Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
MEETING 12_ICE 3A.pdf to cite or not to cite
1. To cite or not to cite? /
Meeting 12
ICE LEVEL 3 Meeting 12
2. Why should you cite?
• To make your arguments stronger
Try to compare this:
Version 1: Covid-19 is dangerous. Many people have died because of it.
Therefore, we need to be wary of the virus.
to this:
Version 2: Covid-19 is dangerous. Many people have died because of it.
According to WHO, there have been around 3.000.000 deaths as of April
2021. Therefore, we need to be wary of the virus.
• Help your readers to find the original sources
• To avoid plagiarism
3. When should you cite? Follow this chart!
Source: https://researchguides.uoregon.edu/
4. Check your understanding: Should I cite…
1. My friend’s opinion?
2. “The sun rises in the east.”?
3. Government data: 30% of the population received the 1st vaccine
dose ?
4. My own opinion ?
5. Check your understanding: Should I cite…
1. My friend’s opinion? YES
2. “The sun rises in the east.”? NO
3. Government data: 30% of the population received the 1st vaccine
dose ? YES
4. My own opinion ? NO
6. “Who” should you cite?
Try to find sources that are RELIABLE:
- Find websites with strong authority (usually .edu, .ac.uk, .ac.id, etc)
- Avoid xxxx.blogspot.com, xxxx.wordpress.com, and other sources that
are questionable
- Check the year of publication (is it recent or outdated?)
- Check the author’s credentials
7. Check your understanding: Should I cite
information from…
• Wikipedia?
• okedeh.blogspot.com?
• Youtube.com?
8. Check your understanding: Should I cite
information from…
• Wikipedia? NO
• okedeh.blogspot.com? NO
• Youtube.com? It depends
9. How should you cite? (PART 1)
1. Indirectly (Paraphrasing)
- Use this style MOST OF THE TIME
- You can do this by :
a. using “reporting” phrases
b. changing (some of) the words
c. changing the sentence structure (active to passive and vice versa)
Original Source Paraphrasing
Interview with Bejo:
Bejo: “I saw a UFO yesterday.”
Bejo reported that he saw a UFO.
Jokowi’s statement:
“People shouldn’t go back to their
hometowns during Eid holidays,”
According to Jokowi, it is not advisable for
Indonesians to return to their hometowns
during Eid holidays.
10. How should you cite? (part 2)
2. Directly (Quoting)
- Use this style when:
1. The meaning will be LOST if you reword it
2. The original statement uses strong language
- You can do this by adding quotation marks “…….. “
Original Source Direct Quotation
Interview with Bejo:
Bejo: “That experience was terrible and gruesome.”
Bejo said, “The experience was terrible and
gruesome.”
Or
Bejo described his experience as “terrible and
gruesome.”
11. Some Phrases for Citing
• X indicates that . ..
• X asserts that . . .
• X acknowledges that . . .
• X has drawn attention to the
fact that . . .
• X claims that . . .
• As X points out. . .
• As X states,. . .
• According to X,…..
• X declares. . .
• X believes that . . .
• X shows that . . .
• As X indicates. . .
• As X implies. . .
• As X suggests,. . .
• X thinks that . . .
• X addresses. . .
• X mentions ….
Source: https://owl.purdue.edu/
12. Choose the CORRECT paraphrase (INDIRECT
QUOTATION)
Original statement:
UNICEF: 26% of females in Kenya experienced violence as a child.
Paraphrase:
1. UNICEF reported that around a quarter of women in Kenya were
abused during their childhood.
2. UNICEF said, “26% of females in Kenya experienced violence as a
child.”
3. UNICEF said that most females in Kenya experienced violence during
their childhood.
13. Choose the CORRECT paraphrase (INDIRECT
QUOTATION)
Original statement:
UNICEF: 26% of females in Kenya experienced violence as a child.
Paraphrase:
1. UNICEF reported that around a quarter of women in Kenya were
abused during their childhood. (CORRECT)
2. UNICEF said, “26% of females in Kenya experienced violence as a
child.” (INCORRECT→ THIS IS DIRECT QUOTATION)
3. UNICEF said that most females in Kenya experienced violence during
their childhood. (INCORRECT INFORMATION)
14. Choose the INCORRECT (direct) QUOTATION
Original statement:
John: Any forms of violence shouldn’t be tolerated.
Quotation:
1. John stated, “Any forms of violence shouldn’t be tolerated.”
2. John mentioned that all kinds of violence “shouldn’t be
tolerated.”
3. John said “Any forms of violence shouldn’t be tolerated.”
15. Choose the INCORRECT (direct) QUOTATION
Original statement:
John: Any forms of violence shouldn’t be tolerated.
Quotation:
1. John stated, “Any forms of violence shouldn’t be tolerated.”
(CORRECT)
2. John mentioned that all kinds of violence “shouldn’t be
tolerated.” (CORRECT)
3. John said “Any forms of violence shouldn’t be tolerated.”
(INCORRECT, COMMA MISSING AFTER THE WORD “SAID”)
16. In your argumentative essay, where should
you put your citation?
- AFTER you state your opinion, USUALLY in each body paragraph.
- Suggested pattern:
Beginning: Your opinion
Middle: Citation
End: Your opinion
- Example:
Misinformation about COVID-19 via social media or other online sites can cause people’s
fear to get vaccinated (OPINION). A recent study from Imperial College London, showed
that when people were exposed to misinformation there was a 6 percent reduction in
people prepared to accept a vaccine, in both the United States and the United Kingdom
(CITATION/EVIDENCE). Ultimately, reluctance to vaccinate bred by misinformation could
be the decider in reaching sufficient levels of vaccination to overcome this disease. It is
truly a case of life and death (OPINION).
https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2021/04/19/a-pandemic-of-fear-and-misinformation-.html.
17. Check your understanding: Answer True or
False…
- I should support my arguments (opinions) with evidence cited from
other sources.
- It is not plagiarism if I make my essay full of only citations.
- It is acceptable to use mostly direct quotation.
- I should introduce my opinion before giving the data/evidence.
18. Check your understanding: Answer True or
False…
- I should support my arguments (opinions) with evidence cited from
other sources. TRUE
- It is not plagiarism if I make my essay full of only citations. FALSE
- It is acceptable to use mostly direct quotation. FALSE
- I should introduce my opinion before giving the data/evidence. TRUE
20. What are these for?
To make your sentences
flow smoothly
To avoid “childish writing”
Example:
My father is a doctor. He is
strict. He is kind. (CHILDISH)
My father is a doctor. He is
strict, but he is also kind.
(BETTER)
My father is a doctor, and he
is strict. However, he is also
kind.
21. Quiz 4:
• Develop your argumentative OUTLINE into an essay.
• Your essay should consist of:
1. Title
2. Introduction
3. 3 body paragraphs
4. Conclusion
5. References (you may use this guide:
https://georgiasouthern.libguides.com/c.php?g=834941&p=5961742 The guide is
optional)
• Write your essay in 300-400 words.
• DEADLINE: MONDAY, 16 MAY 2022 at 12 PM (NOON)
• Submit it on e-class / USE GOOGLE DOCS (docs.google.com)
• PLAGIARISM WILL BE MARKED 0 EVEN IF IT IS JUST PART OF
YOUR ESSAY (PARTIAL PLAGIARISM)
