This document discusses trade-offs and synergies between sustainable food production and ecosystem services for communities in the changing Barotse Floodplain region of Zambia. A package of research questions and methods are proposed to examine how landscape use impacts diets and meets nutrient needs, identify opportunities to improve diets while considering environmental and economic costs/benefits, and develop options that can be implemented at scale. The goal is to find agriculture and nutrition solutions through participatory analysis of scenarios and integrating ecosystem, food system and nutrition factors in models.