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The effects of shade, altitude and
landscape composition on coffee
pests in East Africa
Mattias Jonsson
Dept. of Ecology/ Centre for Biological Control
Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
Coauthors: Ijala Anthony Raphael, Nina Backlund, Louise Malmberg,
Jeninah Karungi-Tumutegyereize, Samuel Kyamanywa, Barbara Ekbom

World Congress of Agroforestry, New Delhi, 2013-02-12
Acknowledgements

Louise Malmberg & Nina Backlund

Ijala Anthony Raphael
How can we expect agroforestry practices to
influence pests?

+

Agroforestry plantations are more complex than monocultures
reduced pest abundances (Root et al. 1973; Teodoro et al 2009; Karp et al.
2013).

-

Agroforestry plantations may provide alternative habitat and a favorable
envirionment
increased pest abundances (Girma 2000).

+/-

The impact of agroforestry may depend on ecological context (Tscharntke et
al. 2012).
Study 1
Effect of shade at different altitudes
in eastern Uganda

X
Mt Elgon

Altitude (2 levels)

Shade (3 levels)
Shady plantations had highest infestation of
stemborers, especially at low altitudes

White stem borer
(Monochamus leuconotus)

Local shade: **
Prop tree cover: NS
Local shade X prop tree cover : *
Shady plantations had lowest infestations of
coffee berry borer

Coffee berry borer
(Hypothenemus hampei)

Local shade: *
Prop tree cover: NS
Local shade X prop tree cover : NS
Study 2
Effect of shade in landscapes with different cover
of trees in western Kenya

X
Tree cover in landscape
(gradient)

Shade (2 levels)
The effect of local shade level depended on
landscape composition

Lacebugs
Habrochila spp.

Local shade: **
Prop tree cover: NS
Local shade X prop tree cover :
Summary:

Are shade-trees useful for pest control in coffee?
White stemborer

NO – especially not at lower altitudes!

Coffee berry borer

Which pest is
most
important?

YES!
Doesn’t
matter
Lacebugs

What does the
landscape look
like?
NO!
Poster: Agroforestry to improve soil
health and pest management
in the humid-tropics: a meta-analysis
Positive

8

Negative

No effect

7

Number of data points

7

6

5

5

4

4
3
2

2

2

1

1
0
Reduction of pest abundance

Reduction of plant damage

Very few studies have tested the effect on pest control!

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The effects of shade, altitude and landscape composition on coffee pests in East Africa.

  • 1. The effects of shade, altitude and landscape composition on coffee pests in East Africa Mattias Jonsson Dept. of Ecology/ Centre for Biological Control Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden Coauthors: Ijala Anthony Raphael, Nina Backlund, Louise Malmberg, Jeninah Karungi-Tumutegyereize, Samuel Kyamanywa, Barbara Ekbom World Congress of Agroforestry, New Delhi, 2013-02-12
  • 2. Acknowledgements Louise Malmberg & Nina Backlund Ijala Anthony Raphael
  • 3. How can we expect agroforestry practices to influence pests? + Agroforestry plantations are more complex than monocultures reduced pest abundances (Root et al. 1973; Teodoro et al 2009; Karp et al. 2013). - Agroforestry plantations may provide alternative habitat and a favorable envirionment increased pest abundances (Girma 2000). +/- The impact of agroforestry may depend on ecological context (Tscharntke et al. 2012).
  • 4. Study 1 Effect of shade at different altitudes in eastern Uganda X Mt Elgon Altitude (2 levels) Shade (3 levels)
  • 5. Shady plantations had highest infestation of stemborers, especially at low altitudes White stem borer (Monochamus leuconotus) Local shade: ** Prop tree cover: NS Local shade X prop tree cover : *
  • 6. Shady plantations had lowest infestations of coffee berry borer Coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) Local shade: * Prop tree cover: NS Local shade X prop tree cover : NS
  • 7. Study 2 Effect of shade in landscapes with different cover of trees in western Kenya X Tree cover in landscape (gradient) Shade (2 levels)
  • 8. The effect of local shade level depended on landscape composition Lacebugs Habrochila spp. Local shade: ** Prop tree cover: NS Local shade X prop tree cover :
  • 9. Summary: Are shade-trees useful for pest control in coffee? White stemborer NO – especially not at lower altitudes! Coffee berry borer Which pest is most important? YES! Doesn’t matter Lacebugs What does the landscape look like? NO!
  • 10. Poster: Agroforestry to improve soil health and pest management in the humid-tropics: a meta-analysis Positive 8 Negative No effect 7 Number of data points 7 6 5 5 4 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 0 Reduction of pest abundance Reduction of plant damage Very few studies have tested the effect on pest control!