This document is a group assignment report on understanding Parkinson's disease. It includes an introduction outlining the objective to study awareness of Parkinson's disease among Malaysian females aged 21-25 and 26-30 through surveys. It describes Parkinson's disease as a progressive nervous system disorder causing slow deterioration of dopamine-producing brain cells. The conclusion finds most young females have little knowledge of Parkinson's disease and the assignment helped the group gain understanding while learning statistical analysis and presentation skills. It hopes to increase awareness of the disease through the study.
Is Parkinson's disease wrongly diagnosed in India? and Globally too...?
Most of the time the patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, clinically do not have Parkinson's, the history is not taken properly and just on the superficial motor symptoms Parkinson's disease diagnosis done in 15 to 20 mins. They are put on heavy medication which is rejected by the Brain,
causing more harm to the systems...
...the so-called Parkinson's patient visited us seemed to have chronic spinal cord problems clearly observed in the Spine MRI, with clear Brain MRI and accordingly treated with 'BrainNext" tools, noticed positive improvement just
in weeks..case studies to be published soon...
ABSTRACT
Background: Insomnia consists of a predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with either duration or quality of sleep. Difficulties with sleep are recurrent, occur despite adequate opportunities for sleep, and are associated with impairment of daytime functioning. An increased prevalence of insomnia is associated with older age but the exact prevalence in elderly is unknown. The most common comorbidities are psychiatric illness and sleep disordered breathing (SDB). SDB is a term used to describe a spectrum of respiratory disturbances that occur during sleep, such as obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). OSAHS is an important medical condition presumably underdiagnosed in the elderly population. The main two symptoms of this SDB are snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness, both in younger as in older patients. Currently, the diagnosis of OSAHS is still based on the combination of characteristic clinical features and the objective findings of polysomnography. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) and the STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tired, Observed, blood Pressure, BMI, Age, Neck circumference, Gender) are questionnaires that have been developed to objectify insomnia, sleep quality and OSAHS respectively.
Objective: The goal of this study is to estimate the prevalence of OSAHS in the population older than 75. Moreover we want to canvass the validity of several questionnaires used to objectify the sleeping quality and assess the possibility of OSAHS.
Methods: In this convenience sample, patients older than 75 visiting four general practitioner (GP) offices were asked for their sleeping pattern by one screening question: ‘How would you describe your sleeping pattern?’. If they reported a dissatisfying sleep, they were offered to fill in the ISI. The patients who attained an ISI-score of eight points or more were considered positive for insomnia and were included in this pilot study. These patients were asked to undergo a sleep evaluation with the Brizzy® portable monitor. Furthermore they were asked to fill in the ESS, the PSQI, the BQ and the STOP-BANG questionnaire.
Results: In our pilot study a total of 73 patients completed the ISI, of which 31 patients tested positive for insomnia. 24 patients were subjected to the Brizzy® analysis. 21 out of these 24 cases got a new diagnosis of OSAHS. Two subjects were considered negative for OSAHS and one patient was diagnosed as a snorer. The ESS and the STOP-BANG questionnaire seemed to have the greatest sensitivity and specificity among the several questionnaires used, objectifying sleep quality and assessing the presence of OSAHS consecutively.
Conclusion: This pilot study confirmed the present underdiagnosis of OSAHS in elderly patients, described by earlier studies. The ESS and the STOP-Bang questionnaire seemed to be the most adequate questionnaires among those used in th
I have gained a lot of knowledge from this marvellous Nervous System course. Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, is one of the common neurological disorders. Since I have been working as a remedial massage therapist, most of my patients are unhealthy and stressed. The desire to understand the cause and mechanism of these symptoms has inspired me to study more about neuroscience. This course had changed my life forever.
Is Parkinson's disease wrongly diagnosed in India? and Globally too...?
Most of the time the patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, clinically do not have Parkinson's, the history is not taken properly and just on the superficial motor symptoms Parkinson's disease diagnosis done in 15 to 20 mins. They are put on heavy medication which is rejected by the Brain,
causing more harm to the systems...
...the so-called Parkinson's patient visited us seemed to have chronic spinal cord problems clearly observed in the Spine MRI, with clear Brain MRI and accordingly treated with 'BrainNext" tools, noticed positive improvement just
in weeks..case studies to be published soon...
ABSTRACT
Background: Insomnia consists of a predominant complaint of dissatisfaction with either duration or quality of sleep. Difficulties with sleep are recurrent, occur despite adequate opportunities for sleep, and are associated with impairment of daytime functioning. An increased prevalence of insomnia is associated with older age but the exact prevalence in elderly is unknown. The most common comorbidities are psychiatric illness and sleep disordered breathing (SDB). SDB is a term used to describe a spectrum of respiratory disturbances that occur during sleep, such as obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). OSAHS is an important medical condition presumably underdiagnosed in the elderly population. The main two symptoms of this SDB are snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness, both in younger as in older patients. Currently, the diagnosis of OSAHS is still based on the combination of characteristic clinical features and the objective findings of polysomnography. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) and the STOP-BANG (Snoring, Tired, Observed, blood Pressure, BMI, Age, Neck circumference, Gender) are questionnaires that have been developed to objectify insomnia, sleep quality and OSAHS respectively.
Objective: The goal of this study is to estimate the prevalence of OSAHS in the population older than 75. Moreover we want to canvass the validity of several questionnaires used to objectify the sleeping quality and assess the possibility of OSAHS.
Methods: In this convenience sample, patients older than 75 visiting four general practitioner (GP) offices were asked for their sleeping pattern by one screening question: ‘How would you describe your sleeping pattern?’. If they reported a dissatisfying sleep, they were offered to fill in the ISI. The patients who attained an ISI-score of eight points or more were considered positive for insomnia and were included in this pilot study. These patients were asked to undergo a sleep evaluation with the Brizzy® portable monitor. Furthermore they were asked to fill in the ESS, the PSQI, the BQ and the STOP-BANG questionnaire.
Results: In our pilot study a total of 73 patients completed the ISI, of which 31 patients tested positive for insomnia. 24 patients were subjected to the Brizzy® analysis. 21 out of these 24 cases got a new diagnosis of OSAHS. Two subjects were considered negative for OSAHS and one patient was diagnosed as a snorer. The ESS and the STOP-BANG questionnaire seemed to have the greatest sensitivity and specificity among the several questionnaires used, objectifying sleep quality and assessing the presence of OSAHS consecutively.
Conclusion: This pilot study confirmed the present underdiagnosis of OSAHS in elderly patients, described by earlier studies. The ESS and the STOP-Bang questionnaire seemed to be the most adequate questionnaires among those used in th
I have gained a lot of knowledge from this marvellous Nervous System course. Multiple Sclerosis, or MS, is one of the common neurological disorders. Since I have been working as a remedial massage therapist, most of my patients are unhealthy and stressed. The desire to understand the cause and mechanism of these symptoms has inspired me to study more about neuroscience. This course had changed my life forever.
DSM proposal for Sensory Processing Disorder. Of interest to those who want to know more in general, or know more about SPD as it compares to ASD or Misophonia.
what SPECT scans are, how they are a tool in diagnosing a patient in psychiatry, 7 types of ADD, how it helps understanding and acceptance of having a mental illness
Systematic assessment of early symptoms of unspecified dementias in people wi...Premier Publishers
Researchers have shown that individuals with mental retardation or with developmental disabilities are at a greater risk of developing health problems and among others dementia than the general population. As the literature points out, dementia is characterized by progressive loss of cognitive functions, until the individual has lost all independency and ability in daily life. It is therefore necessary to carry out a systematic assessment throughout the developmental phases at the beginning of these signs. The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of systematic assessment of early symptoms of unspecified dementias in people with developmental disabilities. The methodology is based on the pre-dementia analysis of two study cases followed by a 2-year period. In conclusion, it can be argued that the diagnosis of dementia in people with developmental disabilities, in the early stages, has become difficult because of the lack of reliable and standardized criteria and diagnostic procedures and difficulties to investigate cognitive decline versus an already vulnerable developmental disability base. Therefore, in people with developmental disabilities, a diagnosis of dementia needs to be done based on changes in mental status from basic functioning. This helps a clinician to determine an accurate diagnosis in later years as hypothetically results from two case studies with later subcortical dementia. However, this endeavour remains to be discussed widely by mental health specialists, public health and cognitive neuroscience in order to determine whether this contribution provided actually has the power of explanation understandable or is understandable by the part of interest.
How to Stop or Even Reverse the Progression of Parkinson’s.pdfhow2stayyoung
When treating Parkinson’s disease naturally, the most important thing is to boost your brain’s dopamine production. You can do that using the simple steps to stop or even reverse the progression of Parkinson’s You can do this by finding out more about the Parkinson’s Protocol Program created by naturopath and health researcher, Jodi Knapp, to help you diagnose and treat Parkinson’s naturally and permanently
Neuropsychology of OCD 1Running Head Neuropsychology o.docxvannagoforth
Neuropsychology of OCD 1
Running Head: Neuropsychology of OCD
Neuropsychological Profile of Childhood-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Metehan Irak & Martine M. Flament
University of Ottawa Institute Mental Health Research
September 16th , 2006
Neuropsychology of OCD 2
Summary
In this review paper, studies focusing on the neuropsychological characteristics of childhood-onset obsessive-
compulsive disorder (OCD) were evaluated. Systematic electronic searches were undertaken using MEDLINE
and Psycinfo databases (until June 2006). The presented results are of those that focus on the processes of
attention, memory, and executive functions related to the aspects of the measured instruments used. The aim of
this review was to provide a general neuropsychological profile of childhood-onset OCD based on the reviewed
studies. In general, results showed that there is no clear evidence that the neuropsychological aspects of
childhood-onset OCD differ from those of adult-onset OCD. In parallel with this, the processes of attention and
memory in childhood-onset OCD are observed to be selective and biased, and this bias is directed towards
threat-relevant stimuli related to obsessions and compulsions. In addition, dysfunction in memory and
visuospatial processes in OCD patients do not result from memory impairment per se, but rather from an
impaired ability to apply efficiently elaborated memory strategies. In childhood-onset OCD, the various lines of
evidence consistently include impairment of response suppression and motor inhibition abilities; there is less
consistent evidence for reduced set shifting, fluency, conceptual thinking, and planning ability. Whereas clinical
observation suggests that a central problem in OCD is at the meta-memory level and that people with OCD have
less meta-cognitive ability, processing of meta-cognition in childhood-onset OCD has not yet been investigated
adequately. Finally, the results of the reviewed studies were evaluated in terms of the effects of basic co-
morbidity, such as depression, Tourette’s disorder, tic disorder, and other confounding variables.
Key words: childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention, memory, executive functions
Neuropsychology of OCD 3
Clinical Characteristics of Childhood-Onset OCD
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by repetitive obsessions
and compulsions. It is chronic, but can be cyclic, significantly affecting an individual’s social and daily
functioning. Although OCD has been recognized as a disorder commonly observed in adulthood, studies have
shown that the prevalence rate of OCD is 1%-4 % among adolescents (Douglass et al., 1995; Flament et al.,
1988), with more than 80% of OCD patients reporting relevant symptoms starting before the age of 18 years
(Pauls et al., 1995). OCD is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, namely depression, t ...
Running head The Critique of Ethical Consideration of Patients wi.docxtodd521
Running head: The Critique of Ethical Consideration of Patients with Dementia 1
The critique of ethical consideration of patients with dementia
8
The Critique of Ethical Consideration of Patients with Dementia
Yeni Hernandez
GCU NRS-433V
August 19, 2018
The critique of ethical consideration of patients with dementia
Introduction
Based on Pan et al. (2013) study, the severities of the behavioural and psychological symptoms that are evident for vascular dementia are clearly presented. The research focuses on the application of quantitative measures to understand the severity of the symptoms using a sample of 51 patients with vascular dementia (Pan et al., 2013). The analysis considered the fluctuation of the behavioural symptoms based on diurnal, evening, and nocturnal activities. The ageing population has been outlined as being a risk factor for the continued prevalence and rise in the cases of dementia for decades. This paper will critique the PICOT statement on the grounds of those living with dementia in their daily lives.
PICOT statement for patients with dementia
P- (problem/patient/population): the research will focus on patients living with dementia (PWD)
I- Intervention will come in the form of integrating regular exercises to dementia patients to help improve memory loss and maintain a healthy fit.
C- Comparison: if a patient cannot engage in productive and useful forms of exercises, provide a supportive environment through informal caregiving to facilitate relaxation and safety.
O- Outcome: the outcome of the study is an improved overall safety of a patient living with dementia to reduce re-hospitalizations that result from injuries.
T- Time- this will show the time required in addressing the problem of dementia among home care patients.
Background information
Dementia generally is used to refer to the symptoms shown by individuals and mostly relate to memory. There have been complaining about the existence of rare signs amongst patients who visit clinical institutions. This included the loss of memory hence reducing their ability to carry out their daily tasks appropriately. However, it had been clearly proven that there was little that was done in realizing the desired the desired solutions to help out the patients. At higher stages patients showed problems in communication and language, focusing and paying attention, perceptions relating to visions, judgment and how the patients reasoned out. This, therefore, prompted the need to carry out a qualitative and quantitative study with a major aim of presenting ethical issues that relate to patients with dementia. The study was based on scholarly articles to present appropriate information that can help curb such instances in most or all medical and clinical institutions hence saving the patients. It is evident that the lack of patient care and safety acted as the major reason as to.
Running head AWARENESS OF AUTISM 1 Awareness o.docxjoellemurphey
Running head: AWARENESS OF AUTISM 1
Awareness of Autism
Name
Tutor
Institution
Course
Date
AWARENESS OF AUTISM 2
The main objective was to assess the existing knowledge as well as perception that the
primary school teachers had regarding autism. Therefore, the study was conducted in both the
private and the public schools in Pakistan. Basically, autism is a disorder of the neural
development which is normally characterized by the impaired social interaction, communications
and through restriction of a repetitive behavior. Normally, this condition will begin at birth and
the children that are affected are normal in their appearance but they normally spend a lot of their
time engaged and even puzzled and very disturbing behaviors which are normally different from
those of the typical students. There have been several tools and studies regarding the disease and
the prevalence in the population (Muhammad & Farah, 2013). Therefore, the study was
primarily conducted with the sole aim of determining the level of autism awareness amongst the
primary school teachers and the results were intended to help the school and surrounding
organization to increase the awareness levels in terms of autism so that it could be diagnosed at
an early age and thus intervention could be done as early as possible.
For the methods used to complete the study, there was a cross sectional study that was
conducted in the primary school teachers where the sample size was also calculated. Quite a
number of teachers were selected with the use of simple random sampling. Further, there was a
questionnaire that was used, designed to make assess on the various aspects of their knowledge
like diagnosis, the symptoms as well as the treatment. In addition, frequencies as well as various
percentages were taken out of each and every category. There was also a chi-square test that was
applied for the purpose of finding out the available differences between two variables
(Muhammad & Farah, 2013).
From the study, in making comparison on the responses concerning the knowledge of
autism in all categories, it was discovered that there was indeed no statistical significance except
AWARENESS OF AUTISM 3
in the categories of communication skills of a child with autism disorder and the emotional
temperament of the same child. It was discovered that the teachers in the public sector had better
awareness that the children with autism disorder had poor communication skills and thus could
not express themselves. In the private sector, the teachers were more aware of the disorder and
highly recognized that a child with this disorder would throw frequent bouts of rage. Therefore,
it was concluded that the teachers in the public sector proved to have better knowledge as well as
perception of autism as compared to the teachers from the private sector (Muhammad & Farah,
2013).
Normally, autism disorder h ...
DSM proposal for Sensory Processing Disorder. Of interest to those who want to know more in general, or know more about SPD as it compares to ASD or Misophonia.
what SPECT scans are, how they are a tool in diagnosing a patient in psychiatry, 7 types of ADD, how it helps understanding and acceptance of having a mental illness
Systematic assessment of early symptoms of unspecified dementias in people wi...Premier Publishers
Researchers have shown that individuals with mental retardation or with developmental disabilities are at a greater risk of developing health problems and among others dementia than the general population. As the literature points out, dementia is characterized by progressive loss of cognitive functions, until the individual has lost all independency and ability in daily life. It is therefore necessary to carry out a systematic assessment throughout the developmental phases at the beginning of these signs. The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of systematic assessment of early symptoms of unspecified dementias in people with developmental disabilities. The methodology is based on the pre-dementia analysis of two study cases followed by a 2-year period. In conclusion, it can be argued that the diagnosis of dementia in people with developmental disabilities, in the early stages, has become difficult because of the lack of reliable and standardized criteria and diagnostic procedures and difficulties to investigate cognitive decline versus an already vulnerable developmental disability base. Therefore, in people with developmental disabilities, a diagnosis of dementia needs to be done based on changes in mental status from basic functioning. This helps a clinician to determine an accurate diagnosis in later years as hypothetically results from two case studies with later subcortical dementia. However, this endeavour remains to be discussed widely by mental health specialists, public health and cognitive neuroscience in order to determine whether this contribution provided actually has the power of explanation understandable or is understandable by the part of interest.
How to Stop or Even Reverse the Progression of Parkinson’s.pdfhow2stayyoung
When treating Parkinson’s disease naturally, the most important thing is to boost your brain’s dopamine production. You can do that using the simple steps to stop or even reverse the progression of Parkinson’s You can do this by finding out more about the Parkinson’s Protocol Program created by naturopath and health researcher, Jodi Knapp, to help you diagnose and treat Parkinson’s naturally and permanently
Neuropsychology of OCD 1Running Head Neuropsychology o.docxvannagoforth
Neuropsychology of OCD 1
Running Head: Neuropsychology of OCD
Neuropsychological Profile of Childhood-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Metehan Irak & Martine M. Flament
University of Ottawa Institute Mental Health Research
September 16th , 2006
Neuropsychology of OCD 2
Summary
In this review paper, studies focusing on the neuropsychological characteristics of childhood-onset obsessive-
compulsive disorder (OCD) were evaluated. Systematic electronic searches were undertaken using MEDLINE
and Psycinfo databases (until June 2006). The presented results are of those that focus on the processes of
attention, memory, and executive functions related to the aspects of the measured instruments used. The aim of
this review was to provide a general neuropsychological profile of childhood-onset OCD based on the reviewed
studies. In general, results showed that there is no clear evidence that the neuropsychological aspects of
childhood-onset OCD differ from those of adult-onset OCD. In parallel with this, the processes of attention and
memory in childhood-onset OCD are observed to be selective and biased, and this bias is directed towards
threat-relevant stimuli related to obsessions and compulsions. In addition, dysfunction in memory and
visuospatial processes in OCD patients do not result from memory impairment per se, but rather from an
impaired ability to apply efficiently elaborated memory strategies. In childhood-onset OCD, the various lines of
evidence consistently include impairment of response suppression and motor inhibition abilities; there is less
consistent evidence for reduced set shifting, fluency, conceptual thinking, and planning ability. Whereas clinical
observation suggests that a central problem in OCD is at the meta-memory level and that people with OCD have
less meta-cognitive ability, processing of meta-cognition in childhood-onset OCD has not yet been investigated
adequately. Finally, the results of the reviewed studies were evaluated in terms of the effects of basic co-
morbidity, such as depression, Tourette’s disorder, tic disorder, and other confounding variables.
Key words: childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention, memory, executive functions
Neuropsychology of OCD 3
Clinical Characteristics of Childhood-Onset OCD
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by repetitive obsessions
and compulsions. It is chronic, but can be cyclic, significantly affecting an individual’s social and daily
functioning. Although OCD has been recognized as a disorder commonly observed in adulthood, studies have
shown that the prevalence rate of OCD is 1%-4 % among adolescents (Douglass et al., 1995; Flament et al.,
1988), with more than 80% of OCD patients reporting relevant symptoms starting before the age of 18 years
(Pauls et al., 1995). OCD is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders, namely depression, t ...
Running head The Critique of Ethical Consideration of Patients wi.docxtodd521
Running head: The Critique of Ethical Consideration of Patients with Dementia 1
The critique of ethical consideration of patients with dementia
8
The Critique of Ethical Consideration of Patients with Dementia
Yeni Hernandez
GCU NRS-433V
August 19, 2018
The critique of ethical consideration of patients with dementia
Introduction
Based on Pan et al. (2013) study, the severities of the behavioural and psychological symptoms that are evident for vascular dementia are clearly presented. The research focuses on the application of quantitative measures to understand the severity of the symptoms using a sample of 51 patients with vascular dementia (Pan et al., 2013). The analysis considered the fluctuation of the behavioural symptoms based on diurnal, evening, and nocturnal activities. The ageing population has been outlined as being a risk factor for the continued prevalence and rise in the cases of dementia for decades. This paper will critique the PICOT statement on the grounds of those living with dementia in their daily lives.
PICOT statement for patients with dementia
P- (problem/patient/population): the research will focus on patients living with dementia (PWD)
I- Intervention will come in the form of integrating regular exercises to dementia patients to help improve memory loss and maintain a healthy fit.
C- Comparison: if a patient cannot engage in productive and useful forms of exercises, provide a supportive environment through informal caregiving to facilitate relaxation and safety.
O- Outcome: the outcome of the study is an improved overall safety of a patient living with dementia to reduce re-hospitalizations that result from injuries.
T- Time- this will show the time required in addressing the problem of dementia among home care patients.
Background information
Dementia generally is used to refer to the symptoms shown by individuals and mostly relate to memory. There have been complaining about the existence of rare signs amongst patients who visit clinical institutions. This included the loss of memory hence reducing their ability to carry out their daily tasks appropriately. However, it had been clearly proven that there was little that was done in realizing the desired the desired solutions to help out the patients. At higher stages patients showed problems in communication and language, focusing and paying attention, perceptions relating to visions, judgment and how the patients reasoned out. This, therefore, prompted the need to carry out a qualitative and quantitative study with a major aim of presenting ethical issues that relate to patients with dementia. The study was based on scholarly articles to present appropriate information that can help curb such instances in most or all medical and clinical institutions hence saving the patients. It is evident that the lack of patient care and safety acted as the major reason as to.
Running head AWARENESS OF AUTISM 1 Awareness o.docxjoellemurphey
Running head: AWARENESS OF AUTISM 1
Awareness of Autism
Name
Tutor
Institution
Course
Date
AWARENESS OF AUTISM 2
The main objective was to assess the existing knowledge as well as perception that the
primary school teachers had regarding autism. Therefore, the study was conducted in both the
private and the public schools in Pakistan. Basically, autism is a disorder of the neural
development which is normally characterized by the impaired social interaction, communications
and through restriction of a repetitive behavior. Normally, this condition will begin at birth and
the children that are affected are normal in their appearance but they normally spend a lot of their
time engaged and even puzzled and very disturbing behaviors which are normally different from
those of the typical students. There have been several tools and studies regarding the disease and
the prevalence in the population (Muhammad & Farah, 2013). Therefore, the study was
primarily conducted with the sole aim of determining the level of autism awareness amongst the
primary school teachers and the results were intended to help the school and surrounding
organization to increase the awareness levels in terms of autism so that it could be diagnosed at
an early age and thus intervention could be done as early as possible.
For the methods used to complete the study, there was a cross sectional study that was
conducted in the primary school teachers where the sample size was also calculated. Quite a
number of teachers were selected with the use of simple random sampling. Further, there was a
questionnaire that was used, designed to make assess on the various aspects of their knowledge
like diagnosis, the symptoms as well as the treatment. In addition, frequencies as well as various
percentages were taken out of each and every category. There was also a chi-square test that was
applied for the purpose of finding out the available differences between two variables
(Muhammad & Farah, 2013).
From the study, in making comparison on the responses concerning the knowledge of
autism in all categories, it was discovered that there was indeed no statistical significance except
AWARENESS OF AUTISM 3
in the categories of communication skills of a child with autism disorder and the emotional
temperament of the same child. It was discovered that the teachers in the public sector had better
awareness that the children with autism disorder had poor communication skills and thus could
not express themselves. In the private sector, the teachers were more aware of the disorder and
highly recognized that a child with this disorder would throw frequent bouts of rage. Therefore,
it was concluded that the teachers in the public sector proved to have better knowledge as well as
perception of autism as compared to the teachers from the private sector (Muhammad & Farah,
2013).
Normally, autism disorder h ...
1. NAME STUDENT ID NUMBER GROUPING
LOH PEY MUN 0318572 N/A
LEE ERN HUI 0319703 N/A
CHANG VUI LOONG 0319198 N/A
LIEW YU XIAN 0319173 N/A
LECTURER: Ms ANN SEE PENG SUBMISSION DATE: 7/1/2015
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
FOUNDATION IN NATURE AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS
MTH30104-MATHEMATICS
GROUP ASSIGNMENT 1
TITLE: UNDERSTANDING ABOUT PARKINSON’S DISEASE
3. INTRODUCTION
Statistics is the study of collection, analysis,
interpretation, presentation and organization of data. Statistical
analysis helps to understanding the possibility and making
prediction based on people’s understanding.
For this assignment, we need to choose one of the
chronic disease and study how much people understand about it
and the awareness of people against it. After few discussion goes
through, we decided to choose Parkinson’s disease as our discuss
topic. We need to focus on female in two different age group
which is 21-25 years old and 26-30 years old and study the
understanding level of each female age group on the Parkinson’s
disease, which similar to ALS but not commonly known by
people. Our group consist of 4 members which is Chang Vui
Loong (Michael) , Loh Pey Mun, Lee Ern Hui (Michelle) and Liew
Yu Xian.
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive,
neurodegenerative disease that belongs to the group of
conditions called motor system disorders. PD cannot yet be cured
and sufferers get worse over time as the normal bodily functions,
including breathing, balance, movement, and heart function
worsen.Parkinson’s disease most often occurs after the age of 50
and is one of the most common nervous system disorders of the
elderly. The disease is caused by the slow deterioration of the
nerve cells in the brain, which create dopamine. Dopamine is a
natural substance found in the brain that helps control muscle
movement throughout the body.
Through this survey, we are able to identify the
awareness and understanding level of females in Malaysia on
Parkinson’s Disease within different age group. This also create
awareness among the people and take this issue more seriously.
4. OBJECTIVE
This assignment allow us to understand more
about using statistic to organize our data. It’s also allow us
to analyze data and also draw conclusion from the data.
We used mathematical principle such as frequency to
make our data more accurate.
On the other hand, we also need to identify the
understanding level of females in Malaysia on Parkinson’s
disease. We prepared different kind of questions to
collect the data. Besides that, we also need to understand
more about Parkinson’s disease since it is not familiar to
most of the people but it’s similar to ALS disease. Last but
not least, we also hope to create awareness among
peoples in Malaysia towards Parkinson’s disease through
our survey.
5. CONCLUSION
As in conclusion, the major purpose is to find
out the understanding level of females in Malaysia on
Parkinson’s disease and create awareness toward it.
Through this survey we know that much of the young
teenagers have no knowledge on Parkinson’s disease.
When we first choose Parkinson’s disease as
our discuss topic, we have no understanding on it. After
many research when we creating our questionnaire, we
started to gain knowledge on Parkinson’s disease. We
found out that it’s similar to ALS but less awareness to
people. Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disorder of
the nervous system that affects your movement of all
your body part. Parkinson’s disease cannot be cure but
can be reduce or slow down the symptoms if found
early.
Through out this survey we learned a lot of
things such as teamwork, data collecting and analysis,
tabulating data and convert data into chart and tables,
apply mathematical principles in organizing data and
also transform data into infographic.
Besides that, we also hope that more people
will be more aware of Parkinson’s disease and practice
healthy life style to reduce the risk of getting
Parkinson’s disease.
