The document summarizes the performance of several supercomputers on the Green500 list from 2004 to 2011. It notes that the BG/Q system from 2011 had the highest performance on the list with 205 gigaflops per watt, greatly improving upon the BG/L from 2004 which achieved 0.33 gigaflops per watt. It also highlights that the MinoTauro system, based in Spain, was the highest ranked European system and 7th overall on the November 2011 Green500 list with an efficiency of 1266 megaflops per watt, demonstrating Europe's competitiveness in energy-efficient supercomputing.

1. Green/Top 500 June 2011
Top500 rank
Processor CPU Type Cores CPU Speed Peak FP Power Gflops/ Date
wat
BG/L PPC 440 2 700 MHz 5.6 GF 17 watts 0.33 2004
BG/P PPC 450 4 850 MHz 13.6 GF 16 watts 0.85 2007
BG/Q PPC A2 18 1.6 GHz 205 GF 55 watts 3.72 2011
BG/L: 205 Mflops/watt
BG/Q: 1689 Mflops/watt
BG/P: 379 Mflops/watt
BG/Q: 2000 Mflops/watt
Mflops/watt
Mexico DF, November, 2011
SBAC-PAD, Vitoria October 28th, 2011 41
Green500
MinoTauro - First in Europe
● - November 2011
● Most performing system in Europe
● World: 7
● 1st of the 3rd architecture in the list
● 1266.26
1266 26 Mflops/Watt
●
● Most performing system in Spain
● World: 114, Europe: 35
● 15 Tflops peak en x86_64
● 167 Tflops peak en GPU
● 128 compute nodes
● 2 Intel chips, E5649 2,53 GHz 6-Cores
● 2 GPU NVIDIA M2090
● 24 GB RAM DDR3, 1 SSD 250GB
● 2 x IB QDR
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2. MinoTauro: the most
energy-efficient computer in Europe
MinoTauro is highest ranking
European machine in the November
2011 edition of the Green500 List
The 7th most energy-efficient in the
energ efficient
world, the 3rd by architecture
Based on bullx nodes, equipped with
Intel processors and NVIDIA GPUs
“The Bullx systems help institutions to
reinforce Europe’s future competitiveness.
Bull strongly believes in this
competitiveness, which can only be
expressed through joining our R+D
capabilities. In this sense the BSC is an
example to all of us.”
Julio del Valle, Director of Bull Spain
Mexico DF, November, 2011 43
Mexico DF, November, 2011 Thanks to S. Borkar 44
2

3. Mexico DF, November, 2011 Thanks to S. Borkar 45
Mexico DF, November, 2011 Thanks Bill Dally 46
3

4. Mexico DF, November, 2011 47
… and systems
● PRACE prototype @ BSC: ARM + mobile
GPU
Tegra3 Q7 module:
1x Tegra3 SoC
4x Corext-A9 @ 1.5 GHz Rack:
4 GB DDR3 DRAM 32x Board container
1U Multi-board container:
6 GFLOPS 10x 48-port 1GbE switches
1x Board container
~4 Watt 256x Q7 carrier boards
8x Q7 carrier boards
1 Gbe interconnect 256x Tegra3 SoC
32x ARM Corext-A9 Cores
1024x ARM Corext-A9 Cores
8x GT520MX GPU
256x GT520MX GPU
Nvidia GeForce 520MX 32 GB DDR3 DRAM
1TB DDR3 DRAM
48 CUDA cores @ 900 MHz 1.2 TFLOPS
38 TFLOPS
142 GFLOPS ~140 Watt
~5 Kwatt
12 Watts
11.8 GFLOPS / W 7.5 GFLOPS / W
● Mont-blanc
Mont blanc
● EC funded project, Just started
● Low power, Embedded technology
exascale
● Low power components + MPI/OmpSs
● Integrated prototype, applications and
future system design
48 Mont-Blanc ICT-288777
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4

5. EU Mont-Blanc project
Exascale approach using European embedded power-efficient technology
● Objective 1: Develop a prototype system based on #1 competitive
embedded technology
● 2013: Scalable to 50 PFLOPS on 7 Mwatts (7 GFLOPS / Watt
(
efficiency) #1 competitive
● Objective 2: Design next-generation system to lead the Exascale
race
● 2017: Scalable to 200 PFLOPS on 10 Mwatts (20 GFLOPS / Watt)
● Objective 3: Develop a suite of exascale-class applications using the
OmpSs task-based programming model for scalability and efficiency
Hw and Sw providers HPC application
and integrators providers
Mexico DF, November, 2011 49
Energy-efficient prototype
series @ BSC
200 PFLOPS
10 MWatt
20 GF/W
50 PFLOPS
7 MWatt
7 GF/W 1024 nodes
152 TFLOPS
20 Kwatt
256 nodes
512 GFLOPS
3.5 GF/W 1.7 Kwatt
0 2 GF/W
0.2
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
● Start from COTS components
● Move on to integrated systems and custom HPC technology
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6. Mont-Blanc: designing a new
energy-efficient Exascale machine
Project will: Build a fully functional
prototype using commercially available
low-power embedded technology
Design
D i an E Exascale machine t
l hi to
overcome limitations identified in the
prototype
Develop Exascale applications to run on
this new generation of HPC systems
“Supercomputers, once built from hancrafted
circuitry, were t
i it transformed when companies
f d h i
started assembling them from inexpensive PC-
style microprocessors. Researchers in
Barcelona are placing an early bet that the
next big leap will be cellphone chips.”
The Wall Street Journal
Mexico DF, November, 2011 51
Barcelona Supercomputing Center
● The BSC-CNS objectives:
● R&D in Computer Sciences, Life Sciences and Earth Sciences
● Supercomputing support to external research
● BSC-CNS is a consortium that includes :
● the Spanish Government (MEC) – 51%
● the Catalonian Government (DIUE) – 37%
● the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) – 12%
● 350 people
l
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7. Location
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Zaragoza, Marzo, 2011
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7

8. Spanish Supercomputing Network
BSC - MareNostrum
Processor: 10240 PowerPC 970 2.3 GHz
Memory: 20 TBytes
Disk: 462 TBytes
Network: Myrinet, Gigabit, 10/100
System: Linux
UPM
Processor: 3920 Power7 3.3 GHz
Memory: 7.8 TBytes
Disk: 190 TBytes
Network: IB QDR, Gigabit, 10/100
System: Linux
IAC, UMA, UC, UZ, UV
Process: 512 PowerPC 970 2.2 GHz
Memory: 1 TByte
Disk: 14 + 10 TBytes
Network: Myrinet Gigabit 10/100
Myrinet, Gigabit,
System: Linux
Gobierno Canarias (ITC)
Process: 336 PowerPC 970 2.3 GHz
Memory: 672 GByte
Disk: 3 TBytes
Network: Myrinet, Gigabit, 10/100
System: Linux
Mexico DF, November, 2011 55
BSC in Europe – Current Projects
Computer Sciences
Storage Systems
Computer
C
Architecture Grid Computing
(3 groups) and Clusters
Autonomic Systems
and e-Business
Platforms
Programming OPTIMIS
Models
HOPSA‐EU
Performance Tools
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9. BSC in Europe - Current Projects
Applications COPA
GT
Earth Sciences Field-AC
Life Sciences PELE TRANSPLANT BLUEPRINT
Operations
Mexico DF, November, 2011 57
BSC in Europe – Finished Projects
Computer Sciences
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10. BSC-Microsoft Institute
● Created in January 2008… collaboration started in April
2006
● Microsoft Research Cambridge
y Redmond
● Research topics:
● Transational Memory
● Advanced architectures for mobile devices
● Object-oriented computer architecture
● St ff
Staff:
● 3 senior PhD and 25 PhD students
Mexico DF, November, 2011 59
Intel and BSC announce
Exascale R&D Lab
Multi-year agreement signed to create
the Intel and BSC Exascale
Laboratory in Barcelona
Focus on Programming Models,
Performance Tools and Applications
Lab latest member of European
research network Intel Labs Europe
“BSC is one of Europe’s most renowned HPC
labs and offers very interesting technology
to scale run time systems, tools and
applications up to exascale level.”
Stephen Pawlowski, Intel Senior Fellow and
general manager of Intel’s Datacenter and
Connected Systems Pathfinding (11-17-2011) (11-17-2011)
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