This document discusses improving government systems and services. It proposes that development is a four-fold process involving administration, society, polity, and economy. It presents government as a machine that takes resources/taxes from citizens and provides services to them. Charts show differences in GDP, HDI rank, and health spending between countries. The organization of a government administration is outlined, from the chief minister down to delivery units and citizens. Issues like self-seeking behavior and compromised well-being are discussed. The purpose of the government machine is defined as citizen well-being. Areas to fix like efficiency issues, citizen interaction, planning, and enablement are proposed. Solutions involve sector plans, capacity augmentation, central functions, addressing monopoly services

1. Rules
Systems
•ADMINISTRATION
•Rational
professional
organisations
•SOCIETY
•Equal social
rights,
opportunities
•POLITY
•Accurate
preference
aggregation
•ECONOMY
•Enhanced
productivity
Development is a Four-Fold Process

2. Imagine Government as a Machine
Resources
/Taxes
from the
Citizen
Services
for the
Citizen

3. GDP Per Capita (USD)
HDI Rank
(2012)
64
146
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Pakistan
Malaysia

4. Health Expense Per Capita (USD)
39
61
410
665
Pakistan India Malaysia Turkey

5. Imagine Government as a Machine
Resources
/Taxes
from the
Citizen
Services
for the
Citizen
Human
Resources
Organization
Processes

6. Chief Minister / Cabinet
Legislature
Administrative Departments
Suppor
t Depts
Autonomous
Bodies
Attached
Depts
Special
Institution
s
Delivery Units
Field Formations
Citizens
Ç
√
Ç
√
Ç
√
 Outcomes
 Resource allocation
 Monitoring
 Course correction
 HR
 Procurement
 Operations

7. Chief Minister / Cabinet
Legislature
Administrative Departments
Suppor
t Depts
Autonomous
Bodies
Attached
Depts
Special
Institution
s
Delivery Units
Field Formations
Citizens
Ç
√
Ç
√
Ç
√
 Outcomes
 Resource allocation
 Monitoring
 Course correction
 HR
 Procurement
 Operations
 HR

8. Chief Minister / Cabinet
Legislature
Administrative Departments
Suppor
t Depts
Autonomous
Bodies
Attached
Depts
Special
Institution
s
Delivery Units
Field Formations
Citizens
Ç
√
Ç
√
Ç
√
 Operations
 Outcomes
 Resource allocation
 Monitoring
 Course correction
 HR
 Procurement
 HR
Self-seeking behaviour
Well-being compromised

9. Purpose of the Machine
Citizen Well-being
Outcomes
Improve Outcomes
due from the Citizen
Improve Outcomes
due to the Citizen
Efficiency
Same level
of
outcomes
with less
money

10. Citizen Well-being
Fixing
Efficiency
Issues
Fixing
Citizen
Interaction
Capacity Enablement
Monopoly
Services
Governance
Services
Fixing
Planning
Issues
Sector
Plans
Sector
Plans

11. Going Towards a Solution
• There are no medicines, just right ways to
make them
– Local problem, local solution
– Define the problem clearly
– Define the design space
– Try, Iterate, Diffuse

12. Sector Plans
 Departments to develop their charter document
1. Situation
analysis
2. Strategic review
3. Strategic plan
4. Operational
plan
5. Activities
6. Resources &
timelines
7. Risks &
mitigation
8. Communication
strategy
9. Change
management
plan
10. Performance
indicators
 Output
 Outcome
11. Performance
Contract
12. Citizen-centric
reforms

13. Defining the Sector Space
Areas of
influence
(not
allocation as
per Rules of
Business)
Sector space
served efficiently
by markets No need for
government
intervention
Areas where
government
needs to
operate
Government
space
All
intervention
areas in a
sector

14. Assess Existing Coverage
What work
are we
doing?
Realignment
of work as it
should be
Are we doing non-
sector work?
Or a subset of the
required work
Or are we distorting
efficiency?

15. How to Begin?
Define the right
Outcomes
Who is the client?
 What condition
are they in?
 Where do we
want them to
be at?
Outputs
 Operations
 Development
programmes / projects
Do they correspond?
Redundancies
Missing
activities

16. Sector Plans
 Departments to develop their charter document
1. Situation
analysis
2. Strategic review
3. Strategic plan
4. Operational
plan
5. Activities
6. Resources &
timelines
7. Risks &
mitigation
8. Change
management
plan
9. Communication
strategy
10. Performance
indicators
 Output
 Outcome
11. Performance
Contract
12. Citizen-centric
reforms Negotiation & Finalisation
Chief Minister
Integration
Core Group Delivery Unit
Comments
Finance P&D S&GAD
Consultation
Politicians Academia Other Stakeholders
Formulation
Department with Consultant
Provide Autonomy to departments to execute their charter
Monitor departments on the indicators negotiated in charter

17. Citizen Well-being
Fixing
Efficiency
Issues
Fixing
Citizen
Interaction
Capacity Enablement
Monopoly
Services
Governance
Services
Fixing
Planning
Issues
Sector
Plans
Capacity

18. Capacity Augmentation
- Engagement of one of
Top 3 international
consultant (centrally
by GoPb)
- Strategic Policy Unit /
R&D Cell
- Hiring of two (2) high-
salary individuals
from market
- Non-development
budget for secretaries
to engage short-term
consultants
 Address perpetual
shortage by restoring
DTL reserve in grades
17,18 & 19
 Reframing of
competencies and
salaries for Section
Officer
 35% posts (currently
vacant) to be filled
with junior executives
having computing,
reading, writing &
googling skills
 No further induction
of clerical staff
Immediate Short term
 Section structure
 Section officer
(50% clerical,
50% direct)
 Assistant
 Junior clerk
 Record keeper
 Diary dispatch
clerk
 Stenographer
 Naib Qasid
 Rational
Compensation
 Objective
Performance
Evaluation
 Competitive
Promotion System
 Continuous
Professional Training
Medium term

19. Citizen Well-being
Fixing
Efficiency
Issues
Fixing
Citizen
Interaction
Capacity Enablement
Monopoly
Services
Governance
Services
Fixing
Planning
Issues
Sector
Plans
Enablement

20. Proposed Central Functions
Planning & Development
 Oversight of sectoral plans
 Release of supplementary development
funds
 Strategy formulation
 Growth, poverty reduction, industrial, PPP,
resource generation
 Approval of mega projects
 Economic & statistical analysis
 Forecasting
 RoI on competing demands
 Input/output/outcome relationships of
development spending
 Risk analysis
 Strategic options analysis
 Identification of overlaps and
redundancies
 Ex-post review of department actions
(performance audit)
Finance
 Cash Flow management
 Advice on matters having financial
implication
 Custody and updation of financial rules
 Budget compilation
 Risk assessment
 Debt management
 Taxation proposals
 Resource generation
 Treasury & accounting
 Monitoring and disposal of audit paras
 Supplementary grant
 Ex-post review of department actions
(performance audit)

21. Citizen Well-being
Fixing
Efficiency
Issues
Fixing
Citizen
Interaction
Capacity Enablement
Monopoly
Services
Governance
Services
Fixing
Planning
Issues
Sector
Plans
Monopoly
Services

22. Governance Services
Protection of
public space /
common
goods from
private greed
Protection of
citizens from
street
bureaucrats
Protection of
consumers
from private
greed
• Encroachment
• Streets
• Graveyards
• Parks
• Ramps
• Speed breakers
• Road cuts
• Aquifer damage
• Billboards
• Theft
• Lumber
• Electricity
• Water
• Gas

23. Addressing the Problem
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Governance
Station
Laws, rules, regulations, standards, parameters, benchmarks
Encroachments Food Drugs Pesticides
New subculture
Process:
Istighasa-based
Coverage:
Low Density
Process:
Disjointed
Sub-tehsil level
(high density)
Coercive power of the state

24. Thank You
24