The document discusses the development of plant-based and cultured meat alternatives. It notes that livestock farming is a major cause of greenhouse gas emissions and that some startups are working to develop more sustainable meat alternatives using new technologies. One company discussed is working to create plant-based burgers that are indistinguishable from real meat but that their current version still has room for improvement when tested by the public. The document suggests that these "modern-day alchemists" developing meat alternatives could significantly disrupt the 2 million year tradition of obtaining protein from livestock and potentially generate substantial financial returns.

1. Top
of
the
food
chain
☐ þ
Livestock
farming
is
one
of
the
biggest
causes
of
greenhouse
gas
emissions
☐
Bred
and
killed
for
our
pleasure
☐
this
muscle
has
stem
cells
in
it
☐
The
clock
is
now
ticking
☐
What
we're
looking
for
here
is
the
sizzle,
the
aroma
☐
But
reinventing
the
most
iconic
of
american
foods
is
a
challenge
that
doesn't
faze
Ethan
☐
He's
still
working
on
the
technology
to
scale
up
production
☐
And
there's
some
way
to
go...
☐
He's
about
to
launch
his
new
range
of
ready
meals
☐
Time
for
Ethan
to
showcase
the
new
dishes
☐
He
has
30
years
experience
in
venture
capital
☐
There
was
an
underlying
chemical
flavour,
to
me...
☐
We're
not
there
yet,
so
we're
going
back
to
the
drawing
board
☐
This
is
something
that
would
disrupt
the
way
that
we
get
protein
for
the
last
2
million
years
☐
A
plant
meat
burger
that's
indistinguishable
from
the
real
thing...
☐
Now
simone
and
John
are
testing
its
latest
version
on
the
most
discerning
critic
of
all...
the
public!
☐
The
more
you
try
to
make
a
hamburger,
the
more
appreciative
you
become
of
the
real
thing
☐
The
texture
is
actually
the
same
as
ours,
maybe
the
fibers
are
a
little
bit
coarser
☐
But
it's
clear
some
of
these
modern-­‐day
alchemists
☐
could
be
about
to
make
a
killing
☐
Instructions:
1)
During
the
video:
tick
the
sentences
as
you
hear
them.
2)
Once
we've
viewed
the
video:
in
pairs,
infer
the
meaning
of
the
words
in
bold
from
the
context.
3)
Speaking:
answer
the
following
questions:
-­‐Did
you
get
the
double
entendre
in
about
to
make
a
killing?
-­‐Does
the
prospect
of
stem-­‐cell-­‐based
meat
production
scare
you?
Why/why
not?
-­‐Meat
production
is
admittedly
responsible
for
between
18
and
51%
of
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
does
it
surprise
you?
4)
Group
task:
You've
been
commissioned
by
Beyond
Meat
to
create
and
conduct
a
survey
to
find
out
whether
the
Spanish
market
would
welcome
its
plant-­‐meat
ready
meals.
In
groups
of
3,
write
6-­‐8
questions
in
a
logical
order.
Based
on
the
following
video
by
The
Economist:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RU7ggZbOR6k