Marketing ramashastri bimm-toaster pricing case
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The document discusses a company's break even point, return on investment, capacity and profitability, and implications of accepting a government order. It finds that the break even point is 30,000 units at $600,000 in sales. Selling 50,000 units would yield a 20% return on $10 million investment. Accepting the government order of 50,000 units allows full capacity utilization of 100,000 units, reducing fixed costs and increasing total profits to $500,000.
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FAI Exercise 2.doc
Jim Crow's Sporting Goods Store saw net sales of $164,050 in 2014 with a gross profit of $87,450 after cost of goods sold of $76,600. Total operating expenses were $68,302 resulting in a net profit of $26,748. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2014 showed total assets of $130,098 including current assets of $80,298 and fixed assets of $42,000 less accumulated depreciation. Total liabilities were $59,050 including a loan of $42,000, leaving net assets of $80,298.
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3. The calculations follow standard formulas to derive the gross value added, net value added, and national accounts aggregates at both market and factor costs.
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Calculate national income by income and expenditure method
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Advanced Functions 12
The document describes a problem involving a hotdog vendor's costs, revenue, and potential profit. It asks the reader to:
1) Write equations to represent the vendor's total cost C(h) and revenue R(h) as functions of hotdogs sold h.
2) Graph C(h) and R(h) and identify the break-even point where costs equal revenue.
3) Derive an equation for the profit function P(h) and identify its domain and range.
4) Calculate that the maximum daily profit the vendor can earn is $255 by selling 250 hotdogs.
Acct 434 week 4 midterm exam(uophelp)
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Answer 8
This document contains three summaries of economic data:
1) It summarizes the GDP using the product, expenditure, and income approaches for a car consortium worth $120 million total.
2) It lists the key values for GDP, GNP, consumption, investment, government spending, taxes, transfers, net exports, and private/government/national savings based on given data.
3) It shows the nominal and real GDP calculations between a base year and current year based on changes in quantities and prices of apples, bananas, and oranges. The nominal GDP grew 257% while the real GDP grew 218%.
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FAI Exercise 2.doc
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1. The document contains 10 word problems calculating various economic indicators such as GVA, NVA, GDP, GNP, NNP, and NDP.
2. It provides the key inputs and steps to calculate these indicators based on information provided such as sales, subsidies, depreciation, taxes, and intermediate consumption.
3. The calculations follow standard formulas to derive the gross value added, net value added, and national accounts aggregates at both market and factor costs.
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This document discusses different cost allocation methods for sharing expenses among friends eating out and for a construction company's overhead costs.
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The document describes a problem involving a hotdog vendor's costs, revenue, and potential profit. It asks the reader to:
1) Write equations to represent the vendor's total cost C(h) and revenue R(h) as functions of hotdogs sold h.
2) Graph C(h) and R(h) and identify the break-even point where costs equal revenue.
3) Derive an equation for the profit function P(h) and identify its domain and range.
4) Calculate that the maximum daily profit the vendor can earn is $255 by selling 250 hotdogs.
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Answer 8
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2) It lists the key values for GDP, GNP, consumption, investment, government spending, taxes, transfers, net exports, and private/government/national savings based on given data.
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This document lists 7 adjusting entries needed at the end of the period to prepare the financial statements. The entries adjust accounts for salaries, rent, unearned rent, transportation costs, interest expense, depreciation expense, and prepaid insurance expense. No entry is required for item h.
Break even point
The document discusses linear functions and their application to cost, revenue, and profit functions. It defines a linear function as having the form f(x) = ax + b, where a and b are constants.
It explains that a linear cost function is the total variable cost plus total fixed cost. A linear revenue function is price multiplied by quantity sold. Profit is defined as total revenue minus total cost.
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http://finishedexams.com/homework_text.php?cat=15
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The document provides information on cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis and break-even point calculations for single and multiple products. It discusses modeling taxes, operating leverage, sales mix, sensitivity analysis, and scarce resources. Equations for revenue, costs, contribution margin, break-even point, tax rates, and operating leverage are presented.
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This document discusses different types of costing methods used in manufacturing including job costing, batch costing, and the absorption and allocation of overheads. It provides an example of job costing for a specific order in a car manufacturing process. It also discusses batch production where similar items are produced in batches, like bread at a bakery. The document explains that batch costing expresses unit costs on the basis of a batch. It further discusses how overheads are estimated and can become under-absorbed or over-absorbed if actual costs differ from estimates. The closing shows an example of allocating and apportioning overheads across production departments using different metrics like direct labor hours or machine hours to calculate overhead rates and cost a
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The document provides information for Rob Jenkins of International Trade Solutions Import Co, including that they import £1m annually with a 5% effective duty rate costing £50,000, and retrospection applies for 3 years potentially resulting in £150,000 in additional costs. It also outlines options for classifying imports like the toy Buzz to determine the applicable duty rate, ways to build up or strip down imports to affect classification and duty, and various customs reliefs that could help reduce costs including inward processing and returned goods provisions.
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Application of Functions in Business and Economics
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test
The document is a course review for Business Mathematics that includes several problems involving optimization of production levels for multiple products using available machine hours, revenue and cost functions, elasticity, curve sketching, and maximizing profit for a monopolist selling a product in two markets.
Eq 872 (janak)
This document provides details to calculate the total income and tax liability of Mr. Janak for the assessment year 2013-14. Some key details include:
- Mr. Janak's age is 60 years
- His basic salary was Rs. 30,000 per month plus Dearness Allowance of 40% of basic salary
- He received an ex-gratia payment of Rs. 15,000 which is taxable
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Fly Dragon Drone Tech is a Chinese company that has 4+ years of experience in the commercial and agricultural drone sectors. They are looking for distributors to sell their intelligent agricultural drone solutions and services, which they say can improve traditional agriculture by integrating smart drone systems. The document outlines the benefits to distributors such as the growing agriculture drone market, profit potential per unit sold, target annual profits, inventory levels, stocking requirements, and support Fly Dragon Drone Tech can provide to distributors.
CENTENNIAL BREWERY PRODUCED REVENUES OF $1,145,227 IN 2008. IT HAS EXPENSES (...
CENTENNIAL BREWERY PRODUCED REVENUES OF $1,145,227 IN 2008. IT HAS EXPENSES (EXCLUDING DEPRECIATION) OF $812,640, DEPRECIATION OF $131,335, AND INTEREST EXPENSE OF $81,112. IT PAYS A MARGINAL TAX RATE OF 34 PERCENT
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Irum naila
The document discusses drug regulatory affairs and its importance in the pharmaceutical industry. It provides an overview of key concepts including:
- The roles and responsibilities of drug regulatory authorities globally and in Pakistan specifically, including the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP).
- The various laws and regulations governing drug development and approval in Pakistan, including the Drugs Act of 1976.
- The regulatory procedures involved in drug licensing and marketing authorization in Pakistan.
- The importance of regulatory compliance and understanding regulations for pharmaceutical professionals and companies to successfully develop and commercialize new drugs.
Drap afsheen.2
Contents:
History
DRAP
Composition of DRAP
Function of DRAP
Policy board
Funds and budget of DRAP
Real picture of DRAP
Other agencies
References
History Of Authorities
What Is Drug Regulatory Authority
Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) has been established in NOV13,2012 for effective coordination and enforcement of the Drugs Act, 1976.
The Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP) is an autonomous body working under the administrative control of Ministry of National Health Services.
The Authority is expected to regulate, manufacture, import, export, storage, distribution and sale of therapeutic goods.
What Is Drug Regulatory Authority,…
The authority may set up its establishments including sub-offices and laboratories at province capital and such other places from time to time.
The existing Federal Drug Control Administration(FDCA) and sub offices set up in all provinces are called Central Drug Laboratory
For example;
National Control Laboratory on Biological, Karachi
Federal Drug Surveillance Laboratory, Islamabad
Composition Of DRAP
Chief executive officer
Director Pharmaceutical Evaluations and Registration
Director Drug Licensing
Director Quality Assurance and Laboratory Testing
Director Medical Devices and Medicated Cosmetics
Director Biological Drugs
Composition Of DRAP,….
Director Controlled Drugs
Director Health and OTC Products (non-drugs)
Director Costing and Pricing
Director Budget and Accounts
Director Administration, Human Resource and Logistics
Director Legal Affairs
Director Management Information Services
Power And Function Of DRAP
Evaluation and Registration of pharmaceutical drugs, medical devices and medicated cosmetics, alternative medicines And Licensing of Drug Manufacturing facilities.
Regulation of controlled drugs and biological drugs.
Policy board
DRA will work under the Policy board which consists of 15 members.
Chair person of Board will be Secretary of Federal Health Division
Members will consist of Chief Executive of Agency, Health Secretary of all provinces.
Functions of policy board
Monitor and supervise all function of the DRAP.
Approve the budget of the DRAP.
Determine all fees and leaves.
Funds And Budgets
Loans and grants from the national and international agencies received by the federal government and provincial government to finance the function of the authority.
Grat-in aid in term of salaries and retirements benefits of the existing staff provided by the federal government.
Charges and fees collected by the authority to recover the cost of regulated activities
Funds And Budgets……………
Central research fund collected from pharmaceutical industry.
The authority shall, in respect of each financial year prepare an annual budget for approval from board and shall sent to the federal government for appropriate provision and allocation.
Facts About DRAP
Dr Hussein, regional
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This document outlines Pakistan's drug pricing policy, including:
1) Classifying drugs as scheduled or non-scheduled based on factors like public health significance and market share.
2) Setting formulas for pricing scheduled drugs based on costs in countries like India and Bangladesh.
3) Fixing prices for new chemical entities (NCEs) at 30% less than originator brands, and reducing originator prices over time.
4) Allowing annual price increases linked to consumer price index for scheduled and non-scheduled drugs differently.
Pricing practices
The document discusses three transfer pricing case studies:
1) Glaxo-Smithkline between US and UK - GSK was charged with undervaluing R&D costs in the UK and overvaluing marketing costs in the US to avoid taxes.
2) Compaq Computer between US and Singapore - Compaq justified transfer prices using cost-plus pricing which the IRS eventually accepted.
3) Seagate Technology between US and Singapore - The IRS claimed royalty payments between subsidiaries were too low but Seagate was unable to fully convince them.
Pakistan Pharmaceutical Market Overview (2015)
Pakistan has a growing pharmaceutical market valued at $2.6 billion in 2015. Systemic anti-infectives and alimentary tract and metabolism drugs make up nearly half of total market share. The top 20 pharmaceutical companies, including GlaxoSmithKline and Abbott Laboratories, account for over 50% of total market value. Major trading partners for pharmaceutical imports and exports include Afghanistan, Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany.
Micromeritics
Micromeritics refers to the science and technology of small particles. It deals with particle size, size distribution, shape, surface area, and pore size. Knowledge of these properties is important in pharmacy because particle size affects drug release from dosage forms and stability of suspensions, emulsions, and tablets. It also influences flow properties and uniformity of drug fill in tablets and capsules. Smaller particle sizes increase dissolution and absorption rates for some drugs. Common methods to determine particle size include sieving, sedimentation, light scattering, and electrical sensing using a Coulter Counter.
Overview Drug, Alternative Medicines, Medical Devices Registration in Pakistan
Overview of DRAP requirement regarding Drug Manufacturing And License Fee,Drug Registration and Drug Registration Fee , Drug Pricing, Enlistment and Enlistment Fee, Medical Devices and Medical Devices Fee
IMS Global Pharma Outlook 2016
The document summarizes key projections about global spending on medicines from 2012 to 2016. It finds that global spending will reach nearly $1.2 trillion by 2016, with developed markets' share declining to 57% as pharmerging markets increase their share to 30% through population and economic growth. There will be an accelerated shift to generics and biosimilars, accounting for $4-6 billion, while off-invoice discounts and rebates are estimated to reach $180-190 billion in 2016, lowering estimated global spending. New medicines are expected to transform treatment for diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's, though some gaps in available treatments will remain.
The Top Skills That Can Get You Hired in 2017
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Overview Drug, Alternative Medicines, Medical Devices Registration in Pakistan
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Aminullah assagaf em56 microeconomics_28 nov 2020
This document provides information and materials to support microeconomics studies. It includes a list of topics to be covered, instructions on where to find supporting materials like slides and research papers, and a section on market structures. There are also examples of total cost, fixed cost, and variable cost functions. The document demonstrates calculating the break-even point using different cost and revenue variables. It provides multiple examples of how to determine the quantity and revenue required to reach the break-even point.
Maths. topic 2,3,4,5
Based on the information provided:
- Short-term rates increased to 11%
- Long-term rates remain at 13%
- Temporary current assets remain at $1,000,000
- Permanent current assets remain at $2,000,000
- Fixed assets remain at $1,200,000
- Earnings before interest and taxes remain at $996,000
- Tax rate remains at 40%
With the new short-term rate of 11%, short-term interest expense would be:
Temporary current assets of $1,000,000 at 11% = $110,000
Long-term interest expense and the calculation of earnings after taxes remains the same.
Therefore
Break even analysis
Break-even analysis examines the costs and revenues of a product to determine the quantity that needs to be sold to break even. It can be used to compare different production options and determine the best scenario. The analysis involves calculating fixed and variable costs to find the break-even point and profit levels using algebraic equations or graphical displays. It is an important tool for deciding whether a product or production method will be cost effective.
Answer key chapter 4
1) The document provides examples of calculations related to accounting and finance such as computing required new funds, sales projections, cost of goods sold, and cash flow schedules.
2) It includes 14 examples of different calculations involving units sold, sales, inventory, costs, profits, and cash receipts and payments over time.
3) The examples demonstrate accounting methods like FIFO and LIFO for calculating costs and ending inventory and provide practice for students to compute values like units to produce, gross profit, and cash flows for a business over multiple periods.
IPCC_Marginal Costing
Marginal costing is a technique that separates total costs into fixed and variable costs. It helps management make decisions by calculating indicators like profit volume ratio, break-even point, margin of safety, and indifference point. The document provides an example problem demonstrating how to use marginal costing to calculate these indicators and make decisions. It also discusses how marginal costing varies from other costing techniques.
6. Cost Volume-Profit Analysis
The document provides information about cost behavior and cost-volume-profit analysis. It includes examples of variable costs, fixed costs, and mixed costs. It discusses calculating the break-even point using unit contribution margin and fixed costs. It also shows how the break-even point is affected by changes in selling price, variable costs, fixed costs, and target profit. The high-low method for separating mixed costs into fixed and variable components is demonstrated through an example.
Analyzing project cash flow/absor marantika/ardan cahya w/kyo larely j p/risw...
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Cvp & be analysis
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COST OF CAPITAL
This document discusses the concept of cost of capital and how to measure it. It defines cost of capital as the minimum rate of return a company must earn on invested funds to prevent a decrease in shareholder value. The document then discusses how to calculate the cost of various components of capital structure including:
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Chapter 12
This document contains solutions to problems related to leverage and capital structure.
Some key points summarized:
1) Breakeven analysis is performed for multiple companies using algebraic formulas to calculate the quantity needed to break even. Comparisons are made between companies' operating leverage.
2) Graphs are used to show the relationship between sales, costs, profits and losses at different production levels as well as to illustrate how degree of operating leverage decreases as production increases past the breakeven point.
3) Calculations are shown for earnings per share under different financing plans and levels of earnings before interest and taxes to demonstrate how degree of financial leverage is affected.
4) Integrated examples bring together concepts of operating
leverage chapter problem solution
This document contains solutions to problems related to leverage and capital structure.
1) It provides calculations of breakeven points, degrees of operating leverage, earnings per share, and degrees of financial leverage for various companies.
2) It demonstrates how changes in sales, costs, prices, and financial structure impact measures of leverage and risk.
3) Integrative problems bring together multiple leverage concepts to analyze overall business risk for different firms.
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mrt & 6 apr 2021
This document provides an overview of a marketing instruments and analysis course taught by Professor Aminullah Assagaf. It includes the course schedule, assigned readings from textbooks, group assignments such as case studies, and exam dates. Group assignments cover various marketing topics including market environment, research, consumer behavior, products, pricing strategies, distribution, promotion, and international marketing. The document concludes with examples of comprehensive marketing case studies that will be analyzed over the course.
11 chap
The document discusses key concepts related to profit and loss calculations. It defines cost price as the price at which an article is purchased and selling price as the price at which an article is sold. It states that if the selling price is greater than the cost price, there is a profit, and if it is less than the cost price, there is a loss. It provides formulas to calculate profit/loss percentage and selling price based on cost price and profit/loss percentage. It also includes solved examples applying these concepts and formulas to calculation problems.
Break Even Point Analisis
Break Even or Point ialah salah satu cara metode penetapan harga. Ini membantu perusahaan manufaktur untuk menentukan jumlah produksi sesuai dengan keuntungan yang diharapkan dan atau harga yang disesuaikan dengan permintaan.
Profit contribution analysis breakeven
This document discusses breakeven analysis and operating leverage. It defines breakeven analysis as a tool that uses fixed costs, variable costs, revenue and sales volume to determine the sales level needed for a business to break even. The document provides the breakeven formula and an example calculation. It then defines operating leverage as the ratio of a company's fixed costs to its variable costs, and provides an example calculation of operating leverage. Higher operating leverage means greater profits from increased sales but also greater risk from declining sales.
Assignment quant
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Production Theory
The document discusses key concepts in production theory and firm behavior, including:
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2) It introduces the production function which shows the maximum output possible from different combinations of inputs, given technology.
3) It explains the differences between total, average and marginal product, and how marginal product shows the change in output from an additional unit of input.
4) It then discusses the costs a firm faces, including total, average and marginal costs, and how profits are calculated as total revenue minus total costs.
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
The document provides an overview of marketing analysis and instruments for a class taught by Professor Aminullah Assagaf. It includes the following key points:
1. Discussion of topics to be covered by student groups such as the marketing environment, target markets, and marketing tools.
2. Assignment of chapters from the textbook for student groups to cover concepts like market opportunities, marketing research, consumer behavior, and market segmentation.
3. Details on a marketing strategy RPS assignment, including formulation, competitive analysis, and international marketing.
4. Announcement of exams and due dates for assignments.
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
The document provides an overview of marketing analysis and instruments taught by Professor Aminullah Assagaf. It includes links to relevant academic profiles and presentations. The class will cover topics like market environment, target markets, marketing tools, market opportunities, consumer behavior, segmentation, products, distribution, pricing, and promotion. Assignments will involve group projects analyzing various marketing instruments and case studies from Indonesia and globally. The goal is for students to understand marketing concepts and apply them to real-world scenarios.
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
The document provides an overview of marketing analysis and instruments taught by Professor Aminullah Assagaf. It includes links to relevant academic profiles and presentations. The class will cover topics like market environment, target markets, marketing tools, market opportunities, consumer behavior, segmentation, products, distribution, pricing, and promotion. Assignments will involve group projects analyzing various marketing instruments and case studies from Indonesia and globally. The goal is for students to understand marketing concepts and apply them to real-world scenarios.
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Analyzing project cash flow/absor marantika/ardan cahya w/kyo larely j p/risw...
Analyzing project cash flow/absor marantika/ardan cahya w/kyo larely j p/risw...
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mrt & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mrt & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
Aminullah assagaf aip45 ai pemasaran_30 mar & 6 apr 2021
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Marketing ramashastri bimm-toaster pricing case
- 1. Submitted By: Archit Garg Geet Sawhney Mohit Sharma Siddharth Kumar
- 2. Statistics Variable Cost (VC) = $10 Per Unit Selling Price (SP) = $ 20 Per Unit Annual Fixed Cost (FC) = $300,000
- 3. 1. Break Even Point (BEP) Contribution, C = SP – VC = $20 - $10 = $10 PV Ratio = C/S * 100 = $10/$20 *100 = 50%
- 4. BEP (Units) = FC/C = $300,000/$10 = 30,000 units BEP (Sales) = FC/PV Ratio = $300,000/50% = $600,000
- 5. 2. Return on Investment Investment - $10,00,000 Expected Annual Return – 20% of Investment = $200,000 Let the units sold be X: 20X - 10X - 300,000 = 200,000 X = 50,000 units
- 6. 3. Capacity and Profit 50% capacity = 50,000 units VC = $10 P.U. FC/Unit = 300,000/50,000 = $6 TC = FC+VC = $10+$6 = $16
- 7. a) To earn 20% on cost: S.P. = $16+ 20% of 16 = $19.2 b) To earn 25% on S.P.: Let S.P. = X X = 16 + 0.25X 0.75X = 16 X = $21.33
- 8. 4. Full Capacity Utilization Govt. Order of 50,000 units So Here, co. is utilizing full capacity of 100,000 units Therefore, FC/Unit = 300,000/100,000 = $3 VC = $10 TC = $13 S.P. = $16 Profit/Unit = $16 - $13 = $3 Total Profit (A) = 50,000 * 3 = $150,000
- 9. Other 50,000 units are sold at $20 per unit Thus, Profit per unit = $20 - $13 = $7 Total Profit (B) = $350,000 Total Profit (A+B) = $150,000 + $350,000 = $500,000.
- 10. Implications of Accepting The Order The company should accept the order because of the following benefits: Full Capacity Utilization Reduction in Fixed cost Increase in Profits
- 11. Pricing Lessons There should be full capacity utilization which will reduce the Fixed Cost which in turn would result into increase in profit, So the company can charge a slightly lower price in case of bulk order.