Mathematization is the process of thinking about and representing real-world problems mathematically. It involves identifying the key variables and constraints of a problem, simplifying it, and translating it into a mathematical representation or model. Some important steps in mathematization are formulating the problem mathematically, identifying relevant concepts, converting it into a mathematical problem, solving the problem, and interpreting the mathematical solution back in real-world terms. The document provides examples of mathematization problems and encourages letting students formulate problems themselves in order to change the way learning and assessment is approached.