In this engineering project, 4 students analyzed the cooling load and annual energy costs for air conditioning a house using the HAP software. Their initial analysis without insulation found a yearly cost of $15,883 to cool loads totaling 6.7 tons. By adding R-14 insulation to exterior walls and interior roof, they were able to reduce the annual costs to $9,184 and lower total cooling loads to 5.2 tons. Duct design and compressor selection were also analyzed to complete the air conditioning system design.

1. 1 | P a g e
Complex Engineering
Problem
Subject: REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
Course Code: ME-302
Section: F
Batch: 2020
Department: Mechanical
Submitted By:
1. Shah Faisal Hameed (ME-20249)
2. Syed Muzammil bin Shahab (ME-20249)
3. AreebAli (ME-20314)
4. Sarim Sajjad (ME-20317)
Topic:
Cooling Load Analysis
Submitted To:
Mr. Anique Azam

2. 2 | P a g e
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to acknowledge Mr. Anique Azam, Mechanical Engineering
Department for his expert guidance and support. He helped us learn and encourage us to
research about a lot of new things from which we will get surely benefit in the future.
Summary:
In this Complex Engineering problem we explored a new software Hourly Analysis Program
abbreviate as HAP. By using this software we performed cooling load analysis in order to
calculate Annual cost and energy requirement for Air Conditioning of our House.

3. 3 | P a g e
1. Floor plan:
Description Of Unconditioned Subspaces:
Neglected spaces: Dimension:
Washroom 1 5’x5’
Washroom 2 5’x5’
Kitchen 5’x5.5’
Zones :
Zone 1 Bedroom 1
Zone 2 Bedroom 2
Zone 3 Drawing room
Zone 4 Lounge
Description Of Other Components:
Components Description
Windows 5’x4’
Doors 4’x6.5’

4. 4 | P a g e
II. Selection of Input Parameters and Operating Schedule:
a. Design values for outdoor summer dry-bulb temperature, mean
coincident wet bulb temperature, and the daily average temperature
range.
Outdoor Summer Dry Bulb
Temperature
100°F
Mean Coincident Wet Bulb
Temperature
82°F
Daily Average Temperature Range 14°F
b. Indoor design temperature (for both occupied and unoccupied cases)
appropriate For the activities to be carried out in the space.
Indoor Design Temperature
(Occupied Space)
75°F
Indoor Design Temperature
(Unoccupied Space)
80°F

5. 5 | P a g e
c. The thickness, density, specific heat, and thermal resistance of all
building Materials that most appropriately suit the construction of walls,
roofs, partitions and Floors of the considered space.
S.No Component Thickness
(in)
Density
(lb/ft²)
Specific
Heat
(BTU/lb/F)
Thermal
Resistance
(hr-ft²F/BTU)
External Wall
1/2in gypsum 0.5 45.0 0.32 0.032051
01 4 in wall 4 38.0 0.20 0.515151
1/2in gypsum 0.5 45.0 0.32 0.032051
Roof
Steel dack 0. 034 489 0.12 0.00011
02 8 in roof 8 38 0.20 0.20202
Board insulation 2 45.0 0.22 6.9440
Partition Wall
03 1/2in gypsum 0.5 45.0 0.32 0.3251
4 in wall 4 38 0.20 1.51515

6. 6 | P a g e

7. 7 | P a g e
d. The glazing, frame, internal shading and external shading type of
windows that most appropriately suit the considered space.
Window Details
Height 5.0
Frame Type A1 without thermal brake
Internal Shade
Type
Drapes open weave type light
Overall Shade
Coefficient
0.887
Glazing Glass Type
Outer Glazing 1/8in grey tint
Glazing 2 1/8in grey tint
Gap Type 1/4in air space
Description
• There are no external shades mounted outside the windows
e. The type of door that most appropriately suit the considered space (if
required).
Door Material Dimensions (SQ/FT)
Ply Wood 4×6.5
Description
• The thickness of the door is 2 in

8. 8 | P a g e
f. The details of overhead lighting, task lighting, electrical equipment and
people. In addition, the operating schedule of each of internal load
should be specified for each subspace.
Description Of People
Subspaces No of People
Bedroom 1 2
Bedroom 2 3
Lounge 5
Drawing Room 5
Description Of Lighting
Subspace No of Bulbs(12 Watts)
Bedroom 1 1
Bedroom 2 1
Lounge 2
Drawing Room 3
Description
• We have designed the operating schedule for 5 people living in a Flat

9. 9 | P a g e
• Since there are 8 people present in Drawing Room on weekends, the
additional 3 people
Are visitors or relatives
• In case of lighting, only overhead lights are present with recess unvented.
And there was
No task lighting and electrical equipment.
• All the Overhead lights are of 12 Watts each
• For operating schedule for each operating load

10. 10 | P a g e
II. Selection of Input Parameters and Operating Schedule:
a. The heat-transfer coefficients for the building components (walls, roofs,
partitions and floors) in each enclosing surface.
COMPONENTS
HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS
(BTU/ hr/𝑓𝑡2/F)
wall 0.315
roof 0.100
partitions 0.350
Windows 0.570
door 0.300

11. 11 | P a g e
IV. Ventilation Requirements;
For ventilation requirement of outside air, select type of each space usage and
report values of CFM from ASHRAE standards.
Sub space Space usage CFM person CFM/ft2
Bed room 1 Hotel: Bedroom/living
room
5 0.06
Bed room 2 Hotel: Bedroom/living
room
5 0.06
Lounge General:Break room 5 0.06
Drawing room Hotel: Lobby/
prefunction
7.5 0.06

12. 12 | P a g e
Infiltration:
For infiltration, I take a value for Air change per hour = 5.
CFM due to infiltration = volume of room * 5
60
Sub space Space usage CFM person CFM/ft2
Bed room 1 Hotel: Bedroom/living
room
110 0.48
Bed room 2 Hotel: Bedroom/living
room
110 1
Lounge General:Break room 174.17 0.92
Drawing room Hotel: Lobby/
prefunction
237.50 0.78

13. 13 | P a g e
V. Selection of Parameters of Air-Conditioning System
Assume the rooms in the selected space will be air-conditioned by one rooftop
unit
Part Description Calculated Values
A Airflow Control Type Constant
B Appropriate Ventilation
Sizing Method
ASHRAE Standard 62.1-
2007
C Damper Leak Rate 5%
E Coil Bypass Factor 0.100
F Supply Fan Type
Configuration
Fan Full load Performance
Value
Forward Curved
Draw Thru
54%
G Type Of Duct System Return Ducted Type
Zone Components
H Diversity Factor Of
Loads
100%
I Terminal Type VAV Box With Reheat

14. 14 | P a g e
Reheat Coil Heat Source Electrical Resistance
J Minimum Airflow 26%
Sizing Data
Part Description Calculated Values
L Safety Factors For Sizing
Cooling Sensible
Cooling Latent
10%
10%

15. 15 | P a g e
VI. Estimation of Cooling Load:
Simulate all the spaces in the designed system and report the cooling load
ZONES COOLING LOAD (TON)
Total Zone 6.7
VII. Energy Requirements and Annual Operational Cost:
Select per unit cost of electricity, simulate and report the overall energy requirement and
annual operational cost of air-conditioning system.
Energy Requirements and Annual Operational Cost
The per unit cost of electricity is approximately 35 rs which is equivalent to 0.13 USD.
Annual Operational Cost
15,883

16. 16 | P a g e
VIII. Cost Saving Solution:
 In order to reduce the annual operating cost of the air conditioning system, we can use
certain insulations on our walls and roof.
 In our HAP Analysis we have used R-14 Board Insulation on our exterior walls and
interior roof having following properties.
INSULATION THICKNESS
(In)
DENSITY
(𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡2)
SPECIFIC HT
(BTU/lb/F)
R-VALUE
(hr-𝑓𝑡2F/BTU)
WEIGHT
(𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡2)
R-14 Board
Insulation
2.000 2.000 0.220 13.888 0.3
After applying Insulation following results are obtained for the reduction of Annual Cost
and Annual Cooling Load Requirement:
Cooling Load Requirements With Insulation:
zone COOLING LOAD (TON)
Zone 1 5.2
Energy Requirements and Annual Operational Cost With Insulation
Annual Operational Cost
9184 $

17. 17 | P a g e
IX. selection of compressor
Also file attach individually:

18. 18 | P a g e
X. Duct design:
We Analyse duct size by McQuary ductsize software.

19. 19 | P a g e

20. 20 | P a g e

21. 21 | P a g e
Conclusion
After performing detailed analysis in HAP in order to calculate annual cost for the Air
Conditioning of our house we can conclude that the Annual Cost is found to be 15,883 USD.
We further found out that by applying Insulation we can decrease our Annual Cost of Air
Conditioning up to 9184 $
REFERENCES
1. ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007
2. www.ke.com.pk (For Per Unit Electricity Estimation)
3. Robert Parsons – 1997 ASHRAE Fundamentals

22. 22 | P a g e
HAP ANALYSIS BEFORE INSULATION:

23. 23 | P a g e

24. 24 | P a g e

25. 25 | P a g e

26. 26 | P a g e
COST ANALYSIS BEFORE INSULATION:

27. 27 | P a g e

28. 28 | P a g e

29. 29 | P a g e
HAP ANALYSIS AFTER INSULATION

30. 30 | P a g e

31. 31 | P a g e

32. 32 | P a g e

33. 33 | P a g e
COST ANALYSIS AFTER INSULATION;

34. 34 | P a g e

35. 35 | P a g e

36. 36 | P a g e
COMPRESSAR: