Richard and Maurice McDonald founded McDonald's in 1940 in San Bernardino, California. In 1954, businessman Raymond Krok took over the small McDonald's franchise and expanded the menu to include hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken, fries, drinks, and desserts while popularizing the fast food counter service and drive-through models. Over time, McDonald's faced challenges from increased competition from chains like Pizza Hut, KFC, and Burger King as well as social and demographic changes as customers became more health conscious and the youth population declined, forcing McDonald's to adapt its strategies and offerings to remain relevant.