1. MDRO (Multiple drug-resistant organisms) What You Need to Know UT Southwestern University Hospitals: Infection Control Department
2. What is a Multi-drug Resistant Organism (MDRO)? Multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO’s) are germs which are not killed by many different antibiotics. Illness caused by MDROs cannot easily be cured by commonly used medicines. These germs are easily spread to other people. If a patient becomes sick from a MDRO, they stay longer in the hospital and are at a higher risk of dying.
3. MRSA: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRE : Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Klebsiella Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Enterobacter Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli C. Diff: Clostridium difficile Common MDROs and Their Abbreviations
4. Hands are the culprits MDROs are spread from one person to another on the hands. Hands become soiled when touching the patient to give care or when touching surfaces in the room which the patient or other care givers have touched. When hands are not washed or gown and gloves are not worn in Contact Isolation rooms, the MDRO is more likely to be passed to another patient.
5. WASH YOUR HANDS! Panel A: THE MRSA GREWAFTER NO HAND WASHING, Panel B: AFTER USING ALCOHOL FOAM TO WASH HANDS, NO MRSA GREW Donskey C and Eckstein B. N Engl J Med 2009;360:e3
6. Hand Hygiene Stop the Spread of Germs Hand washing is the single most important way to prevent the spread of disease Use soap and warm water Rub for15 seconds Alcohol-based products Wet hands with foam and rub in 99% kill rate It has a persistent effect, and can continue to kill germs Use 6-8 times before washing with soap & water WASH YOUR HANDS—IT SAVES LIVES!
7. Touching the PATIENT isn’t the only way to get germs on your hand! MDROs live on the surfaces in the room where the patient and other care givers have touched.
8. How to Protect Your Patients, Yourself, and Your Family: Standard Precautions Standard Precautions are good hygiene practices which apply to all patients, whether they have a MDRO or not. Standard Precautions are in effect for all patients, all the time—24 hours/Day, 7 Days/Week. These include: Washing your hands before and after patient contact If coming in contact with body fluids, as needed, wear: Gloves Gown Mask Goggles or face shield
9. How to Protect Your Patients, Yourself, and Your Family: Standard Precautions Throw away used sharps promptly. Any equipment or items in the room which may have been soiled: Clean before using again, or Throw the item away
10. How to Know a Patient Has a MDRO Patients with a known MDRO will be placed in isolation There are 3 types of isolation: Contact Airborne Droplet A sign on the door will alert anyone entering the room of the isolation type
11. Good hand washing is the best way to stop the spread of germs. Contact Precautions may be added to prevent the bugs from being carried from one room to another on equipment or the hands of care givers. Contact Precautions
12. Contact Isolation Precautions A Green Contact Isolation sign will be on the room door. Any PERSON entering the room wears gloves and gown, no matter the reason for entering the room or for how long. This includes all staff and visitors.
13. Contact Isolation Precautions Remove the gloves and gown and wash hands BEFORE leaving the room. Equipment from a Contact Isolation room should be cleaned before being used in the care of another patient.
15. Stop Sign for Clostridium difficile Contact Precautions + Use ONLY soap & water to wash hands
16. Droplet Precautions A Yellow/Orange Droplet Isolation sign will be on the room door. Surgical mask required for staff and visitors Surgical mask for patient if transport out of room required
18. Airborne A Hot Pink Airborne Isolation sign will be on the room door. Negative Pressure Room (318, 319, 426, 566, 567, 718, 719, MSICU - 4 rms) N95 Mask for staff Surgical mask for patient if transport out of room required Duckbill masks for visitors
