The document summarizes the results of a Marshall test conducted to determine the optimum asphalt content for an asphalt mix. The test involved two stages: specimen preparation and specimen testing. In specimen preparation, aggregates were graded, dried, and mixed with asphalt. Specimens were molded and prepared for testing. In specimen testing, specimens were tested for properties like stability, flow, density, air voids and voids filled with asphalt at different asphalt contents. Charts were created to analyze the test results. The optimum asphalt content was determined to be 4.8% based on the asphalt content corresponding to maximum stability and density and median air voids.

1. MARSHALL TEST RESULT’S
 IT IS CONDUCTED IN TWO STAGE’S
 SPECIMEN PREPARATION.
 SPECIMEN TESTING.

2. SAMPLE
GRADED AND
DRIED
HEATING UP
SAMPLE MIX
WITH BITUMEN
MOULDING SAMPLE
READY FOR
TESTING

3. SPECIMEN PREPARATION
 WE USED FULLER’S FORMULA FOR GRADING
AND PREPARED SPREADSHEET FOR THAT
ALSO.
 WHERE ‘p’ is PERCENTAGE
PASSING THROUGH SIEVE
UNDER CONSIDERATION
‘D’ is LARGEST PARTICLE SIZE
‘d’ is SIEVE UNDER CONSIDERATION
‘n’ is FULLER INDEX AND TAKEN as 0.45 by
us.

4. SPECIMEN PHASE DIAGRAM

5. NOTATIONS
W1, W2, W3 AND Wb ARE
WEIGHT OF COARSE
AGGREGATES, FINE
AGGREGATES, FILLER AND
BITUMEN RESPECTIVELY.
V1, V2, V3, Vb AND Vv ARE
VOLUME OF COARSE
AGGREGATES, FINE
AGGREGATES, FILLER,
BITUMEN AND AIR VOIDS
G1, G2, G3 AND Gb ARE
SPECIFIC GRAVITIES OF
COARSE AGGREGATES,
FINE AGGREGATES,
FILLER AND BITUMEN

6. FORMULA’S
USED
Gt THEORETICAL
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
Gm BULK SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
Vv AIR VOIDS IN SAMPLE
Vb VOIDS FILLED WITH
BITUMEN
VMA VOIDS IN MINERAL
AGGREGATES
VFB VOIDS FILLED BY
BITUMEN

7. SPECIMEN TESTING
ANIMATED REAL

8. TESTING DATA FOR OPTIMUM
BITUMEN CONTENT
Sample
No.
Bitumen
Content
(%)
Marshall
Stability
Value
(kg)
Flow
Value (in
0.25mm
units)
Bulk
Specific
Gravity
Air Voids
(%)
VFB (%)
1) 4 1037.31 10 2.37 3.83 71.54
2) 4.5 1632.62 11 2.39 2.26 83.74
3) 5 2035.48 12 2.40 1.85 86.29
4) 5.5 2084.40 14 2.39 1.53 89.26
5) 6 1379.62 17 2.38 0.93 93.90

9. CHARTS
 MARSHALL STABILITY VS BITUMEN CONTENT

10. CHARTS
 FLOW VALUE VS BITUMEN CONTENT

11. CHARTS
 AIR VOIDS VS BITUMEN CONTENT

12. CHARTS
 BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY VS BITUMEN CONTENT

13. CHARTS
 VFB VS BITUMEN CONTENT

14. OPTIMUM BITUMEN CONTENT
 BITUMEN CONTENT CORRESPONDING TO
MAXIMUM MARSHALL STABILITY VALUE= 5.5%
 BITUMEN CONTENT CORRESPONDING TO
MAXIMUM BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY= 5%
 BITUMEN CONTENT CORRESPONDING TO MEDIAN
(4%) OF AIR VOIDS %= 4%
 AVERAGE VALUE= 4.8%
 THEREFORE OPTIMUM BITUMEN CONTENT= 4.8%

15. “Engineering problems are under-defined, there are many solutions, good, bad and
indifferent. The art is to arrive at a good solution. This is a creative activity,
involving imagination, intuition and deliberate choice.”
OVE ARUP
Engineers … are not superhuman. They make mistakes in their assumptions, in their
calculations, in their conclusions. That they make mistakes is forgivable; that they
catch them is imperative. Thus it is the essence of modern engineering not only to be
able to check one’s own work but also to have one’s work checked and to be able to
check the work of others.

16. THANK
YOU