The Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Program (EDIPPP) aims to identify and treat early signs of psychosis in young people to prevent severe mental illness. The program educated community members on warning signs and referred a college student named Tiffany for treatment, preventing her psychosis. A national study by EDIPPP showed that educating communities and intervening early with multi-pronged treatment improved outcomes. While other countries have adopted early intervention, the US is now showing interest in changing its approach due to promising results from EDIPPP and its goal of applying lessons learned to influence policy.
The document discusses the need for behavioral health services in Nueces County, Texas. It provides statistics on mental illnesses like bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder treated in the county. Suicide rates are also discussed both locally and nationally. The nursing implications are early detection, education on risk factors, and management of disorders. Nurses play a role in comprehensive assessment, advocacy, and linking patients to support services. Barriers to mental healthcare include stigma, lack of perceived need, and cost of treatment. Community education and support can help address these barriers.
Adolescent Mental Health: Common Mental Health Issues in Youth Irasangappa Mudakavi
Common mental health issues among youth include anxiety disorders, depression, behavioral disorders, and substance abuse. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent, affecting approximately 4% of adolescents globally. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted youth mental health, increasing feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness according to UNICEF surveys. Adolescence is a vulnerable time for developing mental health issues as youth experience physical, emotional, and social changes while coping with stress and transitions in life. Early detection and treatment of mental health issues is important for supporting healthy development into adulthood.
Public attitudes toward mental illness are slowly improving, but stigma and discrimination remain widespread according to a recent government survey. While more people now view mental illness as similar to physical illness, prejudices against certain conditions like schizophrenia persist. Reducing stigma requires ongoing efforts like increasing public education, encouraging open discussion of mental health, and promoting personal stories of living with mental illness. Changing entrenched attitudes will take time, but continued awareness campaigns, anti-discrimination laws, and challenging misconceptions in the media can help drive further positive change.
There is a difference between assumptions and realty. Simply, assumption is what you think without evidence, and realty is, what the thing is in real with evidence. • Now, It is time, people understand what being mentally ill, really means.
The document discusses the issue of mental health in schools and the need to address it. It notes that 1 in 5 students experience mental health issues but only 20% receive needed services. Several organizations are working to promote the Mental Health in Schools Act, which would expand access to mental health services and support in schools. The act aims to help students dealing with trauma, violence, and mental health problems succeed academically.
Symposium presentation by Ellen Newman, Hunter Institute of Mental Health, for the Society for Mental Health Research Conference 2016.
For more information visit www.responseability.org
2 mental health and disorders mental health and dismile790243
This document discusses a rising trend of mental health disorders among individuals on Chicago's south side. It notes that African Americans have higher rates of mental health disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia. The document proposes a research study called Project IMPACT that would survey adults in south side Chicago neighborhoods about their mental health using questionnaires. The expected result is an increased risk of mental health disorders among African Americans in those areas. It concludes that decreasing this risk is important for improving the overall health of the African American population.
This study investigated the relationships between childhood trauma, psychological symptoms, and barriers to seeking mental health care among college students. It was hypothesized that childhood trauma would be correlated with both psychological symptoms and barriers to care, and that psychological symptoms would mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and barriers. Participants completed questionnaires measuring these constructs. Results found childhood trauma was correlated with both psychological symptoms and barriers to care. Psychological symptoms also mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and barriers, such that the relationship was weaker when accounting for psychological symptoms. This suggests childhood trauma influences barriers indirectly through its effect on increasing psychological symptoms.
The document discusses the need for behavioral health services in Nueces County, Texas. It provides statistics on mental illnesses like bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder treated in the county. Suicide rates are also discussed both locally and nationally. The nursing implications are early detection, education on risk factors, and management of disorders. Nurses play a role in comprehensive assessment, advocacy, and linking patients to support services. Barriers to mental healthcare include stigma, lack of perceived need, and cost of treatment. Community education and support can help address these barriers.
Adolescent Mental Health: Common Mental Health Issues in Youth Irasangappa Mudakavi
Common mental health issues among youth include anxiety disorders, depression, behavioral disorders, and substance abuse. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent, affecting approximately 4% of adolescents globally. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted youth mental health, increasing feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness according to UNICEF surveys. Adolescence is a vulnerable time for developing mental health issues as youth experience physical, emotional, and social changes while coping with stress and transitions in life. Early detection and treatment of mental health issues is important for supporting healthy development into adulthood.
Public attitudes toward mental illness are slowly improving, but stigma and discrimination remain widespread according to a recent government survey. While more people now view mental illness as similar to physical illness, prejudices against certain conditions like schizophrenia persist. Reducing stigma requires ongoing efforts like increasing public education, encouraging open discussion of mental health, and promoting personal stories of living with mental illness. Changing entrenched attitudes will take time, but continued awareness campaigns, anti-discrimination laws, and challenging misconceptions in the media can help drive further positive change.
There is a difference between assumptions and realty. Simply, assumption is what you think without evidence, and realty is, what the thing is in real with evidence. • Now, It is time, people understand what being mentally ill, really means.
The document discusses the issue of mental health in schools and the need to address it. It notes that 1 in 5 students experience mental health issues but only 20% receive needed services. Several organizations are working to promote the Mental Health in Schools Act, which would expand access to mental health services and support in schools. The act aims to help students dealing with trauma, violence, and mental health problems succeed academically.
Symposium presentation by Ellen Newman, Hunter Institute of Mental Health, for the Society for Mental Health Research Conference 2016.
For more information visit www.responseability.org
2 mental health and disorders mental health and dismile790243
This document discusses a rising trend of mental health disorders among individuals on Chicago's south side. It notes that African Americans have higher rates of mental health disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia. The document proposes a research study called Project IMPACT that would survey adults in south side Chicago neighborhoods about their mental health using questionnaires. The expected result is an increased risk of mental health disorders among African Americans in those areas. It concludes that decreasing this risk is important for improving the overall health of the African American population.
This study investigated the relationships between childhood trauma, psychological symptoms, and barriers to seeking mental health care among college students. It was hypothesized that childhood trauma would be correlated with both psychological symptoms and barriers to care, and that psychological symptoms would mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and barriers. Participants completed questionnaires measuring these constructs. Results found childhood trauma was correlated with both psychological symptoms and barriers to care. Psychological symptoms also mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and barriers, such that the relationship was weaker when accounting for psychological symptoms. This suggests childhood trauma influences barriers indirectly through its effect on increasing psychological symptoms.
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
Practical approaches to doing a primary care psychiatric assessmentpsyhimanshu
This document discusses the importance of conducting psychiatric assessments in primary care settings. It notes that approximately 60% of patients with diagnosable psychiatric disorders initially seek care from primary care physicians rather than mental health professionals. However, primary care physicians often underdiagnose and undertreat mental disorders. The document advocates that primary care physicians should screen patients for common mental disorders like depression and anxiety through brief psychiatric assessments. This is important as untreated mental illness can have significant health, social, and economic impacts. The document provides guidance on effective communication skills and approaches for conducting concise yet informative psychiatric assessments in time-constrained primary care consultations.
This document is a literature review and dissertation submitted by Michelle Rodriguez exploring attitudes toward mental health. It provides an overview of past research on attitudes toward mental health, finding that historically mental illness has been stigmatized. While some research found that increased familiarity with mental illness can improve attitudes, other studies found increased biological explanations for conditions like schizophrenia can worsen attitudes. The document also discusses how attitudes differ based on factors like age, gender, education level, and experience/exposure to mental illness.
This document discusses definitions of mental health and mental illness. It explores how mental health, mental well-being, and mental illness relate and influence each other. The document outlines risk and protective factors across the lifespan that impact mental health. Poor mental health is associated with significant personal, social, and economic costs. The document recommends promoting mental health and preventing mental illness through coordinated, cross-government interventions targeting inequalities and delivered universally and to vulnerable groups.
The document discusses the importance of integrating behavioral and physical healthcare as the human body does not distinguish between the two. It notes that factors like early trauma, socioeconomic status, and endocrine dysfunction can impact both mental and physical health. The document then introduces the concept of wellness as having eight dimensions: physical, spiritual, social, intellectual, emotional/mental, occupational, environmental, and financial. It provides examples of strategies for each dimension to promote overall wellness and recovery in mental health.
The document discusses prevention of mental illness. It notes that about 450 million people suffer from mental disorders globally. It defines different levels of prevention as universal, selective, and indicated. Universal prevention targets the whole population. Selective targets groups at higher risk, while indicated targets those at high risk of mental illness. The strategies proposed for prevention include community education, early intervention services, developing community resources, improving accessibility and cultural sensitivity, and enhancing protective factors in the environment. The overall aim is to reduce incidence, prevalence, and recurrence of mental disorders through evidence-based interventions.
Maternal Mental Health: CA Department of Public Health Nov 6, 2014Joy Burkhard
Maternal Mental Health is an underground health crisis impacting women, infants and families. This presentation was provided Nov. 6 2014 to the California Department of Public Health and discusses symptoms, risk factors and prevalence; impact on child development, why providers don't routinely screen/diagnose and treat, and what we can do to collectively change this course.
This document discusses a research project exploring how parental involvement in a youth hockey program in Nunavik, Canada could help prevent youth suicide. The project aims to understand Inuit parents' definitions of "parenting" and "parental involvement" and identify barriers and factors facilitating their involvement. Preliminary results found parenting was defined by responsibility for care or engagement with children. Parental involvement style did not influence type of involvement. The hockey program may develop protective factors against suicide if combined with parental involvement.
ECJ_p54-62_6 Mental Health-Identifying good mental healthLouise Kinnaird
1) Schools are ideally positioned to identify and address student mental health issues early before they develop into lifelong problems. However, effective mental health practices in schools require identifying issues and providing support.
2) Poor mental health in students is linked to lower academic achievement and can be caused by issues like neglect, abuse, bullying, and family problems. If not addressed early, mental health issues often continue into adulthood.
3) For effective mental health support, schools need to promote student wellbeing, identify at-risk students, and provide tools for students to manage issues themselves rather than waiting for severe problems to develop.
Belfer gottlieb maternal and child mental healthjasonharlow
- Unique challenges exist for child mental health in Africa due to lack of prioritization, funding, and stigma. Only recently has it become a priority.
- Epidemiological data shows 20% of African children have a diagnosable mental disorder. Depression is occurring earlier and may predict more severe future disorders. Maternal mental health is also a major issue.
- Improving child and adolescent mental health requires policies, trained professionals, community acceptance, and integrated care within overall health systems and schools. Preventive interventions are most cost effective.
Responding to Mental Health Needs of HIV-Positive Pediatric Patients in Resou...jehill3
Responding to Mental Health Needs of HIV-Positive Pediatric Patients in Resource-Poor Communities
Vicki Tepper, University of Maryland School of Medicine
CORE Group Spring Meeting, April 29, 2010
This document discusses screening tools for depression and anxiety in youth. It notes that depression affects 3-8% of youth and anxiety is commonly co-morbid. Early recognition is important to prevent long-term impairment. Two screening tools are introduced: the PHQ-9 for depression screening, which has a sensitivity and specificity of 88% for major depression, and the SCARED questionnaire for anxiety screening. Both tools are self-report questionnaires that can help identify clinically significant problems to be addressed. The document advocates for screening in school settings but notes the importance of having next steps in care identified and streamlined if issues are detected.
This document discusses mental health issues among women of reproductive age. It notes that depression is common, affecting around 8% of pregnant women and 11% of non-pregnant women. Poor mental health can negatively impact physical health, pregnancy outcomes, and child development. The document reviews risk factors for depression like stress, low social support, pregnancy complications, and chronic illness. It also discusses treatments like antidepressants and therapy.
The document discusses mental health services in the UK for depression. It provides statistics on depression prevalence and details primary and secondary care systems for mental health. Primary care focuses on diagnosis, management and prevention, while secondary care handles more severe cases, like those involving psychosis or hospitalization. The document critiques gaps in primary care for mental health and outlines guidelines and pathways to improve treatment, such as increasing accessibility and using evidence-based therapies like CBT.
The document discusses a presentation on overcoming mental health stigma for international students and scholars. It covers topics like the prevalence of mental health issues among college students, culture-specific concepts of mental health, seeking treatment, and case studies. The presentation aims to help international student advisors recognize signs of mental health issues, address cultural barriers to treatment, and refer students to appropriate campus and community resources.
The document discusses mental health advocacy and the role of the IWK's Mental Health Advocate, Andy Cox. It provides examples of issues patients, youth, and families face in accessing mental healthcare. These include long wait times, lack of support upon returning from hospitalization, and not feeling heard by clinicians. It then outlines different types of advocacy, such as legal, social, and crisis advocacy. Finally, it lists some IWK mental health programs and notes the Mental Health Commission of Canada as a partner in advocacy efforts.
This document provides an overview and introduction to developmental disabilities services. It defines developmental disabilities and discusses common diagnoses including autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and fragile X syndrome. It emphasizes that no two individuals with the same diagnosis are alike. Service planning and communication between team members is discussed. The individual service plan (ISP) is developed by an interdisciplinary team led by a Services and Support Administrator (SSA) to outline the services needed for an individual. Providers must comply with and properly document services written in the ISP. Best practices focus on individual-directed planning and self-determination.
Here are the 11 DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder filled in with the blank (___) replaced with "alcohol":
1. Alcohol is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended.
2. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control alcohol use.
3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain alcohol, or recover from its effects.
4. Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use alcohol
5. Recurrent alcohol use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home.
6. Continued alcohol use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused
This poster was presented to highlight the following mental health conditions in adolescent patients: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD).
Mental Health is a very important aspect of public health. Although mental health assessment is vital within all populations, it is especially vital to assess mental health within our vulnerable populations (e.g. adolescents)
This document proposes an internship to develop an arts-based program to address mental health among college students at CUNY. It provides background on the need to address mental health through innovative approaches. A conceptual model is presented showing factors that contribute to student stress, including cultural, social, and environmental factors. The internship aims to create a curriculum using art to help alleviate stress. Short and long-term outcomes are outlined, showing how the program could benefit students' daily lives and provide evidence to support future mental health legislation. Careful evaluation of program activities and their ability to achieve outcomes is discussed. The goal is to explore how art can fit into traditional mental health interventions and expand knowledge in the field.
El documento describe las 10 fases del proceso tecnológico para resolver un problema tecnológico e implementar una solución. Las fases incluyen identificar el problema, analizarlo, proponer soluciones, investigar, diseñar, planificar, construir un prototipo, evaluarlo y presentarlo, y simular su comercialización. El proceso guía la identificación de necesidades, el desarrollo de ideas y la construcción de un sistema técnico para abordar un problema identificado.
This document appears to be an email from nativly.com containing contact information for their support team. It lists their support email address as support@nativly.com and includes their website domain nativly.com. The document provides brief contact details for nativly.com's customer support in a concise format.
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
Practical approaches to doing a primary care psychiatric assessmentpsyhimanshu
This document discusses the importance of conducting psychiatric assessments in primary care settings. It notes that approximately 60% of patients with diagnosable psychiatric disorders initially seek care from primary care physicians rather than mental health professionals. However, primary care physicians often underdiagnose and undertreat mental disorders. The document advocates that primary care physicians should screen patients for common mental disorders like depression and anxiety through brief psychiatric assessments. This is important as untreated mental illness can have significant health, social, and economic impacts. The document provides guidance on effective communication skills and approaches for conducting concise yet informative psychiatric assessments in time-constrained primary care consultations.
This document is a literature review and dissertation submitted by Michelle Rodriguez exploring attitudes toward mental health. It provides an overview of past research on attitudes toward mental health, finding that historically mental illness has been stigmatized. While some research found that increased familiarity with mental illness can improve attitudes, other studies found increased biological explanations for conditions like schizophrenia can worsen attitudes. The document also discusses how attitudes differ based on factors like age, gender, education level, and experience/exposure to mental illness.
This document discusses definitions of mental health and mental illness. It explores how mental health, mental well-being, and mental illness relate and influence each other. The document outlines risk and protective factors across the lifespan that impact mental health. Poor mental health is associated with significant personal, social, and economic costs. The document recommends promoting mental health and preventing mental illness through coordinated, cross-government interventions targeting inequalities and delivered universally and to vulnerable groups.
The document discusses the importance of integrating behavioral and physical healthcare as the human body does not distinguish between the two. It notes that factors like early trauma, socioeconomic status, and endocrine dysfunction can impact both mental and physical health. The document then introduces the concept of wellness as having eight dimensions: physical, spiritual, social, intellectual, emotional/mental, occupational, environmental, and financial. It provides examples of strategies for each dimension to promote overall wellness and recovery in mental health.
The document discusses prevention of mental illness. It notes that about 450 million people suffer from mental disorders globally. It defines different levels of prevention as universal, selective, and indicated. Universal prevention targets the whole population. Selective targets groups at higher risk, while indicated targets those at high risk of mental illness. The strategies proposed for prevention include community education, early intervention services, developing community resources, improving accessibility and cultural sensitivity, and enhancing protective factors in the environment. The overall aim is to reduce incidence, prevalence, and recurrence of mental disorders through evidence-based interventions.
Maternal Mental Health: CA Department of Public Health Nov 6, 2014Joy Burkhard
Maternal Mental Health is an underground health crisis impacting women, infants and families. This presentation was provided Nov. 6 2014 to the California Department of Public Health and discusses symptoms, risk factors and prevalence; impact on child development, why providers don't routinely screen/diagnose and treat, and what we can do to collectively change this course.
This document discusses a research project exploring how parental involvement in a youth hockey program in Nunavik, Canada could help prevent youth suicide. The project aims to understand Inuit parents' definitions of "parenting" and "parental involvement" and identify barriers and factors facilitating their involvement. Preliminary results found parenting was defined by responsibility for care or engagement with children. Parental involvement style did not influence type of involvement. The hockey program may develop protective factors against suicide if combined with parental involvement.
ECJ_p54-62_6 Mental Health-Identifying good mental healthLouise Kinnaird
1) Schools are ideally positioned to identify and address student mental health issues early before they develop into lifelong problems. However, effective mental health practices in schools require identifying issues and providing support.
2) Poor mental health in students is linked to lower academic achievement and can be caused by issues like neglect, abuse, bullying, and family problems. If not addressed early, mental health issues often continue into adulthood.
3) For effective mental health support, schools need to promote student wellbeing, identify at-risk students, and provide tools for students to manage issues themselves rather than waiting for severe problems to develop.
Belfer gottlieb maternal and child mental healthjasonharlow
- Unique challenges exist for child mental health in Africa due to lack of prioritization, funding, and stigma. Only recently has it become a priority.
- Epidemiological data shows 20% of African children have a diagnosable mental disorder. Depression is occurring earlier and may predict more severe future disorders. Maternal mental health is also a major issue.
- Improving child and adolescent mental health requires policies, trained professionals, community acceptance, and integrated care within overall health systems and schools. Preventive interventions are most cost effective.
Responding to Mental Health Needs of HIV-Positive Pediatric Patients in Resou...jehill3
Responding to Mental Health Needs of HIV-Positive Pediatric Patients in Resource-Poor Communities
Vicki Tepper, University of Maryland School of Medicine
CORE Group Spring Meeting, April 29, 2010
This document discusses screening tools for depression and anxiety in youth. It notes that depression affects 3-8% of youth and anxiety is commonly co-morbid. Early recognition is important to prevent long-term impairment. Two screening tools are introduced: the PHQ-9 for depression screening, which has a sensitivity and specificity of 88% for major depression, and the SCARED questionnaire for anxiety screening. Both tools are self-report questionnaires that can help identify clinically significant problems to be addressed. The document advocates for screening in school settings but notes the importance of having next steps in care identified and streamlined if issues are detected.
This document discusses mental health issues among women of reproductive age. It notes that depression is common, affecting around 8% of pregnant women and 11% of non-pregnant women. Poor mental health can negatively impact physical health, pregnancy outcomes, and child development. The document reviews risk factors for depression like stress, low social support, pregnancy complications, and chronic illness. It also discusses treatments like antidepressants and therapy.
The document discusses mental health services in the UK for depression. It provides statistics on depression prevalence and details primary and secondary care systems for mental health. Primary care focuses on diagnosis, management and prevention, while secondary care handles more severe cases, like those involving psychosis or hospitalization. The document critiques gaps in primary care for mental health and outlines guidelines and pathways to improve treatment, such as increasing accessibility and using evidence-based therapies like CBT.
The document discusses a presentation on overcoming mental health stigma for international students and scholars. It covers topics like the prevalence of mental health issues among college students, culture-specific concepts of mental health, seeking treatment, and case studies. The presentation aims to help international student advisors recognize signs of mental health issues, address cultural barriers to treatment, and refer students to appropriate campus and community resources.
The document discusses mental health advocacy and the role of the IWK's Mental Health Advocate, Andy Cox. It provides examples of issues patients, youth, and families face in accessing mental healthcare. These include long wait times, lack of support upon returning from hospitalization, and not feeling heard by clinicians. It then outlines different types of advocacy, such as legal, social, and crisis advocacy. Finally, it lists some IWK mental health programs and notes the Mental Health Commission of Canada as a partner in advocacy efforts.
This document provides an overview and introduction to developmental disabilities services. It defines developmental disabilities and discusses common diagnoses including autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and fragile X syndrome. It emphasizes that no two individuals with the same diagnosis are alike. Service planning and communication between team members is discussed. The individual service plan (ISP) is developed by an interdisciplinary team led by a Services and Support Administrator (SSA) to outline the services needed for an individual. Providers must comply with and properly document services written in the ISP. Best practices focus on individual-directed planning and self-determination.
Here are the 11 DSM-5 criteria for substance use disorder filled in with the blank (___) replaced with "alcohol":
1. Alcohol is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended.
2. There is a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control alcohol use.
3. A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain alcohol, or recover from its effects.
4. Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use alcohol
5. Recurrent alcohol use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home.
6. Continued alcohol use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused
This poster was presented to highlight the following mental health conditions in adolescent patients: attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADD/ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD).
Mental Health is a very important aspect of public health. Although mental health assessment is vital within all populations, it is especially vital to assess mental health within our vulnerable populations (e.g. adolescents)
This document proposes an internship to develop an arts-based program to address mental health among college students at CUNY. It provides background on the need to address mental health through innovative approaches. A conceptual model is presented showing factors that contribute to student stress, including cultural, social, and environmental factors. The internship aims to create a curriculum using art to help alleviate stress. Short and long-term outcomes are outlined, showing how the program could benefit students' daily lives and provide evidence to support future mental health legislation. Careful evaluation of program activities and their ability to achieve outcomes is discussed. The goal is to explore how art can fit into traditional mental health interventions and expand knowledge in the field.
El documento describe las 10 fases del proceso tecnológico para resolver un problema tecnológico e implementar una solución. Las fases incluyen identificar el problema, analizarlo, proponer soluciones, investigar, diseñar, planificar, construir un prototipo, evaluarlo y presentarlo, y simular su comercialización. El proceso guía la identificación de necesidades, el desarrollo de ideas y la construcción de un sistema técnico para abordar un problema identificado.
This document appears to be an email from nativly.com containing contact information for their support team. It lists their support email address as support@nativly.com and includes their website domain nativly.com. The document provides brief contact details for nativly.com's customer support in a concise format.
Este documento describe varias redes sociales populares como Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube y LinkedIn. Explica brevemente qué son las redes sociales, cómo se usan para conectar a personas y cómo algunas como Facebook, Instagram y YouTube también permiten compartir fotos, videos y otros contenidos.
Este documento describe las diferentes formas de energía, incluyendo energía térmica, eléctrica, radiante, química, nuclear, mecánica, eólica, cinética, potencial, fotovoltaica, magnética, hidráulica, mareomotriz, sonora y sus transformaciones. También explica las fuentes de energía renovables como la eólica, hidráulica y solar, y no renovables como los combustibles fósiles y la energía nuclear.
The document discusses the three states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases. It defines each state and provides examples. Solids have a definite shape and size, liquids take the shape of their container, and gases fill their container uniformly. The document also discusses physical and chemical changes, where physical changes alter a substance's appearance but not its composition, and chemical changes form new substances. It encourages identifying states of matter and changes in pictures.
Patriot Segway Tours proposes offering Segway tours in Washington D.C. that are uniquely themed around American history and presidents. The business concept involves tour guides dressing in costumes of famous American leaders and incorporating history trivia games and prizes into the tours. An analysis of the tourism industry in D.C. and the competitive Segway tour market found high demand that exceeds the capacity of current operators. Financial projections estimate the business will be profitable over the first five years.
1. There are five stages of literacy development from pre-kindergarten to grade 3: awareness and exploration, emergent reader, early/beginner reader, transitional reader, and fluent reader.
2. Various assessments should be used to measure students' phonological awareness, phonics, vocabulary, comprehension, and oral language skills.
3. The literacy matrix aids in selecting texts of different difficulties across narrative, informational, semiotic and linguistic categories to provide students a wide range of reading materials.
External Analysis of the Cruise Line IndustryNicole Bick
The document analyzes the cruise line industry, focusing on the key success factors and providing in-depth analyses of Carnival Corporation & plc and Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. It identifies the three key success factors as capitalizing on growing global markets, generating onboard revenue, and partnering with travel agents. The analyses of Carnival and Royal Caribbean evaluate the companies' performances against these success factors and provides recommendations to help Royal Caribbean improve its position in the industry.
This document presents two viewpoints on whether schools should screen children and teenagers for signs of mental illness and suicidal tendencies. Viewpoint 1 argues that screening can help identify at-risk youth and improve care, while opponents worry about overdiagnosis. Viewpoint 2 asserts that misdiagnoses are common since sadness is normal for teens, and inaccurate diagnoses can negatively impact teens and increase unnecessary treatment. The reflection considers both perspectives and concludes that focusing on improving care for diagnosed teens, rather than widespread screening, may be best to avoid potential harms of misdiagnosis.
For each of the learning objectives, provide an analysis of how thShainaBoling829
For each of the learning objectives, provide an analysis of how the course supported each objective.
1. Discriminate among the mechanisms of action for the major classes of drugs/medications
2. Critique evidence that supports proposed pharmacotherapeutic protocols for appropriateness of application across the lifespan
3. Integrate the teaching-learning needs of clients across the lifespan when proposing pharmacotherapies
4. Propose prescriptive therapies for selected clients evaluating safety factors while utilizing knowledge of how current health status, age, gender, culture, genetic factors, ethical concerns and prescriptive authority impact decision making
Explain how the material learned in this course, based upon the objectives, will be applicable to professional application.
Provide evidence (citations and references) to support your statements and opinions.
All references and citations should in APA format.
14
Mental Health and Social Work
Shanae Hampton
Cal Baptist University
Introduction
How well a person is able to live a full life, build and maintain relationships and pursue their education, profession or other pursuits requires them to maintain their well-being ranging from physical to mental health. When assisting others to achieve good and self-motivated changes, social workers draw on their relationship-based abilities and emphasize personalization and rehabilitation. A key issue is, "What components and obstacles of an assessment are there in order to reach these outcomes?" When it comes to health promotion and public involvement, social workers are well-suited for this role since primary care is all about these things. Social workers who deal with mental health have unique challenges in assessment, which necessitates them learning and using psychiatric principles. Identifying the need for mental health care requires an understanding of assessment principles.
For this research, the focus is on urban youth's increase in mental health cases which is more influenced by lack of access to mental health care as a result of poverty that affects many children and families in the US. Young people are the most impacted by poverty, accounting for 33% of the total number of individuals in poverty. Children who live in "high risk neighborhoods" are more likely to lack access to the mental health supports they need to manage their symptoms. Stabilization, individual treatment, and symptom management are all important aspects of aftercare for children who have been hospitalized for behavioral difficulties by the time they are six years old (Hodgkinson, 2017).
Literature Review
Inequality based on race and class has been shown to be associated with a variety of negative health outcomes, including poor mental health. Increased financial disparity is associated with an increase in the prevalence of mental illness along a social gradient in mental health. However, psychiatric and psychological approaches have dominated ment ...
Children and Families Forum Suicide Prevention for Children and AJinElias52
Children and Families Forum: Suicide Prevention for Children and AdolescentsBy Liza Greville, MA, LCSWSocial Work TodayVol. 17 No. 5 P. 32
With the release of the Netflix drama 13 Reasons Why in March 2017, social workers from middle schools to colleges and universities across the country found themselves plunged into conversations with adolescents and young adults around topics related to suicide. While many mental health professionals objected strongly to the series, saying it contains harmful messages about the inevitability of suicide, the ability to achieve revenge through suicide, the absence of helpful others, and insufficient messages about the availability of help and support, most professionals acknowledged that, apart from these concerns, the series opened a space for conversation on a topic that is shrouded in stigma, fear, pain, and misunderstanding.
By having an accurate understanding of the scope of the problem, confronting myths and imprecise language, and using best practices in screening, intervention, and prevention, social workers have a critical role in helping children, adolescents, and young adults move through a suicidal crisis to emotional wellness.
Data on Suicide
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), suicide was the 10th-leading cause of death for all ages in 2013. Suicide was the third-leading cause of death among persons aged 10 to 14, and the second among persons aged 15 to 34, though middle-aged adults accounted for the largest proportion of suicides (56% in 2011). The percentage of adults having serious thoughts about suicide was highest among adults aged 18 to 25 (7.4%), followed by adults aged 26 to 49 (4%), then by adults aged 50 and older (2.7%) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015).
The following were noted among students in grades nine through 12 during 2013:
• Seventeen percent of students seriously considered attempting suicide in previous 12 months (22.4% of females and 11.6% of males).
• 13.6% of students made a plan about how they would attempt suicide in the previous 12 months (16.9% of females and 10.3% of males).
• Eight percent of students attempted suicide one or more times in previous 12 months (10.6% of females and 5.4% of males).
• 2.7% of students made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or an overdose that required medical attention (3.6% of females and 1.8% of males) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015).
New research presented in May 2017 at the Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting analyzed hospital admissions with a diagnosis of suicidal thoughts or behaviors and serious self-harm from 32 children's hospitals across that nation from 2008 to 2015. Researchers found the number of admissions has more than doubled during the past decade. The research found the largest increases among girls, and seasonal variations with the spring and fall having higher admission rates than summer (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2017 ...
Autism and Life Transitions: Hard Lessons Learned & Taught as a Person-Center...Cheryl Ryan Chan
In December of 2015, I presented this webinar to members of the National Association for Dual Diagnoses (thenadd.org). I've been conducting Person-Centered Plans for 4 years, and over that time I've seen a number of disturbing trends around the lack of understanding and planning for preparedness in transitioning students; in particular, in the areas of independent skill building specific to the anticipated environment, and personal safety skills. I feel it's important to talk about what I've observed and how my team of co-facilitators and I have identified and tackled these issues within the PCP process. I hope that the "lessons learned" will assist people in planning for IEP/ISP goals that can help maximize success. I offer it free to anyone who would like to attend.
1Running Head FINAL PROPOSAL CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEAL.docxdrennanmicah
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Running Head: FINAL PROPOSAL: CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
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FINAL PROPOSAL: CHILD ABUSE AND ADULT MENTAL HEALTH
Diamond Newton
Southern New Hampshire University
March 3, 2019
Problem Statement
Several adults struggle from a variety of mental health issues (suicidal thoughts and tendencies, alcoholism, depression, and drug abusers.) A lot of those issues may stem from what took place during an adult’s childhood that stem from a variety of reasons. Some adults seek help and some refuse to seek help. The adults who do seek help come to realize that their current issues stem from when they were a child and still developing as a human. Child abuse can come in many forms, physical, mental, and sexual. Adults who have been exposed or experienced this are likely to suffer from some form of mental health issue. It is important to figure out the root of mental health issues in adults so the root can be addressed. Children need to be in a healthy environment with nothing short of love and care. Exposing children to a harsh reality is only breeding them into an adult who suffers from mental health issues.
Literature Review
The study of psychology helps researchers to understand better what is going on with a person. Researchers studied what happened in a person's life that causes them to make the decisions they do and behave in a certain way. Adults have this stigmatism that they can do whatever they want because they are "grown." Many adults suffer from something that can cause to lead towards suicidal thoughts and tendencies, alcoholism, depression, and drug abusers. A lot of those issues may stem from what took place during an adult’s childhood. There could be some reasons adults tend to display certain mental health traits that have been studied in many different forms by researchers. What we will be reviewed is the abuse, physical or mental, that an adult endured as a child and how it affects them in their adulthood.
Blanco, C., Grant, B. F., Hasin, D. S., Lin, K. H., Olfson, M. Sugaya, L. (2012) recognized that child physical abuse had been associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts. The study conducted included Blacks, Hispanics and young adults between the ages of 18-24 in 2001-2002 and 2004-2005. In person, interviews were conducted in Wave 1. In Wave 2 used similar methods as Wave 1 but it excluded the individuals who were not eligible. Wave 2 also interviews went into depth about the questions asked for the participants first 17 years of life. There are many other variables that have been added to the data that relate to childhood physical abuse and mental health distress in adult years. Those other adversatives included the history of child sexual abuse and neglect, parental psychopathology, and perceived parental support, described as emotional neglect.
The advantages to this design would be the inclusion of other childhood adversities that could contribute to adult psychiatri.
The Tickled Pink campaign aims to increase awareness of major depressive disorder among female college students. The campaign's objectives are to increase awareness of MDD and traffic to their website, Tickled Pink, by 30%. Events include a tabling event during Mental Illness Awareness Week and a Wellness Wednesday meditation event. A Zoom conference with mental health professionals will also provide resources and support. Materials like flyers, infographics, and a website were created to promote the campaign messages and events.
The document outlines a campaign to raise awareness of major depressive disorder among female college students. The campaign's objectives are to increase awareness of MDD and traffic to their website, Tickled Pink. Their slogan "It's OKAY not to be okay" aims to show support and reduce stigma. Events planned include an information table, wellness activities, and a virtual discussion with mental health professionals. Materials created include flyers, infographics, a storyboard, video, and website to educate students on MDD and available support and treatment options.
Antidepressant Use in Youth Soars During and After Pandemic.docxfezziouiabdelmalek
The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on the world, impacting individuals and communities in profound ways. Young people, in particular, faced unique challenges as schools closed, social interactions dwindled, and anxieties surrounding the virus rose. This unprecedented disruption contributed to a concerning trend: a significant rise in antidepressant use among youth.
This concise book delves into this phenomenon, exploring the factors contributing to the increase, potential consequences, and alternative approaches to supporting youth mental health. By understanding the situation and exploring various avenues, we can work towards a future where young people have access to the resources and support they need to thrive.
1) This study recruited a cohort of 802 young people (aged 12-25) seeking help at four headspace youth mental health services in Australia to longitudinally examine a clinical staging model of mental disorders.
2) At baseline, the cohort showed heterogeneity in the nature and severity of mental health problems. 51% met criteria for generalized anxiety, 45% had moderate-severe depressive symptoms, and over a third had subthreshold psychotic symptoms. Impairment was also common, with 39% functionally impaired.
3) The variation in clinical presentations, from mild to severe psychopathology and impairment, makes this cohort well-suited to empirically test a clinical staging model of mental disorders longitudinally over time
CHAPTER NINEMedicating ChildrenThis chapter is divided into se.docxDinahShipman862
CHAPTER NINE
Medicating Children
This chapter is divided into seven sections. Section One is an overview that discusses current trends in medicating children, problems the trends cause, and directions for the future. It also discusses developmental issues. Section Two focuses on stimulant medication and the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Section Three focuses on research on combined interventions and particularly the Multimodal Treatment Study (MTA study) of Children with ADHD. Section Four focuses on children taking mood stabilizers. Section Five focuses on antipsychotics and children. Sections Six and Seven focus on anxiolytics and antidepressants in children, respectively.
SECTION ONE: PERSPECTIVES, DILEMMAS, AND FUTURE PARADIGMS
Learning Objectives
• Understand the problematic increase in psychotropic medications for children despite a dearth of evidence of the effectiveness of these drugs.
• Have a general understanding of the impact of the FDA Modernization Act and the Best Pharmaceuticals Act for Children.
• Be able to state the “developmental unknowns” associated with giving kids psychotropic medications.
Thus far, we have explored the medical model and psychological, cultural, and social perspectives as they relate to psychopharmacology. In this chapter, we demonstrate that using psychotropic medications with children and adolescents raises particular problems and concerns from several perspectives. As discussed in Chapter Three, we frequently see explanations and justifications from the medical model perspective used to reduce childhood disorders to chemical and genetic problems, excluding crucial consideration of environmental traumas, developmental foreclosures, or life stressors.
We explore child and adolescent psychopharmacology primarily from the medical model perspective but complement this approach with information from the other perspectives (psychological, cultural, and social). We set the stage by exploring the current status of the treatment of children and adolescents with mental and emotional disorders. This chapter is structured differently from the others in this book. We begin by discussing the context from the social and cultural perspectives and the problems with prescribing psychotropic medications to children. Then we cover an introduction to stimulants used to treat symptoms of ADHD. Finally, we give the status of their current use since the last edition of the book if that is possible.
THE COMPLEX STATE OF THERAPY
Dr. Frank O'Dell, Professor Emeritus of Counseling in the College of Education and Human Services at Cleveland State University, has argued in all his lectures on counseling children and adolescents that the United States is an “anti-kid” society (Personal Communication, 2001). By that he means fewer and fewer therapists and psychiatrists choose to treat or continue to work with children in counseling. To support his argument, O'Dell points out that resources for childre.
A Qualitative Assessment of Program Characteristics for individuals with FASDNaira Tahir
This document summarizes a qualitative study that aimed to identify characteristics of effective intervention programs for preventing secondary conditions in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Researchers conducted focus groups and interviews with 25 parents of children with FASD and 18 service providers. Five primary characteristics of effective programs were identified: 1) being available across the lifespan, 2) having a prevention focus, 3) being individualized, 4) being comprehensive, and 5) being well-coordinated across systems and developmental stages. The study findings can help guide the development and evaluation of new intervention programs for this population.
This document describes the methodology of the Transitions Study, which aims to test a clinical staging model of mental illness progression in young people. The study involves a longitudinal cohort of 802 young people aged 12-25 who are receiving care at youth mental health services in Australia. Annual follow-up assessments will track participants over time to investigate psychological, social, and genetic markers that may define clinical stage or predict transition to more severe stages of mental disorders. The results could improve understanding of mental illness development and identify targets for preventing progression.
Page 6 winter issue of empowerment magazinesacpros
The interview discusses the challenges faced by individuals with co-occurring addiction and mental health disorders, and strategies for treatment and recovery. The greatest risk is preventable premature death if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Becoming actively involved in treatment can boost resilience. Patients report that accepting difficulties and not feeling alone are important for progressing in recovery. The media often overgeneralizes these individuals, while family support groups and integrated treatment of substance use and mental health issues can help.
Page 6 winter issue of empowerment magazinesacpros
The interview discusses the challenges faced by individuals with co-occurring addiction and mental health disorders, and strategies for treatment and recovery. The greatest risk is preventable premature death if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Becoming actively involved in treatment increases patient resiliency. Learning to accept difficulties and not feeling alone are important for progressing through recovery. The media often overgeneralizes these individuals, while family support organizations can provide information to help loved ones cope. Integrated treatment of both substance abuse and mental health issues is important for recovery.
This document discusses several common myths and facts about mental health. It addresses myths such as mental health problems only affecting some people, children not experiencing issues, people with illnesses being violent, and recovery being impossible. The facts provided counter these, noting that mental health issues are very common, can begin in childhood, those with issues are rarely violent, and recovery is definitely possible with treatment and support. The document advocates for prevention efforts, and emphasizes the role friends and family can play in supporting treatment and challenging misconceptions.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the language used by 14-year-old students in England to describe people with mental illness. The researchers found that 400 out of 472 students provided 250 negative words and phrases. The words were grouped into five themes: 1) popular derogatory terms which accounted for nearly half the words, 2) negative emotional states, 3) confusion between mental illness and physical/learning disabilities, 4) limited use of psychiatric diagnoses, and 5) unexpected low reference to violence. The findings suggest that interventions are needed to address the students' lack of factual knowledge about mental illness and reduce their strong negative reactions.
Sahiba Verma and her teammates Shikha Suwetha and Aishwarya presented on the topic of mental health and wellbeing. They discussed that mental health refers to psychological, behavioral, and emotional well-being and how people think, feel and behave. It is more than just the absence of mental illness and includes the ability to understand one's emotions. Common myths about mental health were also dispelled, such as the misconception that only medications can treat mental illness or that everyone is either depressed or anxious. The COVID-19 pandemic was found to negatively impact mental health by increasing stress, anxiety, and risk of mental health disorders. Healthcare workers, children, and those in isolation or unemployment were particularly
The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) branch in New Orleans works to improve alarming figures of mentally ill individuals being killed by police by supporting the mentally ill and ensuring local police have proper training and resources. NAMI-New Orleans aims to reduce stigma, increase awareness and funding for mental illness research, and ensure non-discriminatory access to services and care. They envision a future where early diagnosis and treatments prevent mental illness from limiting potential.
The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) branch in New Orleans works to improve alarming figures of mental illness by supporting the mentally ill and ensuring local police have proper training and resources. NAMI-New Orleans aims to increase awareness and reduce stigma of mental illness while advocating for better access to healthcare, housing, education and employment. They envision a future where mental illness does not prevent people from reaching their full potential with early diagnosis and effective treatments.
Similar to RWJF_EDIPPP_Issue_Brief_Preventing_Psychosis (20)
1. The Early Detection and Intervention for the
Prevention of Psychosis Program (EDIPPP)
page 1
In 2005, social worker Sarah Lynch received an urgent call from a health center
nurse at the University of Southern Maine. The nurse had just attended a seminar
Lynch held to educate staff on mental illness in young adults. She was concerned
about a freshman who was hearing voices and seeing shadows, feeling fearful around
others, and struggling to stay in school.
Lynch immediately made an appointment to meet with the student on campus to
see whether she should be referred for care. The nurse’s hunch was right. The young
woman, Tiffany, was showing early warning signs of psychosis. Lynch learned that
Tiffany’s father suffered from schizophrenia, making her genetically at risk for this
condition. Lynch quickly got Tiffany into a program at the Maine Medical Center
where she received treatment and counseling. She worked with university staff to
make sure they had accommodations so that the Tiffany could complete college
during her treatment.
Today, Tiffany is a healthy, confident, and poised young adult, completing graduate
school to become a psychiatric nurse practitioner to work with patients like her
father and others like herself. This early intervention effort “gave me a second
chance,” she says. “I don’t think I would have been as successful if I didn’t get this
help when I did.”
CATCHING SYMPTOMS EARLY
Lynch works with psychiatrist William McFarlane at the Portland-based national
program office of the Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of
Psychosis Program (EDIPPP). Launched in 2006 with support from the Robert
Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF), EDIPPP has been collecting evidence from
six sites around the country on the effects of its early identification and treatment
model, which focuses heavily on pro-active community. The goal is to educate
families and those who routinely interact with at-risk youth—teachers, mental
health professionals, and doctors—about key signs to look for in young people to
identify and prevent psychosis before it starts.
“We are trying to catch these symptoms before they get worse and before they really
impact a young person’s life,” says Lynch. “We have learned that if we can intervene
earlier with these cases it can make a big difference in their future.”
The goal is to
educate families
and those who
routinely interact
with at-risk
youth—teachers,
mental health
professionals, and
doctors—about
key signs to look
for in young people
to identify and
prevent psychosis
before it starts.
ISSUE BRIEF
March 2013
Preventing Psychosis in Young People:
The Promise of Early Identification and Care
2. page 2
Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Program
Other countries, including Australia, the United Kingdom, and Norway, have
embraced this approach to mental illness prevention. However, the United
States has been slower to adopt this strategy. With evidence from the EDIPPP
effectiveness study, RWJF hopes to accelerate action toward changing the way
serious mental illness is addressed in the U.S., with a new emphasis on promoting
early intervention.
LOOKING TO REPLICATE A PROMISING MODEL
The national EDIPPP study emerged from a model McFarlane established at Maine
Medical Center in 2001—the Portland Identification and Early Referral program
or PIER. PIER’s success in keeping kids like Tiffany from converting to full-fledged
psychosis through its strong outreach to professionals and family members and its
multi-faceted treatment protocols caught RWJF’s attention.
“We were really intrigued by the results the PIER project was seeing and wondered
whether this could be replicated,” says Jane Lowe, Ph.D., senior advisor at RWJF.
“The idea that you could identify the most at-risk youth in the community early,
and that you didn’t have to wait until young people become psychotic or suicidal
to intervene seemed like a promising approach that could really advance knowledge
and change the way we think about how we treat serious mental illness.”
For five years, the six EDIPPP sites – Portland, Maine; Albuquerque, N.M.; Salem,
Ore.; Ypsilanti, Mich.; Sacramento, Calif.; and Glen Oaks, N.Y.—have participated
in a formal study examining the effect of pro-actively educating thousands of
community members, health professionals and educators about the early signs of
severe mental illness, with the goal of identifying at-risk teens and young adults early
and getting them into immediate treatment. The study examined whether multi-
pronged, evidence-based treatment interventions improved outcomes, and whether
this model of care has the potential to work in communities beyond Portland with
very different populations and unique cultural attitudes toward mental health.
Although the research team is still analyzing the data from the EDIPPP sites,
the qualitative findings are extremely promising. In fact, California already has
replicated the model in a handful of other sites including Ventura, Santa Clara, and
San Diego that didn’t participate in the original study. And, these sites are showing
reduced hospitalization rates among teens and young adults in treatment and fewer
“conversions” to full-blown psychosis.
3. page 3
PAY NOW, OR PAYING LATER
Mental illness has been viewed as a disease of early adulthood. But the onset of
bipolar disorder or schizophrenia typically occurs in teens and young adults. In fact,
about half of all lifetime cases of mental illnesses start at age 14 (16.5 years is the
average). Symptoms in three-quarters of mental illness cases appear by age 24. About
one in 10 children and teens suffer from mental illness severe enough to cause some
level of impairment.
A psychotic disorder typically emerges gradually over months or even years. But over
the past two decades, mounting research has shown that there is a pre-psychotic
or “prodromal” phase for those who develop these disorders. McFarlane and other
experts believe that improving identification of symptoms that appear during this
phase creates an opportunity to get young at-risk people into treatment early and
significantly enhance their long-term outcomes. In fact, a January 2013 analysis of
studies that appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association’s Psychiatry
confirms that intervening early can dramatically change the trajectory for those with
vulnerability to psychotic illnesses.
Because early symptoms of psychosis often go undetected, there is great interest in
developing public health interventions that help get young people into treatment
sooner. McFarlane and EDIPPP participants hope that the lessons learned through
the national EDIPPP study help influence state and federal policy-makers seeking to
improve the country’s mental health system in the wake of recent events that have
revealed serious gaps in the way the U.S. funds and treats mental illness.
It’s hard to overestimate the impact that severe, untreated mental illness has on an
individual, a family, and society. According to the World Health Organization, the
impact of neuropsychiatric disorders is greater than the burden caused by any other
medical disease. Many people with psychosis don’t finish high school. They also
struggle to maintain steady employment. Some become permanently disabled and
are unable to work; some live on the streets or wind up in jail; and most spend their
lives dependent on family support or public assistance.
Through the EDIPPP model of detection and intervention, “people now know what
to do when they see these early warning symptoms,” says McFarlane. “If we can
direct kids away from severe mental illness and long-term disability—that will have
huge social and economic implications.” He adds that it makes no sense to wait until
someone has a psychotic episode to begin treatment, particularly with young people.
“If this was cancer, we wouldn’t wait if we could prevent its spread. We’re trying to
intervene early to prevent a serious illness that can have lifelong consequences.”
Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Program
4. page 4
HAVING TOOLS TO TAKE ACTION
While it may seem intuitive, EDIPPP project leaders say many health professionals,
including pediatricians and nurses, who come into contact with young people at risk
of serious mental illness don’t always recognize it. They also don’t know where they
can refer a young person for treatment if they suspect the person is struggling.
A fundamental component of PIER and EDIPPP is educating community members
through outreach. And it appears that this education has made a difference.
According to an analysis of EDIPPP’s efforts published in the Journal of Public
Mental Health in 2012, participants across all sites said they were learning new
information. Before the project began aggressive outreach and education, the
majority of participants reported that they were not knowledgeable about the early
warning signs of psychosis, the referral process, or EDIPPP services. But following
their participation, people at each site reported large gains in knowledge in all of
these areas. In fact, the study showed that referrals tended to increase as outreach
activities reached more members.
“Community outreach is a big part of this,” says Lynch. “You can’t identify these
cases without going into the community to schools, private practices, and primary
care settings. Many of the professionals we reach out to don’t fully understand
psychosis; even people in the field, including mental health professionals, don’t
understand the early warning signs.”
The EDIPPP model:
• Educates the community, particularly school professionals, mental health
clinicians, and primary care doctors, who are likely to encounter youth;
• Identifies and equips the groups to identify young people who are displaying
early signs;
• Evaluates a person’s risk for actual psychosis;
• Engages individuals and families in the treatment process and equips them with
the skills to complement professional support geared toward preventing full-
blown episodes;
• Treats patients with counseling and, if necessary, medications; and
• Establishes networks with professionals to provide on-going educational,
occupational, and social support.
For many young people and their families, getting preventive mental health care
in the community is a unique experience. Too often, treatment occurs post-crisis,
after they have been hospitalized, often against their will. Lynch says connecting
vulnerable young people with appropriate treatment and support services early helps
them learn to recognize their own “warning symptoms” and take better care of their
health over a longer period of time.
Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Program
“McFarlane says
he hopes that
the EDIPPP
results will help
demonstrate that
it’s time to apply
a new model of
prevention to severe
mental illness. It
would be especially
tragic if we keep
doing things the
way we have been
in spite of the fact
that we know how
to do otherwise.”
— Bill McFarlane, MD,
EDIPPP Director
5. page 5
Early Detection and Intervention for the Prevention of Psychosis Program
A PROMISING LANDSCAPE AHEAD
As McFarlane and team gear up to report their final results, the EDIPPP model
appears to be taking hold amid an environment where interest in shoring up the
mental health system is at a high level. There is greater awareness and acceptance
of the link between good mental health and physical health. As a result of the 2008
Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act, there are opportunities to redesign
mental health services and increase access and care. In addition, many communities
are adopting a Mental Health First Aid initiative to foster better ways of identifying,
understanding, and responding to signs of mental illness.
And states like California and Oregon are moving rapidly to expand early detection
and intervention projects based on the EDIPPP model. California, which has
dedicated funds for early intervention programs, has been touted as a potential
national model.
The next step is figuring out how to bring this new model of mental health care to
the entire country and identify sustainable sources of funding. McFarlane says he
hopes that the EDIPPP results will help demonstrate that it’s time to apply a new
model of prevention to severe mental illness. “It would be especially tragic if we
keep doing things the way we have been in spite of the fact that we know how
to do otherwise.”