustroustransition metal that ishighlycorrosion resistant. - Cuttingtools,Surgical appliances,Vacuum furnace parts,Capacitors Titanium Ti - From titanof Greek mythology.Pure titaniumin water ibut soluble in concentratedacids.Extremely brittle whencoldbut malleable andductileata low redheat. - Aircraftsengines, Desalinationplants,Paint, Gemstones Chromium Cr - From chroma,or color.It is alsoknownforits lusterwhen polished.Usedasa protective and decorative coatingoncar parts,plumbingfixturesand manyother items,usually appliedbyelectroplating. - Stainlesssteel,Textile mordant,Videotape, Tanningagent,Molds Platinum Pt - From platin,orlittle silver.It issilvery-white,lustrous, ductile andmalleable. Platinumisapreciousmetal, more valuable thangold. - Jewelries,Wires, Crucibles,Lightes, Thermocouple,Jetnozzles Gold Au - From geolo,oryellow andAu fromaurum. It isdense,soft, shinymetal;the most malleable and ductilemetal. Goldhas beenwidelyused throughoutthe worldas a vehicle formonetary exchange. - Jewelries,Coins,Dental works,Photography, Satellite coating Mercury Hg - From mercury,the planet,Hg fromhydrargyrum, or liquid silver.The onlymetal thatis liquidatstandard -Thermometers,Baromaters, Paints,Batteries,Pesticides, Detonatorsflourescent
- 3. conditionfortemperature and pressure. Cobalt Co - Fromkobold,orevil spirit.It has a relative strengthand little ductilityatnormal temprerature andductile at hightemperature.Itis essential toall animals, includinghumans.Itisa key constituentof cobalamin,also knownas vitaminB12. - “Alnico”alloy,Jetturbines, Razor blades, Electroplating Iridium Ir - From iris,orrainbow.A very hard, brittle,silverywhite- metal,itisthe seconddensest element. - Hypodermicneedle, Cruciblesandapparatus, Hardeningagent Tungsten W - From tungsten,or heavy stone.W isfrom wolfram.Itis a steel- graymetal thatis oftenbrittle andhardto work,but if pure,itcan be workedeasily.Ithasthe highestmeltingpoint. - - Lamp filaments, Lubricant,Paint,High speedtools,Space crafts Nibium Nb - From GreekmythologyNiobe, daughterof tantalus.Niobium burnswhen heatedonair, and resiststhe actionsof mostacids. Whencooledto almostzeroit acts as a superconductor - Weldingrods,Pipeline, Electroplating,Supercondu ctive magnets,Jewelries Beryllium Be - From the mineral beryl,an aluminumberylliumilicate. Althoughberylliumproducts ar safe to use and handle,the fumesanddustsreleased duringfabricationare highly toxic. - Computers,Lasers,Watch spring,Space shuttle parts, Weldingelectrodes,X-ray tubes,Television