Masonry and Materials

1. MASONRY AND MATERIALS
LO1. identify materials and tools applicable to a specific construction job;
LO2. request appropriate materials and tools; and
LO3. receive and inspect materials.

2. What is Masonry?
• Masonry is the structural construction of component parts laid in
and bound together by a material called mortar.
• These individual materials which are introduced in any structure
for various purposes and patterns may be tile, brick, granite,
limestone, glass and concrete block, stucco, marble, stone, and
travertine.
• The production of masonry units should generally conform to the
requirements in the 2003 International Building Code (IBC)
Section 2103.

3. Stone Types and Varieties of Bond Pattern
• 1. Ashlar is a quarry cut to produce smooth, flat bedding surface that
stack easily. It is generally cut into small rectangles with sawed or
dressed face
• 2. Random ashlar is an arrangement of stones where in various sizes
are used to make courses that are not continuous for the whole
length of the wall. However, course ashlar has a formal appearance.
• 3. Rubble is a stone that is irregular in size, shape and texture. Field
stone is one type of rubble. Random rubble is usually dry – laid but
can also be mortared. Course rubble has a neater appearance than
random rubble but more difficult to construct and requires a large
selection of stones.

7. BRICKS - There are three classifications of
bricks
• 1. Common Bricks are made from clay
and sold at the market
• 2. Face Bricks are used for exterior and
interior walls and other architectural
structures.
• 3. Calcium Silicate Bricks are made with
alumina and silica and are used for
furnaces and other structures that
require higher temperature up to 178 o
C.

8. BRICKS
• Brick Laying and Patterns
Bricks are laid in horizontal or
vertical layer with a string or
nylon chord as guide.
• The vertical layer of bricks is
guided by a plumb line
wherein the mortar having a
thickness of 3 to 10 mm. is
placed between layers.

10. BLOCKS - There are many types of blocks which are
most widely used as masonry materials.
• The CHB (sometimes called as
Concrete Hollow Block) is used for all
the types of construction walls,
partitions, dividers, fences, etc., it.
• Generally, a block consists of an
outside shell with a hollow center
that is divided by two or three
vertical webs.
• The end unit may have flanges that
accept mortar and join with the
other adjacent blocks (except blocks
intended for corners and the end of
walls).

11. MASONRY TOOLS

12. MASONRY TOOLS
• Appropriate tools are
adopted in masonry to
suit the kind of work
involved. It also includes
some carpenter tools such
as the measuring tools,
testing tools, and
fastening tools.
•1. Roughing up Tools
•2. Surface finishing
tools

13. MASONRY TOOL
• Roughing up tools are those tools necessary in the process of
preparing, arranging, forming, laying, and shaping of bricks,
stones, and masonry blocks. Tools of this type of work are mostly
striking tools such as:

15. MASONRY TOOL

16. MASONRY TOOL

17. MASONRY TOOL