Material management involves planning, organizing, and controlling the flow of materials from initial purchase through internal use to ensure the right quality, quantity, and cost of supplies are obtained at the right time and place. Key aspects of material management include procurement, inventory control, storage, and disposal. The objectives are to gain economy, satisfy demand, stabilize consumption, provide reasonable service levels, and achieve continuity of supply while maintaining quality and supplier relationships. ABC analysis, VED analysis, and FSN analysis are used to prioritize materials for different levels of control. Maintenance and condemnation procedures help optimize equipment use.
NURSING MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION
INVENTORY CONTROL AND PROCUREMENT OF HOSPITAL SUPPLIES, THEIR MAINTENANCE AND KEEPING THE STOCK UP TO DATE IS ONE OF THE BASIC DUTIES OF A NURSE. KNOWING ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES HELPS IN EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT IN THE WARD.
NURSING MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION
INVENTORY CONTROL AND PROCUREMENT OF HOSPITAL SUPPLIES, THEIR MAINTENANCE AND KEEPING THE STOCK UP TO DATE IS ONE OF THE BASIC DUTIES OF A NURSE. KNOWING ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES HELPS IN EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF HOSPITAL SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT IN THE WARD.
Human resource management in hospital and community servicesKULDEEP VYAS
HRM is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment ,managing and providing direction for the people working in that organization.
*It is the organizational function dealing with issues related to people such as hiring, compensation, performance management ,safety, organization development, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration and training.
Yang Ke is the Regional Contracts Manager at Intel and oversees the performance of APAC IFM service contracts and provides the strategic sourcing direction for regional programs related to buildings & facilities services’ procurement and contracting. Working for leading MNCs over 15 years, he has a proven track record in strategic sourcing leadership, commodities management, procurement operation, goods & services’ purchasing, contracting strategy development and contracts negotiation, and accumulated rich experiences of complex services contracting, suppliers development, claims-handling, as well as procurement operation optimization. His project and program management experiences range from power plants construction, construction of Semiconductor Assembly & Test factories, factory tools installation & hook-up, factory retrofit, construction and fit-up of office buildings (with labs), to outsourcing of comprehensive facilities service management, etc.
Human resource management in hospital and community servicesKULDEEP VYAS
HRM is the function within an organization that focuses on recruitment ,managing and providing direction for the people working in that organization.
*It is the organizational function dealing with issues related to people such as hiring, compensation, performance management ,safety, organization development, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration and training.
Yang Ke is the Regional Contracts Manager at Intel and oversees the performance of APAC IFM service contracts and provides the strategic sourcing direction for regional programs related to buildings & facilities services’ procurement and contracting. Working for leading MNCs over 15 years, he has a proven track record in strategic sourcing leadership, commodities management, procurement operation, goods & services’ purchasing, contracting strategy development and contracts negotiation, and accumulated rich experiences of complex services contracting, suppliers development, claims-handling, as well as procurement operation optimization. His project and program management experiences range from power plants construction, construction of Semiconductor Assembly & Test factories, factory tools installation & hook-up, factory retrofit, construction and fit-up of office buildings (with labs), to outsourcing of comprehensive facilities service management, etc.
This quick case study demonstrates TQMI's process improvement work within a building society. TQMI worked with this client to help fix processes that were frustrating staff members, frustrating customers and causing them compliance errors.
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Presented during Day Two of the 2016 Nigeria Health Care Financing Training Workshop. Presented by Dr. Sylvester Akande and Prof. Tanimola Akande. More: https://www.hfgproject.org/hcf-training-nigeria
Reliability testing is critical for new component qualification, design change validation, or field failure simulation for root cause analysis. In many cases, with tight project schedules and scarce available resources, some important critical characteristics of a component or subsystem are overlooked. This will potentially result in new failure modes after implementing changes in production. The author will explain how to develop an effective test plan using the 6σ (Six Sigma) problem solving process, IDOV (Identify, Design, Optimize and Validation), to make the testing simple but efficient.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
By
DR.I.SELVARAJ, I.R.M.S
Sr.D.M.O (Selection Grade Officer) (on study leave),
INDIAN RAILWAYS MEDICAL SERVICE
B.Sc., M.B.B.S., D.P.H (Madras medical college, Recognized by MCI).,
D.I.H., PGCH&FW (NIHFW, New Delhi)
III rd year Post graduate student in M.D Community medicine
Department of Community medicine
Sree Ramachandra Medical College,
Porur,Chennai
2. Definition
It is concerned with planning, organizing and
controlling the flow of materials from their initial
purchase through internal operations to the service
point through distribution.
OR
Material management is a scientific technique,
concerned with Planning, Organizing &Control of flow
of materials, from their initial purchase to destination.
3. AIM OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
To get
1. The Right quality
2. Right quantity of supplies
3. At the Right time
4. At the Right place
5. For the Right cost
4. PURPOSE OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT
•To gain economy in purchasing
•To satisfy the demand during period of replenishment
•To carry reserve stock to avoid stock out
•To stabilize fluctuations in consumption
•To provide reasonable level of client services
5. Objective of material management
Primary
•Right price Secondary
•High turnover •Forecasting
•Low procurement •Inter-departmental
•& storage cost harmony
•Continuity of supply •Product improvement
•Consistency in quality •Standardization
•Good supplier •Make or buy decision
relations •New materials & products
•Development of •Favorable reciprocal
personnel relationships
•Good information
system
6. Economy in material management
•Containing the costs
•Instilling efficiency in all activities
7. Four basic needs of Material
management
• To have adequate materials on hand when needed
• To pay the lowest possible prices, consistent with
quality and value requirement for purchases
materials
• To minimize the inventory investment
• To operate efficiently
8. Basic principles of material management
• Effective management & supervision
It depends on managerial functions of
• Planning
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Directing
• Controlling
• Reporting
• Budgeting
2. Sound purchasing methods
3.Skillful & hard poised negotiations
4.Effective purchase system
5.Should be simple
6.Must not increase other costs
7.Simple inventory control programme
9. Elements of material management
• Demand estimation
• Identify the needed items
• Calculate from the trends in Consumption during last
2 years.
• Review with resource constraints
10. Functional areas of material management
1. Purchasing
2. Central service supply
3. Central stores
4. The print shops
5. The pharmacy
6. Dietary
& Linen services
11. PROCUREMENT
1. Directorate general of supply & disposal
(DGS & D, Govt. Of India]
2. Medical stores depot (M. S.D. Government
of India, Ministry of H & FW]
3. Private or public sector undertakings.
4. Receiving donations.
13. Objectives of procurement system
•Acquire needed supplies as inexpensively as possible
•Obtain high quality supplies
•Assure prompt & dependable delivery
•Distribute the procurement workload to avoid period of
idleness & overwork
•Optimize inventory management through scientific
procurement procedures
14. FLOW OF PROCUREMENT DECISIONS
DRUG REQUIREMENTS
DRUG REQUIREMENTS
YES
DETERMINE DRUGS & DRUG
DETERMINE DRUGS & DRUG
DONATION
DONATION REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
SOURCE
SOURCE ADJUST
ADJUST
QUANTITIES
QUANTITIES
NO
YES DETERMINE DRUGS & DRUG
DETERMINE DRUGS & DRUG
GOVERNMENT
GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION
ADJUST
ADJUST
NO QUANTITIES
QUANTITIES
PURCHASE
PURCHASE
REQUIREMENTS
REQUIREMENTS
NO NO NO
OPEN TENDER
OPEN TENDER RESTRICTED
RESTRICTED NEGOTIATED
NEGOTIATED DIRECT
DIRECT
TENDER
TENDER TENDER
TENDER PURCHASE
PURCHASE
YES
YES YES YES
REQUEST OFFERS FROM
REQUEST OFFERS FROM LOCATE
LOCATE CONTACT
CONTACT
CALL FOR
CALL FOR RELIABLE
ELIGIBLE SUPPLIERS
ELIGIBLE SUPPLIERS RELIABLE
RELIABLE RELIABLE
OFFERS
OFFERS SUPPLIER
SUPPLIERS
SUPPLIERS SUPPLIER
EVALUATE &
EVALUATE & EVALUATE OFFERS
EVALUATE OFFERS NEGOTIATE PRICE &
NEGOTIATE PRICE & ESTABLISH
ESTABLISH
SELECT SUPPLIER
SELECT SUPPLIER & SELECT
& SELECT SUPPLY CONDITIONS
SUPPLY CONDITIONS PRICE
PRICE
SUPPLIERS
SUPPLIERS
PURCHASE ORDER
PURCHASE ORDER PURCHASE ORDER //
PURCHASE ORDER PURCHASE
PURCHASE PURCHASE
PURCHASE
// CONTRACT
CONTRACT CONTRACT
CONTRACT ORDER //
ORDER ORDER //
ORDER
CONTRACT
CONTRACT CONTRACT
CONTRACT
DRUGS RECEIVED, CHECKED AGAINST PURCHASE ORDER //CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS & CLEARED
DRUGS RECEIVED, CHECKED AGAINST PURCHASE ORDER CONTRACT SPECIFICATIONS & CLEARED
FOR DISTRIBUTION
FOR DISTRIBUTION
15. Open tender
•Public bidding, resulting in low prices
•Published in newspapers
•Term - 4 weeks
•Quotations must be sent in the specific forms
that are sold, before the time &date mentioned in
the tender form
•In technical items, ‘two packets or two bins’
system is followed. Offers are given in two
separate packets.
•Technical bid
•Financial bid
Cont……
16. •First technical bid is opened & short listed
•Then financial bid of selected companies are
opened & lowest is selected
•Delayed tenders & late tenders are not accepted.
But if, in case of delayed tenders, if the rate quoted
is very less, then it can be accepted.
•Quotations are opened in presence of indenting
department, accounts & authorized persons of party
•Validity of tenders – generally 90 days
17. Earnest money
2 % of the tender amount or as decided has to be paid
along with all quotations. In case of default 1/5 is withheld
Restricted or limited tender
From limited suppliers (about 10)
Lead-time is reduced
Better quality
Negotiated procurement
Buyer approaches selected potential Suppliers & bargain
directly
Used in long time supply contracts
Direct procurement
Purchased from single supplier, at his quoted price
Prices may be high
Reserved for proprietary materials, or low priced, small
quantity & emergency purchases
18. Rate contract
Firms are asked to supply stores at specified Rates
during the period covered by the Contract
Spot purchase
It is done by a committee, which includes an officer
from stores, accounts & purchasing departments
Risk purchase
If supplier fails, the item is purchased from other
agencies & the difference in cost is recovered from
the first supplier
19. Points to remember while purchasing
•Proper specification
•Invite quotations from reputed firms
•Comparison of offers based on basic price, freight & insurance,
taxes and levies
•Quantity & payment discounts
•Payment terms
•Delivery period, guarantee
•Vendor reputation
(reliability, technical capabilities, Convenience, Availability, after-
sales service, sales assistance)
•Short listing for better negotiation terms
•Seek order acknowledgement
20. Storage
•Store must be of adequate space
•Materials must be stored in an appropriate place
• in a correct way
•Group wise & alphabetical arrangement helps in
•identification & retrieval
•First-in, first-out principle to be followed
•Monitor expiry date
•Follow two bin or double shelf system, to avoid
•Stock outs
•Reserve bin should contain stock that will cover
•lead time and a small safety stock
Issue & use
Can be centralized or decentralized
21. Inventory control
It means stocking adequate number and
kind of stores, so that the materials are
available whenever required and wherever
required. Scientific inventory control results
in optimal balance
22. Functions of inventory control
•To provide maximum supply service,
consistent with maximum efficiency &
optimum investment.
•To provide cushion between forecasted &
actual demand for a material
23. Economic order of quantity
EOQ = Average Monthly Consumption X Lead Time [in
months] + Buffer Stock – Stock on hand
ECONOMIC ORDER OF
QUANTITY(EOQ)
PURCHASING CARRYING
COST COST
24. •Re-order level: stock level at which fresh
order is placed.
•Average consumption per day x lead time +
buffer stock
•Lead time: Duration time between placing
an order & receipt of material
•Ideal – 2 to 6 weeks.
25. ABC ANALYSIS
(ABC = Always Better Control)
This is based on cost criteria.
It helps to exercise selective control when confronted
with large number of items it rationalizes the number of
orders, number of items & reduce the inventory.
About 10 % of materials consume 70 % of resources
About 20 % of materials consume 20 % of resources
About 70 % of materials consume 10 % of resources
26. ‘A’ ITEMS
Small in number, but consume large amount
of resources
Must have:
•Tight control
•Rigid estimate of requirements
•Strict & closer watch
•Low safety stocks
•Managed by top management
27. ‘C’ ITEMS
Larger in number, but consume lesser amount of
resources
Must have:
•Ordinary control measures
•Purchase based on usage estimates
•High safety stocks
ABC analysis does not stress on items those are
less costly but may be vital
28. ANNUAL COST CUMMULATIVE
ITEM % ITEM COST %
AB C [Rs.] COST [Rs.]
1 90000 90000
10 % 70 %
A 2 50000 140000
3 20000 160000
N 4 7500 167500
20 % 20 %
A 5 7500 175000
6 5000 180000
L
7 4500 184500
Y 8 4000 188500
S 9 2750 191250
10 1750 193000
I 11 1500 194500
S 12 1500 196000
13 500 196500 10 %
70 %
14 500 197000
15 500 197500
WORK 16 500 198000
S HE ET 17 500 198500
18 500 199000
19 500 199500
20 500 200000
29. ‘B’ ITEM
Intermediate
Must have:
•Moderate control
•Purchase based on rigid requirements
•Reasonably strict watch & control
•Moderate safety stocks
•Managed by middle level management
30. VED ANALYSIS
•Based on critical value & shortage cost of an item
–It is a subjective analysis.
•Items are classified into:
Vital:
•Shortage cannot be tolerated.
Essential:
•Shortage can be tolerated for a short period.
Desirable:
Shortage will not adversely affect, but may be using more
resources. These must be strictly Scrutinized
V E D ITEM COST
A AV AE AD CATEGORY 1 10 70%
B BV BE BD CATEGORY 2 20 20%
C CV CE CD CATEGORY 3 70 10%
CATEGORY 1 - NEEDS CLOSE MONITORING & CONTROL
CATEGORY 2 - MODERATE CONTROL.
CATEGORY 3 - NO NEED FOR CONTROL
31. SDE ANALYIS
Based on availability
Scarce
Managed by top level management
Maintain big safety stocks
Difficult
Maintain sufficient safety stocks
Easily available
Minimum safety stocks
FSN ANALYSIS
Based on utilization.
Fast moving.
Slow moving.
Non-moving.
Non-moving items must be periodically reviewed to prevent
expiry
& obsolescence
HML ANALYSIS
Based on cost per unit
Highest
Medium
Low
This is used to keep control over consumption
at departmental level for deciding the frequency of physical verification.
32. PROCURMENT OF EQUIPMENT
Points to be noted before purchase of an
equipment:
•Latest technology
•Availability of maintenance & repair facility,
with minimum down time
•Post warranty repair at reasonable cost
•Upgradeability
•Reputed manufacturer
•Availability of consumables
•Low operating costs
•Installation
•Proper installation as per guidelines
33. HISTORY SHEET OF EQUIPMENT :
History sheet
•Name of equipment •After sales arrangement
•Code number •Guarantee period
•Date of purchase •Warranty period
•Name of supplier •Life of equipment
•Name of manufacturer •Down time / up time
•Date of installation •Cost of maintenance
•Place of installation •Unserviceable date
•Date of commissioning •Date of condemnation
•Environmental control •Date of replacement
•Spare parts inventory
•Techn. Manual / circuit
diagrams / literatures
34. Maintenance sheet:
Annual maintenance contract [AMC]
Starting date
Expiry date
Service / repair description
Materials / spares used
Cost of repairs
In-house
Outside agency
35. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE & CONDEMNATION
Maintenance & repairs:
Preventive maintenance
Master maintenance plan
Repair of equipment
36. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
•Purchase with warranty & spares.
•Safeguard the electronic equipments with: (as per
guidelines)
•Voltage stabilizer, UPS
•Automatic switch over generator
•Requirement of electricity, water, space, atmospheric
conditions, etc. Must be taken into consideration
•Well equipped maintenance cell must be available
•All equipment must be operated as per instructions with
trained staff
•Monitoring annual maintenance contracts. (AMC)
•Maintenance cell
•Communications between maintenance cell & suppliers of
the equipment.
•Follow-up of maintenance & repair services
•Repair of equipment
•Outside agencies
•In-house facility
37. CONDEMNATION & DISPOSAL
Criteria for condemnation:
The equipment has become:
1. Non-functional & beyond economical repair
2. Non-functional & obsolete
3. Functional, but obsolete
4. Functional, but hazardous
5. Functional, but no longer required
38. PROCEDURE FOR CONDEMNATION
1. Verify records.
2. History sheet of equipment
3. Log book of maintenance & repairs
4. Performance record of equipment
5. Put up in proper form & to the proper authority
39. DISPOSAL
1. Circulate to other units, where it is needed
2. Return to the vendor, if willing to accept
3. Sell to agencies, scrap dealers, etc
4. Auction
5. Local destruction
40. CONCLUSION
Material management is an important management tool which will be
very useful in getting the right quality & right quantity of supplies at
right time, having good inventory control & adopting sound methods
of condemnation & disposal will improve the efficiency of the
organization & also make the working atmosphere healthy any type
of organization, whether it is Private, Government ,Small
organization, Big organization and Household.
Even a common man must know the basics of material management
so that he can get the best of the available resources and make it a
habit to adopt the principles of material management in all our daily
activities